性别失衡背景下的社会风险放大及其治理_基于群体性事件的案例分析_

性别失衡背景下的社会风险放大及其治理))),(,710049):,,;,,,,,,:;;;:C939:A:1002-9753(2010)05-0152-09TheAmplificationofSocialRiskandItsControlUndertheContextofGenderImbalance:CaseStudyofMassDisturbanceLIUHui-jun,LIShu-zhuo(InstituteforPopulationandDevelopmentStudies,XipanJiaotongUniversity,Xipan,Shaanxi,710049,China)Abstract:Toidentifytheinfluencingmechanismbetweengenderimbalanceandpublicsafety,thispaperfirstlydescribesthemainformsofsocialrisksintransformingsocietyandthepathsthatgenderimbalanceamplifiesthesocialrisks.Sec2ondly,thepaperproposesaframeworkofsocialrisksamplificationingenderimbalancedsocietybasedonthetheoryofsocialriskamplification.Finally,basedonapplyingthisframeworktoacasestudy,theprincipalamplifyingpathofsocialrisksisexploredandsomestrategiesforemergencyadministrationareputforward.Keywords:GenderImbalance;Risk;SocialStability;SocialAmplification;MassDisturbance,,,10,,2080,,,/0,203559[1]2005120,2030,6247,2005106,3173:2009-08-09:2010-05-12:(08&ZD048);/0(IRT0855):(1975-),,,,15220105[2],,,,[3],[4],,,,,#(R.Kasperson)/(TheoryfortheSocialAmplificationofRisk)0,:(),,,,[5],,,,,,[6]1.,[7],,,/0,,,,2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3.[3],,,,,,,,4.,,,,,,,,,,,153#;,,,,,(),,,,[8],1.,,,,,[9-10],,,,,2.,,,,,,,,[11]3.,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,1988,,,,,1,(,),,,,154201051[12]:,,Slovic/0[13],:;,:;;;():,,[14][15-18],,,,[19],,,(2),,,/0,[20]2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,155#2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,;,,,,,,,Slovic/0:,[21],,,[22],,,20061230156201052,16,,/0,,,,:,,,2007115,,,,,,117,4,,13,,,,,,/1#170,18,,,,25,/0,,14,9,8,,,,,,,,():,,,,,,,,,,,/0():,,,,[23],,,,,,,():,,,,,,,,,,,,157#,,,,,,[24]():,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0/0,:,,,,/0/5#120[25],,/0,[26],,,,[27],,,,(),,:,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,[28],,,,,,(),,,,,15820105,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1],,#.)))[J].,2006,(4):1-8.[2],,.[J].,2006,(2):59-64.[3].[A].74[C].:,2006.61-78.[4],.(1993-2004)[J].,2006(6):46-54.[5],.[J].,2008,(4):186-189.[6].[J].,2008,(2):38-41.[7],.[J].,2007,(10):129-135.[8],.$$[J].(),2009,(6):28-40.[9].)))[J].,2005,(5):17-22.[10].[J].,2002,26(2):57-60.[11]#,#,#..[M].:,2004.107-109.[12]KaspersonRE,RennO,SlovicP,eta.lTheSocialAm2plificationofRisk:AConceptualFramework[J].RiskAnaly2sis,1988,8(2):177-187.[13]Slovic,P.,Perceptionofrisk[J].Science,1987,236:280-285.[14]#E..:[A].#.[M].:,2005.[15]BreakwellGM.,BarnettDJ.Theimpactofsocialampli2ficationofriskonriskcommunication[R].Health&safetyexec2utivereport,2001.[16]KaspersonRE,KaspersonJX.TheSocialAmplificationandAttenuationofRisk[J].AnnalsoftheAmericanAcademyofPoliticalandSocialScience,1996,545:95-105.[17]Renn.SocialAmplificationofRiskinParticipation:Twocasestudies[A].PidgeonN.,KaspersonR.E.,SlovicP.TheSocialAmplificationofRisk[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUni2versityPress,2003:374-401.[18]OlurominiyiOI,AlvinMK,PijawkacD.Socialandpo2liticalamplificationoftechnologicalhazards:ThecaseofthePEPCONexplosion[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2004,114:15-25.[19]KrimskyS,GoldingD.SocialTheoriesofRisk[M].Lon2don:GreenwoodPress,1992:163-165.159#[20],.[J].(),2009,(6):41-50.[21].)))S[J].,2007,(5):129-136.[22].)))[J].,2009,(1):69-78.[23].[J].,2009,(1):44-49.[24].[J].(),2009,(3):54-60.[25],.[J].,2009,21(3):37-40.[26].)))[J].(),2007,(2):26-30.[27],.[J].,2006,(2):1-4.[28].:[J].(),2008,(2):80-84.(:)(73):[1]863)))[EB/OL].[2]http:/[3].)))[M].:,2006:268.[4],,.:[J].,2002,22(2):22-27.[5],,.[J].,2003,17(2):22-24.[6]GuyK,ArnoldE.StrategicOptionsfortheEvaluationoftheR&DProgrammesoftheEuropeanUnion(1998)[R/OL].[7],.)))ATP[J].,2002(7):527.[8].[J].,2005(2):142-144.[9],.[J].,2004,26(6):46-49.[10],.:[J].,2002,22(2):22-27.[11],,.[J].,2003(5):24-27.[12],.[J].,2004,122(2):151-157.[13]ATPActiveandCompletedProjectsbyState[EB/OL].[14].:[J].,2009(3).[15]Tassey,Gregory.MethodsforAccessingtheEconomicIm2pactofGovernmentR&D(NISTPlanningReport03-1).Gaithersburg,MD:NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnol2ogy,2003.[16][17]IrvineJ.EvaluatingAppliedResearch.London:LessonsfromJapan,1988.[18]SingletonSolveig,SlivinskiStephen.EncouragingRe2search:TakingPoliticsoutofR&D,Part3,CaseStudy:TheAdvancedTechnologyProgram.=5089&full=1.[19].[J]..2007,28():26-29.[20],,.[J].,2007,43(4):131-134.(:)16020105