完形填空解题技巧-(2)

年份体裁题材作者学习美式手语的经历及感受。运输司机冒险救援事故车辆。2017记叙文2016记叙文2015记叙文（夹叙夹议）奉献爱心，助人为乐。（赠人玫瑰，手留余香）【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】技巧点拨1.注意上下文语境（context)词汇复现、同现2.运用词义辨析（comparison）3.掌握习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）4.掌握熟词生义（newmeanings）4.了解背景常识（commonsense）5.运用语法分析（grammaranalysis)跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破完形填空的解题步骤把握整体具体分析1、跳读—领会大意（2－3分钟）速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。完形填空解题三部曲:跳读---试填---复核词汇题1.复现同现词语复现词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的，词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现（又叫同根词复现）、同义或近义词复现（包括与近义词的同根词复现，如ill与sickness）、上下义词复现（即总括与分述，如food是bread、milk、rice等的上义词；r是flower的下义词）等。1.(2017全国卷I)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.....Afterthat,feelingtheneedto__52___further,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub’smeetings.52.A.exerciseB.exploreC.expressD.explain原词,同根词重现.2.(2015全国卷I)Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima__47__.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere__48(low)__oncashourselves,but……WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54(whatever)__hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.47.A.dollarB.jobC.hotmealD.giftcardthegiftcard原词重现3.(广东卷)therearemanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby'sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather'sclotherswerejusttwooftherecommended___27____.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods解析:methods与前文中的ways同义词复现4.(2017全国卷II)Ihadadvisedthekidsthatwhileverbsmaybedull,mostofthe___50_thingstheydothroughouttheirliveswillbeverbs.50.A.simpleB.uniqueC.funD.clever解析:fun与dull为反义词复现5.(2011四川卷)Wefellinlove.Inthebeginning,Ididn’twanttodiscuss_____,becausethesadnessoflosingMumstillfeltgreat.Paulunderstoodthatandneverpushedmebut,bysummer,wegotmarried.A.travelB.businessC.childrenD.marriage解析：marriage与文中的married属同根词复现。6.(湖北卷)hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother______,speciallyherhearing.....A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.senses解析:senses为hearing的上义词复现7.Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadteacherthoughtIwas_____andwhenIwas14hesaid,“Youarenevergoingtobeanythingbutafailure.”A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopefulB利用首句信息8.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoor,studentswhoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton____.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlierB词语同现。词语同现：某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的性，叫词语同现，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如：differentvssame,cruelvsfriendly,death&destruction9.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrowsandpale…A.sickB.slimC.shortD.smallA解析：与pale同现的单词，应该是sick。10.On_____days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy解析:与heavyclothes和woolengloves同现的应该是snowydays。D2.词义辨析1.(2017全国卷I)IwatchedastheASLClub__47__theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery__48___ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking___49___me.47.A.recordedB.performedC.recitedD.discussed48.A.ideaB.amountC.dreamD.reason49.A.disturbedB.supportedC.embarrassedD.attracted解析：根据句中的关键词watch可知，作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(perform)。record记录;recite背诵;discuss讨论.48题和49题手部动作和无须用语言交流的想法（idea）吸引（attract）了我。2.Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas1andthesametimefeelinglonely..1.A.helplessB.lazyC.anxiousD.tired解析：在把握上文“我提着衣箱缓慢地上楼梯”的情况下，可知答案为D.tired，即当我到达三楼时，已经很累了；3.(2017全国卷II)In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday27kids______“TheThinkingLaboratory.A.builtB.enteredC.decoratedD.ran解析：根据上文一句，作者在一所小学教学，孩子门当然是每天进入（enter）思想实验室了。built建造;decorate装饰；run跑步，经营4.(2014全国卷I）Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon54.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afewhoursof“disability”gavemeonlyatasteofthe55(challenges),bothphysicalandmental,thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.54.A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished语境-词义辨析3.习惯用法和固定搭配2.(2014全国I)Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going语境-固定搭配playwith(toys)243.(2012全国新课标)Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords…36.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.furtherActionspeakslouderthanwords.习语谚语:事实胜于雄辩4.熟词生义4.TodayIdecidedtolookuptheword“hero”inthedictionarytoseeexactlywhatitmeant.It_____“apersonwhodoessomethingbrave”.AsIreadon,italsosaid“apersonwhoisgoodandnoble”．A.wroteB.toldC.describedD.readreadvt.(指示牌等)写着，（仪器等）显示4.生活常识和文化背景1.（2013全国卷I）AssoonasIsatdown,my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42（locked）.41.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight生活常识常识、背景知识2.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglishnotChinese，thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37(aside),…36.A.customB.gamesC.charactersD.language3：Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir1.Thiswasthebeginningofanother2dayinNewYorkCity.1.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices2.A.workingB.hotC.sameD.ordinary解析：按生活经验，人们起床后，各自奔向自己的工作岗位。而这种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此2题答案是D.ordinary。A.jobsD.ordinary4.WhenIwasjust20monthsold,Isufferedserious__13(burn)_afterabowlofhotoilfellonmyhead.Iwas__14__tohospitalandhadtostaythereforweekswhilethedoctors___15__formylife.14.A.rushedB.ledC.invitedD.forced15.A.learnedB.foughtC.returnedD.decided解析