零件的结构工艺性

ManufacturingProcessConsiderations零件的结构工艺性Castingstructure铸件结构Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构Structureofdrillhole钻孔结构请点击相应标题显示其内容Castingstructure铸件结构SandboxcoverOverflowPouringhead上砂箱冒口浇口≈3°1.Draft起模斜度:The120（≈3°）draftalongthedrawingdirectionofthepatternfacilitatestotakeoutthepatternwhilemolding.铸件造型时，为便于取出木模，沿脱模方向的表面做出120（≈3°）的起模斜度。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Ifthedraftisverysmall,itcanbeomitted,Ifnecessary,itcanbeincludedintechnical.起模斜度较小时,在图中一般不画出,必要时可注写在技术要求中。Sandbox下砂箱Model模型Cavity型腔Sand型砂R32.Filletsincastings铸造圆角:Theremustbearadiuswheretwosurfacesmeet,inordertoavoidsanddropswhileremovingthemouldandshrinkagecavityandshrinkagecrackwhilecooling.在铸件表面相交处应有圆角,以免脱模时砂型落砂,同时防止铸件冷却时产生裂纹或缩孔。Machinesymbol机加工符号请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Castingstructure铸件结构Theintersectionlineisneededinordertodistinguishthevarioussurfaces.Theonewehaveprovidediscalledrun-outline.Therepresentationofatransitionlineissimilartothatofintersectionline.Theonlydifferenceisthattheendoftherun-outlineisnotconnectedwiththecontourlineoftheradius,andthelinestyleisathinsolidline.为了区分不同形体的表面,仍要画出相贯线,这种相贯线称为过渡线。过渡线的画法和相贯线相同,只是其端点处不与圆角轮廓线接触,且线型为细实线。R33.Wallthickness铸件的壁厚:Toavoidshrinkagecavityandshrinkagecrackcausedbydifferentcoolingspeeds.Duringthedesignphase,itisamusttomaintainuniformwallthicknessorasmooth.Onemustavoidunequaldesignssuchasthicknessabruptvaryingorlocalthickpartialareas.为防止浇铸零件时,由于壁厚不匀而冷却速度不同产生的缩孔和裂纹,在设计铸件时,应使壁厚尽量均匀或逐渐过渡,以避免壁厚突变或局部肥大的不匀现象。Dedectivness有缺陷Defectivness有缺陷请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Smoothtransition平滑过渡Castingstructure铸件结构Maintainuniformwallthickness壁厚均匀1.Bossclubandrecessedsurface凸台与凹坑：Usually,allsurfacesmountedonotherpartsneedtobemachined.Thebossorrecessedsurfaceisaddedtokeepgoodcontactbetweenthesurfacesoftwopartsandtoreducethemachiningareaandmanufacturingcost.零件上凡与其他零件接触的表面一般都要加工，为了保证两零件表面的良好接触，同时减少加工面积，以降低制造费用，在零件的需接触表面处常设计成凸台、凹坑的形式。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容凸台凹坑高度不一致,导致加工调刀工时费、成本高Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构Onemustavoidunequaldesigns应避免凸台凹坑高度不一致R2倒角宽度22.Chamferandround倒角与圆角:Toeliminateburrsandflashesinordertopreventhumanhandsfromcuttingandtofacilitatemounting,theendsofboththeshaftandtheholeusuallyneedtobechamfered.为了去除零件的毛刺、锐边，以防止划伤人手和便于装配，在轴和孔的端部通常需加工出倒角。Avoidcracks避免断裂Thatis,thesharpedgeofshaftendiscutbyaconicalcuttingtoolwitha45°degreeapexangle.即用一锥顶角为45°的圆锥刀头切除其端部锐边。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构C22×C2Anarctransitionusuallyremainsattheshaftshoulder,whichiscalledround,inordertoavoidcrackscausedbypressureconcentration.在轴肩处，常常制成圆弧过渡，即圆角，以避免因应力集中而产生裂纹。Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构槽宽bUndercut退刀槽Undercut退刀槽Grindingundercut砂轮越程槽Grindingundercut砂轮越程槽Grindingsurface精磨表面Grindingsurface精磨表面3.Escapeandgrindingundercut螺纹退刀槽和砂轮越程槽:槽宽b槽深aAnescape,grindingortravelinglimitundercutneedstobeproducedattheendofthesurfacetobemachined,inordertoeasilywithdrawthecutterorgrindingwheelwhiletappingorgrindingexternaldiameter.在车削螺纹或磨外圆时,为便于退刀或使用砂轮,需要在待加工面末端先切出退刀槽或砂轮越程槽。内径Φ请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Thedimensionoftheescapeisidentifiedas‘width×depth’or‘width×diameter’.退刀槽及越程槽的尺寸注成“宽度×深度”或“宽度×直径”。232ф122ф1223609060Theaxisofthedrillshouldbeperpendiculartothesurfacetobedrilled,inordertoensurecorrectdrillingpositionandpreventthedrillfrombreakingcausedbyunequalimpactforce.用钻头钻孔时，为保证钻孔位置准确和避免钻头因受力不均而折断，应使钻头轴线垂直于被钻孔零件的表面。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Structureofdrillhole钻孔结构Theintersectionpointwheretheholeandtheobliqueplanemeetisnecessarytosettoplatformandnotchstructure.Iftheanglebetweenthedrillandtheobliqueplaneislargerthan60°,onecandrilltheholedirectly.在与孔轴线倾斜的表面处,常需设计出平台或凹坑结构,但当钻头与倾斜面的夹角大于60°时,也可以直接钻孔。本小节结束谢谢您的认真学习！退出前一页Castingstructure铸件结构不与轮廓线接触在图片上点击鼠标左键“暂停”或再次“播放”Castingstructure铸件结构在切点附近断开在图片上点击鼠标左键“暂停”或再次“播放”Castingstructure铸件结构在图片上点击鼠标左键“暂停”或再次“播放”Castingstructure铸件结构在图片上点击鼠标左键“暂停”或再次“播放”Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Grindingsurfacebygrindingwheel砂轮正在精磨工件的表面Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构Structureofdrillhole钻孔结构Surfacestructureofthedrillhole钻孔的表面结构Representationoftheholeanddimensionofadrill钻孔的尺寸标注Grindingexternaldiameterbygrindingwheel砂轮正在精磨斜齿轴的外圆面Grindingundercut砂轮越程槽Commonmachiningstructures机加工常见结构在图片上点击鼠标左键可以“暂停”或再次“播放”在图片上点击鼠标左键可以“暂停”或再次“播放”在图片上点击鼠标左键可以“暂停”或再次“播放”在图片上点击鼠标左键可以“暂停”或再次“播放”