vlan故障排除

1北京理工大学珠海学院实验报告ZHUHAICAMPAUSOFBEIJINGINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY班级学号姓名指导教师成绩实验题目VLAN配置故障排除实验时间2014.5.14.拓扑图地址表设备接口IP地址子网掩码默认网关S1VLAN56192.168.56.11255.255.255.0不适用S2VLAN56192.168.56.12255.255.255.0不适用S3VLAN56192.168.56.13255.255.255.0不适用PC1网卡192.168.10.21255.255.255.0192.168.10.1PC2网卡192.168.20.22255.255.255.0192.168.20.1PC3网卡192.168.30.23255.255.255.0192.168.30.1PC4网卡192.168.10.24255.255.255.0192.168.10.1PC5网卡192.168.20.25255.255.255.0192.168.20.1PC6网卡192.168.30.26255.255.255.0192.168.30.12端口分配（交换机2和3）端口分配网络Fa0/1-0/5VLAN56-Management&Native192.168.56.0/24Fa0/6-0/10VLAN30-Guest(Default)192.168.30.0/24Fa0/11-0/17VLAN10-Faculty/Staff192.168.10.0/24Fa0/18-0/24VLAN20-Students192.168.20.0/24学习目标找出网络错误并改正记录改正后的网络简介在本练习中，您将练习对配置错误的VLAN环境进行故障排除。最初给出的网络有错误。您的目标是找出并纠正配置中的所有错误，建立端到端的连接。您最终的配置应当符合拓扑图和地址表。除enablesecret口令设置为class外，其它所有口令均设置为cisco。任务1：找出网络错误并改正当所有错误都得到更正后，属于相同VLAN的PC之间应该可以相互ping通。另外，S1、S2和S3应该能够相互ping通。S1错误：vlan10nameFaculty/Staffvlan20nameStudentsvlan30nameGuest(Default)vlan56nameManagement&Native!用户往往会忘记在一些交换机上创建某个特定的VLAN，尤其对没有端口属于该VLAN的交换机更是如此。showvlan命令可揭示此问题。!interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchporttrunknativevlan56interfaceFastEthernet0/2switchporttrunknativevlan56!忘记此命令导致本征VLAN不匹配。交换机上会随之发生错误。结果造成VLAN56的数据无法正确在交换机之间传递。S2错误：interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchportmodetrunk!不小心将这些端口配置为接入端口可能导致运行出错。该端口被配置为VLAN1的接入端口（默认），但该中继的本征VLAN是56，因此会导致VLAN56的流量被发送到VLAN1。showinterfacestrunk命令可揭示这一点。!interfaceVlan1noipaddress!默认VLAN被配置为管理VLAN。如果在中继链路上犯的错误没有得到纠正，那么该地址3能够被用户访问。而这样的配置是错误的。!interfaceVlan56ipaddress192.168.56.12255.255.255.0noshutdown!没有配置正确的管理VLAN，IP地址设置在了默认VLAN上。showipinterfacebrief命令可揭示此问题。S3错误：vlan56nameManagement&Native!没有配置管理VLAN。当为VLAN配置了SVI时，用户往往会误以为该VLAN已经存在。!interfaceFastEthernet0/6switchportaccessvlan30interfaceFastEthernet0/11switchportaccessvlan10interfaceFastEthernet0/18switchportaccessvlan20!!端口没有分配给各自所属的VLAN。这一点很明显，因为连接到此交换机的所有主机都能相互访问对方，原因就是它们都在默认VLAN中。通过showvlan命令即可发现此问题。!interfaceVlan56ipaddress192.168.56.13255.255.255.0noshutdown!如果没有IP地址，便无法通过管理VLAN访问此设备。通过showipinterfacebrief命令即可明显察觉缺少此命令。任务2：记录改正后的网络交换机1hostnameS1noipdomain-lookupenablesecretclass!vlan10,20,30,56!interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunknoshutdown!interfaceFastEthernet0/2switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/3switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/4switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/5switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/6shutdowninterfaceVlan56ipaddress192.168.56.11255.255.255.0noiproute-cache!linecon0passwordciscologinlinevty04nologinlinevty515passwordciscologin!end交换机2hostnameS2noipdomain-lookup4enablesecretcisco!vlan10,20,30,56!interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/2switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/3switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/4switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/5switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/6switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/7switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/8switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/9switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/10switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/11switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/12switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/13switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/14switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/15switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/16switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/17switchportaccessvlan10switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/18switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/19switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/20switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/21switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/22switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/23switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceFastEthernet0/24switchportaccessvlan20switchportmodeaccess!interfaceVlan56ipaddress192.168.56.12255.255.255.0!linecon0passwordciscologinlinevty04passwordciscologinlinevty515passwordciscologin!end交换机3hostnameS3noipdomain-lookupenablesecretclass!vlan10,20,30,56!interfaceFastEthernet0/1switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/2switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/3switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/4switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/5switchporttrunknativevlan56switchportmodetrunk!interfaceFastEthernet0/6switchportaccessvlan30switchportmodeaccessspanning-treeportfast