基于FPGA设计地铁自动售票系统

大连海事大学毕业论文二○一○年六月┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊基于FPGA设计地铁自动售票系统专业班级：电科1班姓名：魏思奥指导教师：毕春娜信息科学技术学院内容摘要本毕业设计是基于FPGA设计一个地铁自动售票系统。近年来，集成电路技术的迅猛发展，特别是可编程逻辑器件的高速发展，电子设计自动化EDA技术成为电子设计工程师的新宠。然而随着城市人口的迅速增加、车辆的增多，世界各地的城市交通变得愈发拥挤，地铁成为城市交通的重要组成部分。随着国民经济的发展，我国的地铁建设也日益成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。作为地铁运营服务的第一道关，改善地铁已逐渐落后于时代步伐的售票系统势在必行。本系统是结合行业管理中实际的地铁售票系统运行过程中的需求过程，经过实际的需求分析，开发出来的地铁自动售票系统。整个系统的设计从符合操作简便快捷、灵活实用、保证稳定安全的要求出发，完成售票管理的基本过程。本设计采用自顶向下的模块化设计方法，基于FPGA使用VHDL语言设计制作一个地铁自动售票控制系统，该系统能出售2条线路3种不同价位的票，完成售票、找零、显示等功能。通过本设计，正确掌握数字系统的模块划分、并能自如应用硬件描述语言描述各模块功能，以实现系统设计。以VHDL语言和MAX+PLUSII为工具，在ZY11EDA13BE实验系统主板上，实现了地铁自动售票系统。系统划分为几个功能模块，分模块进行分析和设计，系统给出相应的设计原理图和VHDL源程序，通过仿真实现预定的功能。关键词：FPGA；地铁自动售票系统；EDA；VHDL;MAX+PLUSII;模块；仿真ABSTRACTThegraduationprojectisbasedontheFPGAdesignofasubwayticketsystem.Inrecentyears,therapiddevelopmentofintegratedcircuittechnology,inparticulartherapiddevelopmentofprogrammablelogicdevices,electronicdesignautomationEDAtechnologytobecomethenewdarlingofelectronicdesignengineers.However,withtherapidurbanpopulationincreaseinthenumberofvehiclesaroundtheworldhavebecomeincreasinglycongestedurbantraffic,Metrobecameanimportantpartofurbantransportation.Withthedevelopmentofnationaleconomy,China'ssubwayconstructionhasincreasinglybecomeanindispensablepartofdailylife.Asasubwayserviceinthefirstpass,toimprovethesubwayhasgraduallylaggedbehindthetimesticketingsystemisnecessary.Thissystemisacombinationofindustrymanagementintheactualsubwayticketingsystemoperatinginthedemandprocess,aftertheactualneedsanalysis,developedtheSubwayAutomaticticketingsystem.Theoveralldesigniseasytomanipulatefast,flexibleandpractical,toensurethesafetyandstabilityrequirements,thecompletionofthebasicprocessofticketmanagement.Thisdesignusesatop-downmodulardesignmethod,basedonFPGAdesignusingVHDL,asubwayticketcontrolsystem,whichcanselltwolines3differentticketprices,thecompletionofticketsales,givechange,anddisplayfunctions.Throughthisdesign,thecorrectnumberofsystemcontrolmoduledivision,andtoeaseapplicationofhardwaredescriptionlanguagetodescribethefunctionofeachmoduletoachievethesystemdesign.InVHDLandMAX+PLUSIIlanguageasatool,ZY11EDA13BEexperimentalsystemmotherboardtoachieveautomatedsubwayticketingsystem.Systemisdividedintoseveralfunctionalmodules,sub-moduleanalysisanddesign,systemdesigngivesthecorrespondingschematicandVHDLsourcecode,throughthesimulationtoachievetheintendedfunction.keywords:FPGA;Metroautomaticticketingsystem;EDA;VHDLMAX+PLUSII;Module;Simulation目录1绪论..................................................................................11.1研究背景..........................................................................11.2研究内容及功能介绍................................................................11.3论文结构..........................................................................22理论基础..............................................................................22.1EDA技术...........................................................................22.2FPGA..............................................................................22.2.1FPGA简介......................................................................22.2.2FPGA的基本特点................................................................32.2.3FPGA的优点....................................................................32.3VHDL语言..........................................................................42.3.1VHDL简介......................................................................42.3.2VHDL系统设计的特点............................................................42.3.3VHDL系统优势..................................................................52.3.4VHDL基本结构..................................................................52.4MAX+plusⅡ软件....................................................................62.4.1MAX+plusⅡ软件简介............................................................62.4.2MAX+plusⅡ软件特点............................................................62.4.3MAX+plusⅡ可编程设计流程......................................................63系统分析与设计方案....................................................................83.1系统的总体框架结构................................................................83.2功能模块分析......................................................................93.2.1车票选择模块..................................................................93.2.2钱币处理模块.................................................................113.2.3余额计算模块.................................................................123.2.4显示功能模块.................................................................144.硬件实现............................................................................164.1连线布局与下载...................................................................164.2系统不足.........................................................................175系统改进方向及设计总结...............................................................175.1系统改进方向.....................................................................175.2设计总结..............................................................