机床误差及其误差补偿技术

:1672-4348(2004)04-0409-041,2,1(1.,350014;2.,710072)::;;;;:TH164:AErroranderrorcompensationtechnologyofmachinetoolsZHANYou-ji1,LEQing-hong2,JIAMin-zhong1(1.ElectromechanicalandAutomationEngineeringDepartment,FujianUniversityofTechnology,Fuzhou350014,China;2.SchoolofElectromechanicalEngineering,NorthwesternPolytechnicUniversity,Xian710072,China)Abstract:Asurveyontheerroranderrorcompensationtechnology(ECT)ofmachinetoolsispresented.Asoneofthemostimportanttrendstoimprovethecuttingaccuracyofmachinetools,thekeytechnology,applicationstatus,difficultiesexistingintheimplementingprocessandfutureprospectsoferrorcompen2sationtechnologyareanalyzedandintroduced.Keywords:machinetools;geometricerror;thermalerror;cutting-forceinducederror;errorcompensati2ontechnology,,,,,,,11.1,,[1],,,,,:(),(),,,,,:2004-03-30:(1972-),(),,.24Vol.2No.4200412JournalofFujianUniversityofTechnologyDec.20041.2:,,1):,,2):,3):,,4):,5)(MRA,MultipleRegressionAnalysis):,6)(NN,NeuralNetwork):,2,:;;;;;;;;,[2][3],1,:,1Fig.1Themajorerrorsofamachinetoolandtheireffects33.1,,:;;;;3.1.1,,21,6(123),3,22YFig.2TheerrorcomponentsofYdirectionfora3-axisCNCmachinetool3.1.2[4],,,,01423.1.3[5],,,,()()44Tx,TYTZ,44TXZTYZxyT,E:E=TXZ+TYZ+TX+TY+TZ[3],3,,3,21,3.1.43,CNC(ComputerNumericalControl)3Fig.3Thecompensationsystemforgeometricerrors3.23.2.1:;;;;;3.2.2,,,,,[6]A),,[6]:a);b);c),,;d)B)a),;b),;c),;d)3.2.3M.H.Attia[7]:;();;,,1144,,,,,,3.2.44,CNC4Fig.4Thecompensationsystemforthermalerrors3.3,,,,,,,,5:CNC3.4,,[8],5Fig.5Thecompensationsystemforcutting-forceinducederrors44.1,,,,:1),2)3),PC,CNC,,4),,,4.2,(439)2142,,,,,,25%4),,,5),,,,,,0.5,6),,0.6(),1.2,1.0%[2]5,7-,,,,:[1]GB50011-2000,[S].[2]JGJ3-2002,[S].(412)(MTTF,MachineToolTaskForce):1),2)3)4)5)():[1]HuangPS.On-lineErrorCompensationofCoordinateMeasuringMachines[J].InternationalJournalofMachineToolsandManu2facture,1995,35(5):725738.[2]NiJ.CNCMachineAccuracyEnhancementthroughReal-timeErrorCompensation[J].ASMETransJournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1997,119:717724.[3].[J].,1995,16(3):202205.[4]LeeES.AComprehensiveMethodforCalibrationofVolumetricPositioningAccuracyonCNCMachines[J].TheInternationalJournalofAdvancedManufacturingTechnology,1998,14:4349.[5].[J].,2002,(11):79.[6].[J].,2000,36(1):9295.[7]AttiaMH.ThermometricDesignConsiderationsforTemperatureMonitoringinMachineToolsandCMMStructures[J].TheInterna2tionalJournalofAdvancedManufacturingTechnology,1993,8:311319.[8]HockenbergerMJ.TheApplicationofMeta-functiontotheQuasi-staticAnalysisofWorkpieceDisplacementwithinaMachiningFixture[J].JournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1996,118:325331.9344