高考英语形容词与副词

1。形容词的位置：形容词一般放被修饰词的前面Itisaquietbutinterestingplace.形容词后置的情况1）。当形容词修饰不定代词one,no,any,some或every构成的复合词，如：something,anything,nothingHedideverythingpossibletohelpus.2)只能充当表语的形容词必须后置Shewastheonlypersonawakeatthatnight..3)Enough修饰名词既可放前也可放后，但所修饰的名词放句首时，只能前置Ihaveenoughtime(timeenough)4)形容词else放不定代词或疑问代词后作定语AnythingelsecanIdoforyou,sir?2.the+adj.表一类人（复数）和抽象概念（单数）Weshouldhelptheoldandthedisabled.多个形容词作定语的排列：限定词/序数词---基数词—描绘性形容词---大，小，长，短，高，低---形状---年龄，新旧---颜色----国籍，地区，出处---物质材料---用途，类别+名词TheoldladywantstobuyabeautifulredChinesesilkdressforherdaughterasapresent..TheyboughtacharmingbigroundnewblackFrenchwoodenwritingdesklastyear.3。意义相差很大的同根副词close接近地closely密切地free免费地freely自由地hard努力地hardly几乎不late晚lately近来most非常mostly主要地wide广阔地widely广泛地high高highly高度地deep深deeply抽象意义的“深”loud大声地loudly大声地（含有“喧闹”)near邻近nearly几乎注意：不带－ly表具体多位于动词（＋宾语）后介词前与过去分词构成复合词带－ly表抽象修饰形容词，副词，过去分词修饰动词位置不限4。与形容词相关的几个句型：1)too…totoo+adj./adv.+todo太。。。。。而不能做某事too+adj.(表个性品质）＋todo非常。。。做。。。too…nottodo…..太。。。不会不做。。。not/nevertoo…todo永不、决不。。。onlytoo/buttoo…todo十分，非常，极其Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.=Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.Heiseagertoleave.Sheisonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.2）more…than与其说（后面）倒不如说（前面）=beless…than=benotso/asmuch…as=be…ratherthan….=berather…than….Shewasmorefrightenedthanhurt.=Shewaslesshurtthanfrightened.=Shewasfrightenedratherthanhurt.=Shewasratherfrightenedthanhurt.3）cannot…too/cannever…too越。。。。越好Onecanneverbetoocarefultostudy.4）A对B犹如C对D一样AistoB(just)asCistoD=AistoBwhatCistoD=(Just)AsCistoD,soisAtoB=WhatCistoD,thatisAtoBAiristousaswateristofish.=Airistouswhatwateristofish.=Aswateristofish,soisairtous.=Whatwateristofish,thatisairtous.4。形容词和副词的比较等级的用法：比较等级的常见句型：1）as+原级＋as(as+adj.+a/an+单数名词＋as)Tomcan’tpayashighapriceasIasked.It’snotso/asdifficultasIexpected.2）比较级＋than+比较对象（less+原级）HeistallerthanI/me.MaryislesscleverthanTom.3）the＋比较级＋ofthetwoHeisthetallerofthetwo.4）the+比较级。。。，the+比较级。。。Themore,thebetter.5）比较级＋and+比较级Thenewcityisbecomingmorethanmorebeautiful.6）beoneof/among+the+最高级＋pl.Heisoneofthebestfootballplayersinourclass.7）用介词by表相差的程度Sheistallerthanmebythreeinches.8）一个人的两种性质的比较，用more…than--Annactsquiteunfriendly.--Ithinkshe’smoreshythanunfriendly.9）否定＋比较级表最高级的意义Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.10）no/not+比较级＋than的特殊含义AisnomorecarefulthanB.A和B一样都不细心AisnolesscarefulthanB.A和B一样细心AisnotmorecarefulthanB.A不如B细心AisnotlesscarefulthanB.A比B细心11）than后加anyother+单数名词，allother…,theothers,anyother…,anyoftheother,anythingelse表最高级Sheplaysthepianobetterthananyotherstudent/allotherstudents/anyoftheotherstudents/anyoftheothers/anybodyelseinherclass.注意：1。比较的对象应该相同Theradiosmadeinourfactoryarebetterthanthose(made)inyourfactory.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.2.比较的对象不能相互包容比较级＋than+anyother+单数名词/all(the)other+pl./anyoneelse/anyofother+pl.TheMississippiRiverislongerthananyotherriverintheUnitedStates.ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia/anycountryinAfrica.3。修饰比较级的修饰语有：rather,much,still,even,far,any,alot,agreatdeal,byfar,abit,threetimes….Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.4。修饰最高级的修饰语有：序数词，byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notrealy,notquite,nothinglike….I’dliketobuythesecondmostexpensivecamera.5.比较状语中动词的使用：BoblooksyoungerthanIdo.Boblooksyoungerthanheis.BoblookedyoungerthanIdid.Iknowyoubetterthanhedoes.Iknowyoubetterthanhim.6。比较中的省略：1）从句省略整个谓语，保留主语Ourlibraryhasasmanybooksasyours.2）省去谓语保留主语和be,have或助动词Susanhasdoneasmuchhomeworkasyouhave.3）省略主语和谓语，保留状语Sheismuchbetterthanyesterday.4）省去整个than从句Sheismuchhealthierandhappier.无比较级，最高级的形容词和副词1。表示比较，特殊意义的：comparative(ly),relative(ly),special(ly)2。表绝对意义的unexpected(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),perfect(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(ly),complete(ly)3。表大小，极限，主观，上下的：extreme(ly），main,major,chief(ly),senior4。表性质特征的scientific,wooden,golden,woolen5。表独一无二的，形状的，强调的only,single,round,level,very,,own,simply,favorite倍数的表达法：1。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as+比较对象TheroomwhereIstayedlastnightisthreetimesasbigasmyownroom.2。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋the+度量名词＋of+比较对象主语＋谓语＋倍数＋what-clauseOurclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.Thelengthoftheroadistwicewhatitwasthreeyearsago.3。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋比较级＋than+比较对象主语＋谓语＋比较级＋than+比较对象＋by+倍数TomhasfourtimesmoremoneythanIhave.Thelineislongerthanonebytwice.1.Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch_____shewasgetting.A.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviest2.The________housesmellsasifithasn’tbeenlivedinforyears.A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle3.Therearetwobuildings,_____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhichAAD4.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas______tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch6.Hedidit______ittookme.A.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetimeDAD7.Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_____IQA.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest8.Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheideathatthefurtherwego,________.A.ourholidaywillbebet