人教版高二英语必修四unit4-Learning-about-language

Learningaims1.TobeabletoguessthewordbyreadingtheEnglishdefinition.2.TolearnthegrammarofV-ingasadverbial.3.Tomastertheusages.1._______actionofdefendingoneselfagainstanenemy’sattack.2._______mighthappenorprobablywillbetrue3._______Europeancountrythatisshapedlikeaboot4._______smallrestaurantprovidedbyaschoolforitsstudentsorbyacompany5._________tobechosentospeakoractinplaceofsomeoneDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsdefencelikelyItalycanteenrepresentFindthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeaning.6._______torunortravelsomewhereinagratehurry7.__________tocomenearertosomethingorsomeonefromagreatdistance8.__________groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose9._______eithersideofthefacebelowtheeye10.______theactofflying,especiallyscheduledonaplaneapproachdashassociationcheekflightJoanwassittinginthepark.Atall,darkwoman___________her,singingloudly.ShelookedasifshewasfromMiddleEasterncountry,maybe_______afteraminute,thewomenstoppedandstartedhittingherown______.Joanwatch________,thinkingthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Suddenly,thewomansawJoanand________overtoher.Joanthenrealizedthatshehad_____________thewoman’sactions-shewasn’tcrazy.Shewas,onthe_________,askingforhelptokillabee!CompletethepassageapproachedJordancheekcuriouslydashedmisunderstoodcontrarycrossroads,adult,major,dormitory,greeted,representing,association,spoken,Colombia,curious,flightAnswerkeyforEx.3AnswerkeyforEx.1(P.29)Discoveringusefulstructures:AttributeAdverbialHisnosetouchedGeorgeCook’smovinghand.ThevisitorfromJapancomesinsmiling.Itisaninterestingstudyandcanhelpyouavoiddifficultyincommunication.Fourpeopleenterlookingaroundinacuriousway.AttributeAdverbial…thisisanexcitingexperienceforyou…Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised……recognizesMrGarcia’ssmilingface…Shearriveshurrying…The–ingformastheAdverbialGrammar现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系,否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式被动形式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed一般式完成式Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。(beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式,表示动作正在进行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作,他就回家了。现在分词在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的状语(通常用不定式表目的状语)。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewasvwaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表时间状语2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一个学生,你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家,所以我就给他打了电话。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语:作伴随状语的分词表示的动作,必须是主语的一个动作,或是与谓语所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生,或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步地补充说明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking4)表结果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲,使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就会看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格:Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。7)作独立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)高考链接3.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived4.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)A.NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA现在分词作原因状语,分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语5.Whilewatchingtelevision,________.(NMET2005)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings6._______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2004广东)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.HavingnotcompletedDC7.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted,____away.(NEMT2005)A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran8.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,_______outofthewindow.(NMET2004)A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havingbeenlooked9.Thestormleft,____alotofdamagetothisarea.(NEMT2005)A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcausedBADSummary1.learningaboutlanguage2.V-ingasadverbiala.形式b.作用HomeworkFinishexercisesonYouHuaSheJi.