项目管理(中英文对照 ppt 49)

Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved1《项目管理》ProjectManagement佟瑞JinanUniversityCliffordF.Gray/ErikW.LarsonProjectManagement:TheManagerialprocessSession#2Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved2项目选择与组织战略TheProjectSelection&OrganizationstrategySep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved3Thethoughtforsuccess成功思维Thesuccessfulmanlengthenshisstridewhenhediscoversthatsignposthasdeceivedhim;thefailurelooksforaplacetositdown.--------J.R.Rogers成功的人发现受到路标愚弄时，仍迈步而行，但失败者却找个地方先坐下来再说。Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved4AligningProjectswithorganizationStrategy项目与组织战略相一致Identificationofproject’spriorityandlinkagewiththestrategicplan项目优先权的识别及与战略规划的联系Valuecontributiontotheorganization’sstrategicplan对组织战略规划的价值贡献。ProjectmanagersneedtounderstandtheStrategicmanagementProcess.项目经理需要了解战略管理过程Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved5CommentsfromProjectmanagersWheredidthisprojectcomefrom?ShouldIstopworkingonthisprojectandstartonthenewone?Whyarewedoingthisproject?Howcanalltheseprojectsbefirstpriority?Wheredotheygettheresourcestodothisproject?Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved6AligningProjectwithOrganizationStrategy项目与组织战略相一致Strategyisimplementedthroughprojects.Everyprojectshouldhaveaclearlinktoorganizationstrategy战略是通过项目来实现的，每一项目都应该与组织战略有清晰的联系。Therearetoomanyorganizationsinwhichmanymanagerscannotidentifyaproject’sandlinkitwiththestrategicplan太多的组织中，许多经理们不能够识别项目并将之与组织战略计划联系起来。Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved7WhatisStrategicmanagement?Strategicmanagementistheprocessofassessing”whatweare”anddecidingandimplementing”whatweintendtobeandhowwearegoingtogetthere.”Strategydescribeshowanorganizationintendstocompetewiththeresourcesavailableintheexistingandperceivedfutureenvironment.Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved8TwomajordimensionsofstrategicmanagementRespondingtochangesintheexternalenvironment.Allocatingscarceresourcesofthefirmtoimproveitscompetitiveposition.Constantscanningoftheexternalenvironmentforchangesinamajorrequirementforsurvivalinadynamiccompetitiveenvironment.Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved9Strategicmanagement‘sfocusItprovidesthethemeandfocusofthefuturedirectionoftheorganization.Itsupportsconsistencyofactionateveryleveloftheorganization.Itencouragesintegrationbecauseeffortandresourcesarecommittedtocommongoalsandstrategies.Itisacontinuous,iterativeprocessaimedatdevelopinganintegratedandcoordinatedlong-termplanofaction.Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved10TheStrategicManagementProcess战略管理过程Strategycandecidethesurvivalofanorganization.战略能够决定组织的生存Butwhattheactioncourseitshouldpursuecandecidethesuccessorfailureofanorganization但它要采取的行动路线却能决定组织的成败。Strategicmanagementrequiresstronglinksamongmission,goals,objectives,strategy,andimplementation,战略管理要求组织使命、目标、目的，战略以及执行强紧密联系。Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved11TheStrategicManagementProcess战略管理过程Reviewanddefinetheorganizationalmission.评论和界定组织使命SetLong-rangegoalsandobjectives.设立长期目标和目的。Analyzeandformulatestrategiestoreachobjectives分析并阐明战略以期达到目标Implementstrategiesthroughprojects.通过项目来执行战略Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved12StrategicManagementProcess战略管理过程2-1Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved13TheStrategicManagementProcess战略管理过程Everyoneintheorganizationshouldbekeenlyawareoftheorganization’smission组织内每个人应当敏锐地知道组织使命Themissionstatementcommunicatesandidentifiesthepurposeoftheorganizationtoallstakeholders.使命说明是对所有的项目干系人传达并识别组织的目的。Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved14TheStrategicManagementProcess战略管理过程Missionstatementscanbeusedforevaluatingorganizationperformance使命说明可以用来评价组织绩效Statementsfrequentlyincludeorganizationalphilosophy,keytechnologies,publicimage,andcontributiontosociety.该说明常常包括组织哲学，关键技术、公众形象，以及对社会的贡献等Missionstatementschangeinfrequently,but,ithastoberevisedwhenthenatureofthebusinesschangesorshifts使命说明很少变化。但业务性质改变或转换时，这就需要修改使命说明了。Thestatementcan’tbeanybody’smissionstatement,使命说明不能是任何人的使命说明Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved15Long-RangeGoalsandObjectives长程目标和目的Organizationalobjectivessettargetsforalllevelsoftheorganization组织目标为组织各级层面设定了目标Objectivesanswerindetailwhereafirmisheadedandwhenitisgoingtogetthere.目标详细回答了公司的去向问题以及何时达到目的地。Objectivesfortheorganizationcovermarkets,products,innovation,productivity,quality,finance,profitability,employees,andconsumers组织目标涵盖了市场、产品、创新、生产力、质量、财务、收益性、员工以及消费者Insummary,organizationalobjectivesdriveyourprojects.总之，组织目标驱动项目.Sep.-Dec.2004JinanUniversity佟瑞(EdwardTong)MBA,MPMcopyrightreserved16AnalyzeandFormulateStrategiestoReachObjectives.分析并阐明能达成目标的战略Formulatingstrategyanswersthequestionofwhatneedstobedonetoreachobjectives.战略阐明回答了达到目标需要做什么的问题。Strategyformulationincludesdeterminingandevaluat