4.-文本层次论指导下的翻译研究-以TheFirstSnow的翻译为例

9720107()JournalofGuangzhouUniversity(SocialScienceEdition)Vo.l9No.7Ju.l2010:20100402:(396-GK090035):(1969),,,,,文本层次论指导下的翻译研究以TheFirstSnow的翻译为例张保红(广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院,广东广州510420):以童庆炳提出的文本层次论为指导,以声音美节奏美意象美修辞美错综美感知美绘画美宁静美境界美等9大审美要素为内涵,研析了朗费罗的经典散文名篇TheFirstSnow翻译中的理解过程与表达过程,旨在为文学翻译批评与实践提供一个可资借鉴的范例:文本层次;审美鉴赏;初雪;翻译:H319.1:A:1671394X(2010)07009206一文本层次论简介!!!,,∀#:,,,,;,,!,!!!,(R.Ingarden):(1),;(2),;(3),,;(4),;(5),,,,,[1],,,[14]!,,,:(1),,()()(,)(2),(3),(),()[1]178-184,,!,!,19(H.W.Longfellow,1807-1882)TheFirstSnow,,TheFirstSnow:Thefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstrees,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow,andwhatseclusion!Everysoundwasmuffled,everynoisechangedtosomethingsoftandmusica.lNomoretrampinghoofs,nomorerattlingwheels!Onlythechmiingofsleighbells,beatingasswiftandmerrilyastheheartsofchildren.二审美鉴赏!,TheFirstSnow,9TheFirstSnow,16!,78!,9!!,89(),,,,,,,,118,53,45%,1表1含长元音双元音的词语统计表:iThe/trees/revealed/wheels/beating:firstousnow(2)/so/meadows/no(2)/onlyeicame(2)/day/graves/save/landscape/against/changed/sleighauhow/mountains/now/soundo:falling/all(3)/course/more(3)aisilently/night/white/by/winding/line/sky/silence/chimingu:roofs/too/seclusion/hoofsa:marked/branched/heartsju:beautiful/beauty/musical,,,,,,,2表2含辅音或流辅音的词语统计表ifalling/living/winding/tramping/rattling/chiming/beatingssnow(2)/silently/save/silence/seclusion/sound/sky/something/softsleigh/swiftlall/long/living/silently/children/merrily/sleighbells/only/wheels/rattling/musical/muffled/seclusion/silence/wonderful/fully/revealed/leaden/landscape/line/leaflesswwas/white/winding/wheels/with/wonderfulffirst/beautiful/hoofs/swift,,,(),(),,,-!,∃93∃7::1----2----,------,---,---,---,------,------!3-----,------------;----,-----------------4--,-,----,---!5----,--------6----,----!7-----,----------,7,:------,76,,!,,,,3(),,,,,,thefirstsnow!,!!!!,,:1)thefirstlove;2)thefirstkiss;3)thefirstladyseclusion,,:1)secludeoneselffromsociety;2)asecludedlife;3)asecludedspottheheartsofchildren,,theheartsofmen/women/youth,,(tone)(),,:1)allwhitesavetherivernotexcept!2)acrossthelandscapenotscenery!3)windingblacklinenottwisting!4)thechmiingofsleighbellsnotringing/jingling!,,,;,!,landscapeattractive,chmiingharmonious,:5)alldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!6)Everysoundwasmuffled,everynoisechangedtosomethingsoftandmusica.l7)Nomoretrampinghoofs,nomorerattlingwheels!,,,5),,onthemountains,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead,onthemeadows!,,(),:Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstrees,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.:/onthemountains/onthemeadows/ontheroofsoftheliv∃94∃()20109ing/onthegravesofthedead:/theriver/markeditscoursebyawindingblackline/thelandscape;/theleaflesstrees/theleadensky/thewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.,,,(),,,,:1)Howbeautifulitwas,%%,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead!onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsoftheliving,onthegravesofthedead,onthemountains,themeadows,theroofsofthelivingandthegravesofthedead!,,,:2)Allwhitesavetheriver,%%;andtheleaflesstrees,%%.,,!,,3)Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow,andwhatseclusion!%%.Nomoretrampinghoofs,nomorerattlingwheels!%%.(silence),;(seclusion),(fragmentedsentences),,()!!,!,:Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstrees,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.,,,,,,,,,,,,,():,!(∀送参寥师#),,,!(清吴雷发语),:,!:Everysoundwasmuffled,everynoisechangedtosomethingsoftandmusica.lNomoretrampinghoofs,nomorerattlingwheels!Onlythechmiingofsleighbells,%%.,,,,,,,%%,,,(),,,∃95∃7:,三翻译研究!!!,第一场雪第一场雪飘落,多么美啊!昼夜不停地下着,落在山岗,落在草场,落在世人的房顶,落在死人的墓地遍地皆白,只有河流像一条黑色的曲线穿过大地;叶子落光的大树映衬在铅灰色的天幕下,越发显得奇伟壮观,还有那错落有序的树枝下雪是多么寂寥,多么幽静!所有的声音都变得沉浊了,所有的噪音都变得轻柔而富有乐感没有得得的马蹄声,没有辚辚的车轮声,只能听到雪橇那欢快的铃声如童心在跳动[5],,,(),,,:/,/!////,/,/,//,//,!,,!,,,,,,!!(),!!!!!!!!!!!!!;!!!,,,()!!,thedead!muffled!everynoise!!!!,,,,,!(prmiaryeffect),,!,!,(),(pointofview):1),!,2),;,,,,3),!,,,4),,,......,......,!,,(),∃96∃()20109,初雪初雪飘然而至,真是美极了!它整日整夜静静地飘着,落在山岭上,落在草地上,落在生者的屋顶上,落在逝者的坟茔上天地皆白,惟有河流蜿蜒而去,在雪景上画出一道弯弯曲曲的墨线叶儿落净的大树在银灰色天幕的映衬下,枝丫盘错,更加显得奇伟壮观雪落无声幽寂安宁!一切声响都趋于沉寂,一切喧嚣都化作了轻柔的乐曲得得的马蹄声听不到了,辚辚的车轮声也消逝了,惟有雪橇的铃声在空中回荡,那明快的节奏犹如童心在欢跳四结语,,,,,,,,,,,,,[本文系广东省普通高校人文社会科学研究基地重大项目(2009)]&∋[1].()[M].:,2000.[2].[M].:,2005.[3].[M].:,2005.[4].[M].:,2002.[5].[M].:,2004.[6],.[M].:,2004.[7],.[M].:,2001.[]TranslationStudiesfromthePerspectiveofTextStructureTheoryWithspecialreferencetoH.W.LongfellowsworkTheFirstSnowanditsChine