《高三语法复习宾语补语》

定义英语中有一些及物动词，除了有一个宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，句义才完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let等。形式可以充当宾语补足语的一般为名词，形容词，介词短语，不定式，分词，副词。可以简记为：名、形、介短、不、分、副。Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.Idon’tconsiderMr.Smithmyfriend.Allthisnoisewilldrivememad.Iwanttohavemyroomcleanandtidy.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Hefoundhimselfinthehospitalwhenhewokeup.Hisfatheraskedhimnottomakefriendswithsuchfellows.Wepersuadedhimtoredesignthewholemachine.HeKeptmewaitingforalongtime.We’llkeepyouinformed.Keephimout.IsthatJessica?Letherin.应注意的问题1.某些表示独一无二的职务的名词如manager,mayor,monitor,head,chairman,president等作宾语补足语时，名次前不用冠词。eg.WechooseJenniferchairperson.2.表示感官的动词（如see,watch,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel,find等）以及表示使役的动词（如have,make,let等）作谓语时，用不带to的不定式作宾语不足语，但变为被动语态时，不定式要带to。ShewasheardtosingmanyEnglishsongs.IheardhersingmanyEnglishsongs.3.分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，若表示宾语与补足语之间是主动关系，则用现在分词；若表示宾语与补足语之间是被动关系，则用过去分词。eg.Isawtheoldmanknockeddownbyacar.Isawthetraincomingintothestation.4.感官动词用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程；用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。eg.Isawhimcrossthestreet.Isawhimcrossingthestreet.5.某些过去分词如seated,hidden,dressed,disappointed等，由于源自系表结构，故一般不用它们的现在分词形式作宾补。eg.Ifoundherseatedonthegrassjustnow.单句改错1.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimselfunderstand.2.WeallelectedJasonthemonitor.3.Theteacheraskedusnotmakesomuchnoise.4.---Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!---DuringthewinterIlikemyhousewarmlyandcomfortable.5.Don’tleavethewaterrunwhileyoubrushyourteeth.6.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedofhisworkunfinished.7.Hepushedthedooropening.8.Shelookedaroundandcaughtamanputhishandintothepocketofapassengers.9.Withalotofdifficultproblemssettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.10.WhenIcamein,Ifoundaboyhidebehindthedoor.Answers1.understand------understood2.去掉the3.not后加to4.warmly----warm5.run----running6.of----with7.opening----open8.put----putting9.settle前加to10.hide----hidden