A-Rose-For-Emily-William-Faulkner课文、作者、背景讲解资料

ARoseForEmilyWillamFaulknerAboutAuthor--WillamFaulkner•Life•Achievements•Career&Works•WritingCharateristics•ARoseforEmilyBriefIntroduction•WillamFaulkner(1897-1962)•OnSep.25,1897•InNewAlbany,Mississippi•Anwriterofnovels,shortstories,poetryandoccassionalscreenplays.•Withaprominentgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamFalknerWilliam'sGreat-grandfather•Faulknercamefromanold,proudanddistinguishedMississippiFamily,whichincludedagovernor,acolonelintheConfederateArmy,andnotablebussinesspioneers.•Hisgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamClarkFalkner,appearsasColonelJohnSartorisinFaulkner'sfiction,hadadistinguishedcareerasasoldier,bothintheMexicanWarandtheAmericanCivilWar.Life•Heshowedlittleinterestinstudyanddroppedoutfromhishighschool.Thenheworkedinabank.•Effectedbyhismother,whenhewas10,hebecameafanofShakespeare,Fielding,Voltaire,Hugoandothereminentauthors.•MovedtoOxford,Lafayettein1902Life•DuringWorldWarI,hejoinedtheCanadianRoyalFlyingCorpsbutneverfought.•Afterthat,heservedintheRoyalCanadianAirForce.•However,hestilldidn'ttakepartinWorldWarI.Life•Afterhisretiring,heattendedUniversityofMississippiinOxford.•ToNewYork,NewOrleansandEurope.LifeInHisMarriage•BemarriedwithEsterainLafayette,Oxford•Helivedwithhiswifeinsolitudeandconcentratedherattentioninliterature,creatingmanyexcellentworks.Influencedby•Great-grandfather&Mum•thehelpofPhilipStone(in1914)andSherwoodAnderson•FieldStoneeffectedhimandreadmodernism•SherwoodAndersonencouragedhimtoexploresoutherncultureandheformedhisuniquewritingstyle•Oneofthegreatestwriterin20thcentury•InitiatorofSouthernRenaissance•OneofthemostinfluentialmodernistnovelwritersinthewestAchievementsAchievements•AnAmericannovelistandpoetwhoseworksfeaturehisnativestateofMississippi•Regardedasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofthe20thcentury•Awardedthe1949NobelPrizeforLiteratureAchievements•Simultaneouslyoriginalandassimilative;•RegardedasoneoftheleadingAmericanwritersintheliteraryhistoryoftheUnitedStates•Arepresentativeofthewritersusingstreamofconsciousness(意识流)Achievements•Worksarefamousformultiple（多重的）narrationsandtimeshiftswithinnarrative.•Worksareknowntobeverychallenginganddifficult.Career•P1:1924-1929习作时期TrainingasawriterTheMarbleFaun《大理石牧神》1924avolumeofpoetryWorksInP1•HisliterarycareerbeganinNewOrleanswhenhemetSherwoodAnderson,whohelpedhimgethisfirstnovelSoldier'sPay（士兵的报酬）publishedin1926•Mosquitoes《群蚊》1927•Thetwonovelwascritizedbyhimself,lackingspirit,severalyearslater.Career•P2:1929-1936鼎盛时期Mostproductiveandprolificperiod•Sartoris《沙多里斯》1929•seeandfeelthedignityandsorrowofwhatwastobecomehismostfrequentlyusedsubjectmatter•thesymbolofthisperiod•ItindicatesthedownfallofthesouthWorksInP2•TheSoundandtheFury《喧哗与骚动》1929•——Descibesthedecayanddownfallofanoldsouthernaristocraticfamily,symbolizingtheoldsocialorder.•IttakesplaceinJefferson,Yoknapatawpha.WorksInP2•AsILayDying《在我弥留之际》1930•Sanctuary《圣殿》1931•LightinAugust《八月之光》1932•Absalom,Absalom《押沙龙，押沙龙！》1936•——Setinearly19c,Jefferson,showsthetragicdownfallofthedynasticdesiresoftheplanterColonelSutpenCareer•P3:1940-end巩固和确认阶段WonrecognitioninAmerica•GoDown,Moses《去吧，摩西》1942•SnopesTrilogy斯诺普斯三部曲：•TheHamlet《村子》1940•TheTown《小镇》1957•TheMansion《大宅》1959WritingCharateristics-1•Heisprimarilyknownandacclaimedforhisnovelsandshortstories,manyofwhicharesetinthefictionalYoknapatawphaCounty,asettingFaulknercreatedbasedonhisactualhomeinOxford,Lafayette,Mississippi,wherehespentmostofhislife.Yoknapatawpha•AcountyinnorthernMississippiYoknapatawpha•YoknapatawphaSaga•“约克纳帕塔法世系”小说•Theriseandfallofsouthernaristocraticfamilies•e.g.TheCompasonsinTheSoundsandFuryWritingCharateristics-Themes•MajorThemesofhisworks•(1)HistoryandRace•Heexplainsthepresentbyexaminingthepast,bytellingthestoriesofseveralgenerationsoffamilytoshowhowhistorychangeslife.Hewasalsointerestedintherelationshipbetweenblacksandwhites,especiallyconcernedabouttheproblemsofthepeoplewhowereofthemixedraceofblackandwhite,unacceptabletobothraces.MajorThemesofhisworks•(2)Deterioration•(3)Conflictsbetweengenerations,classes,races,manandenvironment•(4)Horror,violenceandtheabnormalWritingCharateristics-3•StyleandTechniques•a.Streamofconsciousnessofhumannature•b.Multiplenarrators:multiplepointsofview•c.“Anti-hero”:weak,vulnerable(turepeopleinmoderncity)•d.Timebendwithoutlinearchronologicaltimesequence——bestmediumintotheexploration——ensurethemaximumrevelationofhumanpossibilitiesWritingCharateristics-3•StyleandTechniques•Heoftenwrotehighlyemotional（多愁善感）,subtle（精细）,complex（复杂）andsometimesGothic（哥特式）orgrotesque（怪诞）storiesofawidevarietyofcharactersincludingformerslavesordescendantsofslaves（奴隶后裔）,poorwhite,agrarian（农民的）orworking-classSoutherners,andSouthernaristocrats.WritingCharateristics-4•Syntax/Sentencestructure•themostnoticeablefeature•e.g.in“BarnBurning”...•Faulkner'ssentencestendtobelong,fullofinterruptions,butworkbasicallybystringingoutseeminglymeanderingsequencesofclausesAbouttheShortStory•ARoseforFamilyisoneofFaulkner'smostwidelyreadintheAmericanclassroom.•Somethinkitisabizarre(奇异的)storyaboutanoldeccentricladyinanAmericanSoutherntown.•Thet