高考英语总复习 阅读理解专项攻略一 细节理解题课件 外研版

细节性题目是阅读理解题中出现最多的一类问题，大约占40%左右。问题有两种基本形式：完全式和不完全式，其中不完全式的问题占绝大多数。一篇文章必须通过许多细节的信息来解释或表达主题，体现主题思想。弄懂这些细节对于理解全文的作用是不容忽视的。因此要在阅读时准确把握所提供的信息。这类考题是比较直接的，理解字面意思就可答题，有时则是比较间接的，要通过归纳、综合才能得出答案。做细节题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中去找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法，将“文中无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。细节理解是文章的有机组成部分，是作者表达中心思想的具体手段。读者要准确理解一篇文章，就必须重视人名、日期、事实、数据和地点等。细节理解型题目又分直接信息题型、间接信息题型以及信息综合类题型。Ijustfinishedthehouseholdchoresforthenightandwaspreparingtogotobed，whenIheardanoiseinthefrontofthehouse.Iopenedthedoortothefrontroomandtomysurprise，SantahimselfsteppedoutfrombehindtheChristmastree.HeplacedhisfingeroverhismouthsoIwouldnotcryout.“Whatareyoudoing？”Istartedtoask.Thewordschokedupinmythroat，andIsawhehadtearsinhiseyes.Hisusualjollymannerwasgone.Gonewastheeager，boisteroussoulweallknow.Hethenansweredmewithasimplestatement“TEACHTHECHILDREN！”Iwaspuzzled;whatdidhemean?SantathenreachedinhisbagandpulledoutaFIR(杉木)TREE.“Teachthechildrenthatthepuregreencolorofthestatelyfirtreeremainsgreenallyearround，describingtheeverlastinghopeofmankind，alltheneedlespointheavenward，makingitasymbolofman'sthoughtsturningtowardheaven.”HeagainreachedintohisbagandpulledoutabrilliantSTAR.“Teachthechildrenthatthestarwastheheavenlysignofpromiseslongago.Godpromisedasavior(救世主)fortheworld，andthestarwasthesignoffulfillmentofhispromise.”HethenreachedintohisbagandpulledoutaCANDLE.“TeachthechildrenthatthecandlesymbolizesthatChrististhelightoftheworld，andwhenweseethisgreatlightweareremindedofhewhodisplaces(取代)thedarkness.”SuddenlyIheardasofttwinklingsound，andfromhisbaghepulledoutaBELL.“Teachthechildrenthatasthelostsheeparefoundbythesoundofthebell，itshouldringmankindtothefold.Thebellsymbolizesguidanceandreturn.”Santalookedbackandwaspleased.Isawthatthetwinklewasbackinhiseyes.Hesaid，“Remember，teachthechildrenthetruemeaningofChristmasanddonotputmeinthecenter，forIambutanhumbleservantoftheonethatis，andIbowdowntoworshipHIM，ourLORD，ourGOD.”1．Authoropenedthedoorwhenhewasgoingtosleepbecause________.A．heheardsomethingunusualB．hewasnotsleepingatthemomentC．hesawtheSantaatthemomentD．hewantedtostepoutoftheroom2．AccordingtoSanta，thestarwas________.A．asymbolofman'sthoughtsturningtowardsheavenB．thesighoffulfillmentoftheSanta'spromiseC．thesymbolofthelightoftheworldD．thesoundofthebellwhichringmankindtothefold3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“twinkle”referto?A．Tears.B．Smiles.C．Glasses.D．Eyes.4．Santadoesn'twanttobeputinthecenterbecausehethinksheisonlya________.A．manB．servantC．lordD．god【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是圣诞老人教育孩子们圣诞的真正含义的一片苦心。1．A细节理解题。根据文中第一段whenIheardanoiseinthefrontofthehouse可判断作者是听到了一些声音，才出来看看情况。2．B细节理解题。根据文中倒数第四段thestarwasthesignoffulfillmentofhispromise可判断。3．A词义猜测题。根据文中第二段Isawhehadtearsinhiseyes以及最后一段Isawthatthetwinklewasbackinhiseyes可知发光的东西是眼泪。4．B细节理解题。根据文中最后一段Iambutanhumbleservant可判断答案。【难句分析】[原文]Teachthechildrenthatthepuregreencolorofthestatelyfirtreeremainsgreenallyearround，describingtheeverlastinghopeofmankind，alltheneedlespointheavenward，makingitasymbolofman'sthoughtsturningtowardheaven.[译文]告诉孩子们那纯绿色的杉木树全年保持绿色，描绘着人类的希望。所有的树针指着天空，使它成为了人们想着天空的象征。[分析]本句较长，describingtheeverlastinghopeofmankind和makingitasymbolofman'sthoughtsturningtowardheaven在此为非谓语动词作状语。