绝缘距离安规

InsulationRequirementAccordingtoIEC60950安規距離計算-1直線及沿面•直線距離：Clearancedistance=CL定義：任何可能之最短路徑，且CL≦CR。•沿面距離：Creepagedistance=CR定義：攀爬物體表面之最短路徑。安規距離計算-1.1直線及沿面•如果導體之間利用絕緣作為阻隔，但是在無法確保兩個不同物質間之連結性，故其CL/CR的計算方式如下：•利用開槽來延伸CR，則X必須大於1mm，例：安規距離計算-2工作電壓決定距離ACtoDCProduct,=150Vac•CL：輸入電壓≦150Vac的產品，例如輸入為100-127Vac，其基準值為：B/I=1.0mmR/I=2.0mm；若Peak電壓高於210Vpk，則必須加上其額外值！如右圖：例：Vpk=302，則B/I=1.0+0.2=1.2mmR/I=2.0+0.4=2.4mm安規距離計算-3工作電壓決定距離ACtoDCProduct,=300Vac•CL：輸入電壓＞150Vac≦300Vac的產品，例如輸入為100-127Vac/200-240Vacor100-240Vac，其基準值為：B/I=2.0mmR/I=4.0mm；若Peak電壓高於420Vpk，則必須加上其額外值！如右圖：例：Vpk=604，則B/I=2.0+0.3=2.3mmR/I=4.0+0.6=4.6mm安規距離計算-4工作電壓決定距離DCtoDCProduct,=210Vdc•CL：輸入≦210Vdc的DCtoDCConverter，例如輸入為36to75Vdc，則基準值為：B/I=1.0mmR/I=2.0mm；如右圖：例：Vdc=96，則B/I=1.0mmR/I=2.0mm安規距離計算-5操作高度與直線距離之關係•依據研究及IEC60664-1的規範，越高海拔的大氣壓力越小，所以必須加長直線距離，用以符合原始所需之安規要求，如下圖，以海拔10,000英呎(3,048公尺)為例，最終直線距離CL必須乘上海拔係數1.15倍。安規距離計算-6工作電壓決定距離Creepage(CR):沿面距離•沿面距離可使用線性內插法。VrmsorVdcLowlimitVrmsHighlimitVrmsRequestCR(B/I)3763004003.8LowlimitCRHighlimitCRRequestCR(R/I)3.247.6！點入試算安規距離計算-6.1線性內插法。內插法通常定義爲根據”二個已知值估計出中間值”。線性內插法在二個已知資料點間畫一條直線，新的資料點就位於這條直線上，具體位置要根據其值與二個端點之一的接近程度確定。ScVcVaVcVbScSaxf)()()()(例如:Vrms=280時,沿面距離為3.0mm.5.2)250300()250280()5.22.3()(xf查表2H,2J及2L取得沿面(CR)及直線距離(CL)traceinsulationCRCLA-CBasic2.882.0C-EReinforced4.764.0B-EReinforced6.204.0+0.2A-BBasic2.582.0A-DBasic2.382.0B-CFuntional2.401.5+0.1C-DFunctional3.611.5+0.1A-FBasic2.402.0若兩點間的RMS電壓小於ACINPUTMAX.VOLTAGE,則兩點取MAX.INPUTVOLTAGE總結A.CL要依據以下來確定:1.絕緣類型2.INPUTVOLTAGERANGE;3.WORKINGVOLTAGE(Vpeak);4.PollutionDegree;(DeltaselectPollutionDegree3.);5.Altitude;6.計算方法:CL=A+B(A:MinimumvaluefromTable2H,accordingtothemainsvoltage;B:AdditionalvaluefromTable2J,accordingtotheactualpeakworkingvoltage,A,B取值應看大)B.CR要依據以下來確定:1.絕緣類型;2.WORKINGVOLTAGE(Vrms);3.PollutionDegree;(DeltaselectPollutionDegree2.);4.MaterialGroup;5.計算方法:利用Table2L已知兩點列直線方程求中間點.SafetyRequirementsforTransformersConstruction-Materials-Insulation-MarkingsPerformance-Temperature-AbnormalTests-ElectricStrengthTest1RequirementsofConstruction-MaterialsUL/CSA-AppropriateInsulationSystemshallbeadopted-ULR/CaccordingtoUL1446-Dependingontemperatureperformancerequirementofdifferentapplications(ClassB,ClassF…,etc.)-MaterialslimitedtotheInsulationSystemOtherCertifiers–No“InsulationSystem”requirement-ClassificationofinsulationmaterialsaccordingtoIEC60085-Materialofthelowesttemperatureratingdominates-ULR/Cmaterialsaccepted,e.g.tapes,bobbins.RequirementsofConstruction–Materials(con’d)RequirementsofConstruction–InsulationGeneral–BasedonWorkingVoltage-Clearance:(basedonVpk)A=MinimumvaluefromTable2H(page29),accordingtothemainsvoltageB=AdditionalvaluefromTable2J(page30),accordingtotheactualpeakworkingvoltageRequiredclearance=A+B-Example:1.Equipmentrated100-240Vac2.Measuredmaximumworkingvoltage600VpkA=4mm,B=0.6mmDeterminedclearance=4.6mm-Exception:Ifworkingenvironmentofaltitudeabove2000misspecified,AnnexGshallbeconsidered.RequirementsofConstruction–Insulation(con’d)ExampleofCreepageDetermination:1.Measuredworkingvoltage=360Vrms2.PollutionDegree23.MaterialGroupIIRequiredcreepagedistance=2XFromTable2L:(400–300)/(2.8-2.2)=(360–300)/(X-2.2)X=2.56≒2.6Requiredcreepage=5.2mmRequirementsofConstruction–Insulation(con’d)WoundComponents–Triple-InsulatedWires-Minimum3constructionlayersshallapplyforReinforcedInsulation-PassesAnnexUtests(InsulatedWindingWiresforUseWithoutInterleavedInsulation)-Wheretwowirescrosseachotheratananglebetween45˚-90˚,anadditionalphysicalseparationshallbeprovided,e.g.bysheetmaterial.45˚-90˚RequirementsofConstruction–Insulation(con’d)Core-Usuallyconsideredas“floating”allsurroundingcomponentsshallkeepBasic/SupplementaryInsulationfromcore.-Someconsideredasprimary/secondaryallcomponentsonoppositesideshallkeepReinforcedInsulationfromcore.RequirementsofConstruction–MarkingCompanynameortrademark“E115982”FactoryLocation-“DCGM”-“DET”-“DEIC”-“DEIT”-“DCWM”SystemDesignation-“MP-130B”-“MP-130G”-“MP-130I”…etc.