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时态一、定义:在英语中,发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表示,这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。不同时间一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时一般将来时二、时态的种类:初中常见的6种时态概念:常用时间状语:构成形式:1.一般现在时态(TheSimplePresentTense)表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。1.be2.v.原形3.v.-s/es(第三人称单数)everyday,always,usually,often,sometimes,onSundays,threetimesaday,etc2.动词第三人称单数的变化规则一般情况下,在动词原形后加-sruns,likes以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词,在词尾加-esteach—teacheswash—washes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-esstudy—studiestry—tries不规则变化:have,be等例如:Theyhavelunchat12:00.陈述句Theydon’thavelunchat12:00.否定句Dotheyhavelunchat12:00?一般疑问句主语是非三单人称变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。3.一般现在时--句型变化一般现在时--句型变化•2)三单人称做主语的•变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t;•变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。•例如:JennyspeaksEnglishverywell.陈述句Jennydoesn’tspeakEnglishverywell.否定句DoesJennyspeakEnglishverywell?一般疑问句我一到达那儿,就会给你写信。——————————————————————4.一般现在时的注意点:1、表客观事实或普遍真理Theearth_____(go)roundthesun.2、在when,assoonas,until,after,before等到引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llhaveapicnic.goes如果明天不下雨,我们将去野餐。——————————————————I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.直击中考1.Boboften___hismotherwiththehouseworkonSundays.A.helpB.helpingC.helps2.–HowisMikenow?--Don’tworry.Hewillcallusassoonashe___theUSA.A.getsB.reachesC.willget3.I’lltalktohimwhenhe____.A.comesB.willcomeC.cameCBA概念:常用时间状语:构成形式:2.一般过去时态(TheSimplePastTense)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态V+edyesterday,justnow,last…,thismorning,…ago,etc2.动词过去式的规则变化一般情况下,在动词原形后加-edwork—workedhelp--helped以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-edcarry—carriedstudy--studied以e结尾的动词,直接加-dlive—livedlike--liked以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-edstop—stoppedplan--planned一般过去时的注意点:1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继发生过的动作Ialwaysgotuptoolate,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.2、since从句中常用一般过去时Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelast______(meet).met返回目录BA1.—Hello,mum.AreyoustillonLushanMountain?Oh,no.Wearebackhome.We____areallygoodjourney.A.haveB.hadC.arehaving2.—When___you_____here?—Twodaysago.A.did;comeB.have;comeC.do;come概念:常用时间状语:构成形式:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态tomorrow,inthreedays,this…,next…,soon,etc.1.will+do/be2.am/is/aregoingto+do3.am/is/are+doing3.一般将来时态(TheSimpleFutureTense)Lookatthedarkclouds,it_________rain.Tomorrow_______beAprilFool’sDay.一般将来时的注意点:willisgoingto4.现在进行时态(ThePresentContinuousTense)概念:常用时间状语:表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作now,listen,look,rightnow,thesedays,atthismoment,etcam/is/are+doing构成形式:一般在动词原形后+ing以不发音的e结尾的,去e,+ing重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的,双写这一字母+ing动词-ing形式的构成:writingtakinggettingrunningswimminggoinggoaskwritetakegetrunswimasking现在进行时的注意点:2.表达状态、感情和感觉的动词不能用进行时。如:中know,be,want,think,see,hear,like,hope,love,have1.在表达时,切记不要忘了be动词。am/is/aredoing概念:常用时间状语:构成形式:5.过去进行时态(ThePastContinuousTense)表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。was/were+doing①atthistimeyesterday,fromseventoninelastnight,atthatmoment,etc②When引导的时间状语从句IwasreadingabookwhenJimcalled.③While引导的时间状语从句TheUFOtookoffwhilethemanwastakingphotos.A.概念:构成形式:6.现在完成时态(ThePresentPerfectTense)发生在过去且对现在仍有影响的动作,强调对现在的影响.have/has+done1.Canyougotothemovieswithmetonight?Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.2.---Ihavelearnedhowtomakedumplingsbefore.常用时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,B.1.表示某个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,有可能在将来还要延续。2.主语+has/have+done+for/sinceIhavetaughtEnglishfor21years.since1992sinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Hehasbeenawayfromhishomefor40years.3.动词必须为可延续性动词leave=beawayfrombegin=beonarrive=beinborrow=keepbuy=have…C.1.Has/have+beento(曾经到过某地,人已回来)IhavebeentoHangzhoumanytimes.2.Has/have+goneto(去了某地,人在路上或在目的地)…WhereisMr.Green?…HehasgonetoLondon.D.常见句型Itis+一段时间+since从句(一般过去时).Itisthreedayssincetheyborrowedthatbook.现在完成时的注意点:1.havebeento,havebeenin和havegoneto的区别2.短暂性动词和持续性动词1).Tom____never____toAmerica2).----IsTinaathome?----Sorry,she________Shanxi,andshe________thereforthreedays.译下列句子:3、这本书他买了一年了4、这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广州六年了。Hehasboughtthisbookforayear.Hehashadthisbookforayear.Hehasborrowedthebookforthreedays.Hehaskeptthebookfor3days.WehaveleftGuangzhoufor6years.WehavebeenawayfromGuangzhoufor6years.×××短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成持续性动词返回目录1.(’13衡阳28题)---Lookatthesestamps.I____themforfiveyears.---Wow,theyarewonderful.A.keptB.havekeptC.havebought2.(’11衡阳25题)---MayIspeaktoMary?---Sorry,sheisn’tin.She____toJapanandwillcomebackintwoweeks.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.isgoingBB3.(’10衡阳24题)Dashan____ChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksgoodChinesenow.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.learns4.(’09衡阳26题)He____fortwomonths.Ihopehewillbebacksoon.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.left返回目录BBIII.动词时态专项突破及应试对策•专项突破:1,慧眼识别标志词Eg.()1,---Shallwegoshoppingnow?---Sorry,Ican’t.I________myshirts.A,washB,washesC,amwashingD,washed.()2,“Hero”isawonderfulmovie.I______ittwicealready.A,willseeB,seeC,sawD,haveseen.特别提醒:敏锐捕捉时间标志词,并结合具体的语境,选择出正确的动词时态,是解决此类问题的良策。请同学们熟记各种常用时态所对应的时间状语及标志词。CD2,瞻前顾后巧搭配利用上下文所提供的信息,瞻前顾后,选择正确的动词形式。Eg.()1,---Howwasyourweekendonthefarm?---Great!We_____withthefarmer.A,enjoyourselves.B,wentfishingC,willworkD,makefriends这种情况也非常适用“用所给词适当形式填空”中。2,---Whatareyoudoing,Jim?----I____________(draw)abeautifulhorse.3,I________(hear)asoundandgotup.Bamdrawingheard3,主从时态须呼应如果所给的题干是主从复合句,可根据主从时态呼应原则确定正确的时态Eg.()1,I____theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorrow.A,willreturnB,returnedC,havereturnedD,ret
本文标题:中考时态复习课件资料
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