直接引语变间接引语讲解ppt

直接引语与间接引语Directspeech&Reportedspeech直接引语：直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。间接引语：转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句直接引语与间接引语的定义妈妈说:”杰克是个好工人“.Mothersaid:”Jackisagoodworker.”妈妈说杰克是个好工人。MothersaidthatJackwasagoodworker直接引语：间接引语Directspeech:Indirectspeech:一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。•“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：•Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.”•→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”→Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1)一般现在时→一般过去时态；Shesaid:“Iamastudent.”→Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般将来时→过去将来时Shesaid,Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”→Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。Tomsaid,“Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.3)现在进行时→过去进行时；Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.”→Shesaidshewasreadingabook.注意：以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。TheteachersaidTheearthmovesaroundthesun.”→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.→JacksaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could,should,would,might）Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybeforetoday变为thatdayHesaid,”Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，here变thereTheteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”例：this改为thatHesaid,Thisbooksismine.“→Hesaidthatbookwashis.ago—before;thismorning—thatmorningYesterday—thedaybefore;tomorrow—thenextdaynextweek—thefollowingweek/thenextweekYesterdaymorning—themorningbefore谓语动词的变化:直接引语:Must;Come;bring间接引语:hadto;go;takeShesaid,Iwillcomeherethisevening.”Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening1、直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变：thisthatthesethose直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化•here•overhere•tonight•now•today•yesterday•tomorrow•lastweek/month/year…•nextweek/month/year…•…ago•thedayaftertomorrow•this•these•come•bring•there•overthere•thatnight•then•thatday•thedaybefore•thenextday•theweek/moth/year…before…•thenextweek/month/year…•…before•twodayslater•that•those•go•take（1）Shesaid“I’llcomethisevening.”Shesaid(that)shewouldgothatevening.（2）Mysistersaidtome,“I’mleavingtomorrow.”Mysistertoldme(that)shewasleavingthenextday.（3）Hesaid,“Mymotherisnotherenow.”Hesaid(that)hismotherwasnottherethen.（4）Nancysaid,”Iamveryhappytoday.”Nancysaid(that)shewasveryhappythatday.1.直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:that不变(that可省略)四、如何变句型Whendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhehadmath.2.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语陈述句语序（即主语在前，谓语在后）“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeIwasdoing.what“WhydoyoulikeEnglish?”HeaskedmeIlikedEnglishwhy“Wheredoeshelive?”Sheaskedmehelived.whereDoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhehadmath.3.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语注意：与or或ornot连用时，不用if，要用whether.陈述句语序（即主语在前，谓语在后）“Doyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeIknewhername.Whether/if是否Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyoucanplaythepiano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhecouldplaythepiano.“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedmeIcouldhelpher.Whether/ifAreyouateacher?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouareateacheryouareateacher.hewasTheyaskedhimwhetherhewasateacher.“Areyouready?”SheaskedmeIwasready.Whether/if4.直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。Shesaid,“Don’ttalk.”SheaskedthechildrenShesaid,“Bequiet.”SheaskedmeShesaid,“Putupyouhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.Shetoldustoputupourhandsifwehadanyquestions.tobequiet.nottotalk.Exercise1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.3.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______methertheday______.4.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.5.“Areyouinterestedinthis?”hesaid.He____________Iwasinterestedin______.6.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme_________________himthenews.heaterisesgoestoldhadbeforehadthereaskedifthattonottell1.Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme________________interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_________________buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme__________________born.4.“What’swrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme__________________with_____.E