套筒加工工艺及夹具设计

第1页共36页毕业设计题目套筒加工及夹具专业机电一体化班级机电双休（1）学生姓名汤凯丽指导教师潘丽敏2011年11月26日第2页共36页中文摘要零件的加工工艺编制，在机械加工中占有非常重要的地位，零件工艺编制得合不合理，这直接关系到零件最终能否达到质量要求；夹具的设计也是不可缺少的一部分，它关系到能否提高其加工效率的问题。因此这两者在机械加工行业中是至关重要的环节。套筒零件的主要加工表面为孔和外圆表面。外圆表面加工根据精度要要求可选择车削和磨削。孔加工方法的选择比较复杂，需要考虑零件的结构特点、孔径大小、长径比、精度和粗糙度要求以及生产规模等各种因素。对于精度要求较高的孔往往还要采用几种不同的方法顺次进行加工。本次设计的油缸，为保证孔的精度和表面质量将先后经过粗镗、半精镗、精镗和滚压等四道工序加工。在机床上对零件进行机械加工时，为保证工件加工精度，首先要保证工件在机床上占有正确的位置，然后通过夹紧机构使工件在正确位置上固定不动，这一任务就是由机床夹具完成。对于单件、小批量生产，应尽量使用通用夹具，这样可以降低工件的生产成本。但是由于通用夹具适用各种工件的装夹，所以夹紧时往往比较费时间，并且操作复杂，生产效率低，也难以保证加工精度，为此需设计专用夹具。关键词：工艺设计、基准选择、切削用量、定位误差第3页共36页ABSTRCTIsthecomponentscraftestablishment,holdstheveryimportantstatusinthemachine-finishing,thecomponentscraftestablishesreasonable,whetherdothisdirectrelationcomponentsachievethequalityrequirementfinally;Jig'sdesignisalsoanessentialpart,whetherdoesitrelateraisesitsprocessingefficiencythequestion.Thereforethisbothinthemachine-finishingprofessionaretheimportantlinks.Sleevecomponentsmainprocessingsurfaceforholeandouterannulussurface.Theouterannulusfaceworkneedstorequestaccordingtotheprecisiontobepossibletochoosetheturningandthegrinding.Theholeprocessingmethod'schoiceisquitecomplex,needstoconsiderthecomponentstheuniquefeature,theaperturesize,thelengthtodiameterratio,theprecisionandroughnessrequestaswellasthescaleofproductionandsooneachkindoffactor.Oftenmustuseseveraldifferentmethodsregardingtheaccuracyrequirementhighholetocarryontheprocessinginorder.Thisdesign'scylinder,willpassthroughhalffinishedboring,thefinishedboring,thefinearticulationandthetrundlesuccessivelyfortheguaranteehole'sprecisionandthesurfacequalityandsoonfourworkingprocedureprocessingsWhentheenginebedcarriesonthemachine-finishingtothecomponents,isguaranteedthattheworkpieceworkingaccuracy,firstneedstoguaranteetheworkpieceholdsthecorrectpositionontheenginebed,thencausestheworkpieceinthecorrectpositionthroughtheclamporganizationfixedmotionless,thisdutyiscompletesbytheenginebedjig.Regardingthesingleunit,thesmallbatchproduction,shouldusetheuniversaljigasfaraspossible,likethismayreducetheworkpiecetheproductioncost.Butbecausetheuniversaljigissuitableeachkindofworkpiecetheattiretoclamp,thereforetimeclampoftencomparesspendsthetime,andoperatescomplex,theproductionefficiencyislow,alsoguaranteestheworkingaccuracywithdifficulty,forthisreasonmustdesigntheunitclamp.Keyword:Craft,datum,cuttingspecifications,localizationdatum,positionerror.第4页共36页目录中文摘要.....................................................................................................................Ⅰ英文摘要.....................................................................................................................Ⅱ概述...............................................................................................................................1第一章零件的分析...................................................................................................31.1零件的作用.........................................................................................................31.2零件的工艺分析..................................................................................................31.2.1加工方法的选择..............................................................................................31.2.2保证套筒表面位置精度的方法.........................................................................31.2.3防止套筒变形的工艺措施................................................................................4第二章工艺规程的设计...........................................................................................52.1确定毛坯的制造形式...........................................................................................52.2基准的选择.........................................................................................................52.2.1粗基准的选择.................................................................................................52.2.2精基准的选择.................................................................................................52.3制定工艺路线......................................................................................................52.4机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯的确定...............................................................62.5确定切削用量及基本工时....................................................................................82.5.1工序1配料（35钢）...............................................................................82.5.2工序2车....................................................................................................82.5.3工序3深孔推镗......................................................................................142.5.4工序4滚压孔..........................................................................................162.5.5工序5车..................................................................................................162.5.6工序6检查...............................................................................................19第三章夹具设计......................................................................................................203.1概述......................................