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1阅读基本功难句过关(王若平)第一部分难句分类辨析第一章定语从句定语从句的修饰对象一直是阅读中经常遇到而难以把握的问题,定语从句的关系词究竟修饰上文中的哪个单词、短语或整个句子,一要靠语言知识,二要根据上下文进行逻辑判断。定语从句有限定性和非限定性之分。此外,定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系,说明原因、目的、让步、假设等关系。Buthedidnottalkatlengthaboutthematter,whichwasnotconsideredbytheWhiteHousetobeaparticularlyimportantquestion.(说明原因)他没有详细地谈这件事,因为白宫没有把它看作是个特别重要的问题。Anyonewhothinksthatrationalknowledgeneednotbederivedfromperceptualknowledgeisanidealist.(假设)如果认为理性知识可以不从感性知识得来,他就是一个唯心主义者。SomychancesofgettingtorevolutionaryChinaareprettyslim,althoughIhavenotgivenupyeffortstogetapassport,thatwillenablemetovisitthecountriesofSocialism.(目的)因此,我到革命的中国的希望相当小了,然而我并没有放弃努力来争取一张护照,使我得以访问社会主义国家。Heinsistedonbuyingacar,whichhecouldnotaffordandhadnousefor.(表让步)他坚持要买辆轿车,尽管他买不起,而且也不需要。1.Librariesmadeeducationpossible,andeducationinitsturnaddedtolibraries;thegrowthofknowledgefollowedakindofcompound-interestlaw,whichwasgreatlyenhancedbytheinventionofprinting.要点:从内容上分析,which修饰“thegrowthofknowledge”图书馆的出现使教育的发展成为可能,而教育的发展又反过来使图书馆不断扩大充实。知识的增长遵循了一种复利法则。由于印刷术的发明,这一知识增长过程得以大大加速。2.Iftheycaneachbetrustedtotakesuchresponsibilities,andtoexercisesuchinitiativeasfallswithintheirsphere,thenadministrativeoverheadwillbelow.如果他们每个人都能予以信任承担这样的职责,并在他们所管辖的范围内发挥主动性,那么管理费用就会降低。3.Thereareprobablynoquestionwecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhatmatterofconsciousness.迟早可能不存在我们想得出但解答不了的问题,甚至包括我们意识的问题。4.Thecurtainwasrungdowninthatphaseofhistory,atleast,bythesuddeninventionofthehydrogenbomb,oftheballisticmissileandofrocketsthatcanbeaimedtohitthemoon.至少由于氢弹、弹道导弹和登月火箭出人意料地发明,那个历史时期宣告结束了。5.StudiesoftheWeddellsealinthelaboratoryhavedescribedthephysiologicalmechanismsthatallowthesealstocopewiththeextremeoxygendeprivationthatoccursduringitslongestdives,whichcanextend500metersbelowtheocean’ssurfaceandlastforover70minutes.(三个定语从句)关于威德尔海豹特殊的生理机制,在实验室里对其进行的研究已作过详细的描述。该生理机制使海豹可以适应长时间潜水时出现的极度缺氧。海豹长时间潜水时最深可达水面以下500米,时间可持续70多分钟。6.Therenaissanceofthefeministmovementbeganduringthe1950’sledtotheStasistschool,whichsidesteppedthegoodbaddichotomyandarguedthatfrontierwomenlivedlivessimilartthelivesofwomenintheEast.20世纪50年代女权运动的复兴产生了斯塔西学派,这一学派回避好与坏的二分法,认为边境地区妇女和东部妇女过着同样的生活。7.Tom,thebook’sprotagonist,tookissuewithamanwhodotedonhishouseholdpetyet,asaslavemerchant,thought“nothingofseparatingthehusbandfromthewife,theparentsfromthechildren”.书中的主人公汤姆与一个人发生了争执。这人虽然爱家中的宠物。但作为一个奴隶贩子,却认为“拆散夫妻,2让骨肉分离算不了什么”。8.Wearenotconsciousoftheextenttowhichworkprovidethepsychologicalsatisfactionthatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandanemptylife.我们不了解工作给人们提供的能把充实的生活与空虚的生活区分开来的心理满足的程度有多大。9.Thus,theunitythatshouldcharacterizethestrongsystemisdevelopedbyaffordingopportunityfordiversity,whichappearstobeessentialifeducationistodevelopinconsiderationoftheneedsofchildrenandyouth.因此,强大的教育体系所具备的统一性这一特点是通过提供各种机会来达到的。如果发展教育要考虑儿童和青年的需要,多种机会就显得至关重要。10.Automobileshavebeendesignedwhichoperateonliquidhydrogen,butthesesystemgiverisetoseeminglyunavoidableproblemsarisingfromthehandlingofacryogenicliquid.虽然已经设计出液氢驱动的汽车,但是这些系统带来一些由如何处理低温液体而引发的似乎难以回避的问题。11.Behavioristssuggestthatthechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuliwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponseswillexperiencegreaterintellectualdevelopment.行为主义者的看法是:如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中长大,而这些刺激物又能培养其作出适当的反应能力,那么他就会有比较高的智力发展水平。12.Whiletherearealmostasmanydefinitionsofhistoryastherearehistorians,modernpracticemostcloselyconformstoonethatseeshistoryastheattempttorecreateandexplainthesignificanteventsofthepast.虽然有多少个历史学家,就差不多有多少种历史学的定义,但现代史学家的实践大都趋向于这样一种定义,即历史学是旨在重现和解释过去重大事件的学科。13.WhilethisboundarydoesnotmarktheouterlimitofaState’sterritory,sinceininternationallawtheterritorialseaformspartofaState’sterritory,itdoesrepresentthedemarcation(分界,定界,界限)betweenthatmaritimearea(internalwaters)whereotherStatesenjoynogeneralrights,andthosemaritimeareas(theterritorialseaandotherzones)whereotherStatesdoenjoycertaingeneralrights.尽管这条分界线并不算是国家领土的外缘边界,但是,因为在国际法中领海也是国家领土的组成部分,它的确是其他国家在其内不享有一般权利的海区(内水域)与其他国家在其中享有某些一般权利的那些海区(领海及其他区域)之间的分界线。14.Hefindsthatstudentswhowereeasytoteachbecausetheysucceededinputtingeverythingtheyhadbeentaughtintopractice,hesitatewhenconfrontedwiththevastuntouchedareaofEnglishvocabularyandusagewhichfallsoutsidethescopeofbasictextbooks.他发现原先比较容易教的学生现在踌躇不前了:原先比较容易教是因为他们能把教给他们的所有东西都付诸实践;现在踌躇是因为他们面对着大量的在基础教科书上所没有接触过的英语词汇和惯用法。15.Thereaderwhoperuses(细读(正式))withsomeattentionthefollowingpageswillhaveoccasiontoseethatbothoperationalandmentalaspectsofphysicshavetheirplace,butthatneithershouldbestressedtotheexclusionoftheother.读者如果略微仔细地阅读以下几页就会有理由认为,实验操作和思维在物理学中都具有一定的地位,因而不能强调一方而忽略另一方。16.Thepublicisunhappyaboutthewaysocietyisgoing,anditsview,fueledinpartbytheagendistsandthemedia,seemstobethatjudicial(司法的)decisionsunacceptabletothem,regardlessoftheevidenceorthelaw,willsloworchangesocialdirections.公众对社会发展的前景不乐观,在议事人士和新闻媒体的某种鼓动下,公众的观点似乎是:不管证据或法律,司法判决对他们来说是不可接受的,这些判决将会延缓或者改变社会走向。17.ButIwouldliketodothesamewiththeacclaimtoo,byusingthismomentasapinnaclefromwhichImightbelistenedtobytheyoungmenandwomenalreadydedicatedtothesameanguish(痛苦)andtravail(辛苦),amongwhomisalreadythatonewhowillsomedaystandherew
本文标题:10考试虫王若平的考研英语长难句过关
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