大型变速恒频风力发电机组建模与仿真

246Vol.24No.6Jun.200420046ProceedingsoftheCSEE©2004Chin.Soc.forElec.Eng.0258-8013200406-0100-06TM614A470·4047123107100321320123100085MODELINGANDDYNAMICSIMULATIONOFVARIABLESPEEDWINDTURBINEWITHLARGECAPACITYLIJing1,SONGJia-hua2WANGWei-sheng31.NorthChinaUniversityofElectricPower,Baoding071003,China;2.NortheastInstituteofElectricPowerEngineering,Jilin132012,China;3.ChinaElectricPowerResearchInstitute,Beijing100085,ChinaABSTRACT:Awholedynamicmodelforvariablespeedwindturbines(VSWT)ispresentedandthemodelincludeswindspeed,wind-turbineandpitchcontrol,doubly-fedgenerator,convertersandelectricalcontrolofgenerator.Basedonthemodels,asimulationtoolofVSWTisdevelopedbyusingsimulinkoftheMATLAB.Thentakingexamplesforrampchangeofwindspeedandrandomchangeofwindspeed,thedynamiccharacteristicsofawindparkcomposedbytenVSWTsthatoneVSWThascapacityof1500kWaresimulated.TheresultsshowthemodeliscorrectandVSWThasgoodrunningcharacteristics.KEYWORDS:Windpower;VSWT;Dynamicmodel;SimulationMATLABsimulink101500kW1208632001AA512021-5TheNationalHighTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentofChina(863Programme)(2001AA512021-5).[1][2]dq/abc[3][4-6]PWM[6]PWM--6101[7-8]PI[9]PI[10]PWM--4MATLAB1500kW22.11321Fig.1StructurediagramofVSWTt/s8642012.011.511.010.510.0/(m/s)86420t/s101198/(m/s)86420t/s11.010.510.0/(m/s)2Fig.2Diagramofwindmodels2.233T102pNvPCAPρ×=(1)PTp.u.CPλ(λ=Rω/v)Rmωrad/sAm2ρkg/m3vm/sPNkWCPCPβλ3(Cp)0.50.40.30.20.10.0024681012141692−50.40−0.500.30−0.400.20−0.300.10−0.200.00−0.10°3CpβλFig.3DiagramofrelationshipamongCp,βandλ10224(2)Mmdd1()dmTTTtT=−(2)TdsTmp.u.TMp.u.TM=PT/ω2.3[dcqc0](3)(4)[11]dcqcdq0000/1/d/01/d01(3)0drdmrrrqmrrqdsdsssqssqEVXXTsVXXsTtEEIXxIxXTE′′−−=−⋅′′′′−+′′′−''s''sdsdsdsqsqqEVIRXVIEXR=−−(4)xssp.u.xss=X1+Xm(X1Xm)X′p.u.X′=X1+X2Xm/(X2+Xm)(X2)Rsp.u.sdE′qE′VsdVsqIsdIsqVrdVrqT′02πf×smed1[(1)]dJsTTDstT−−−−(5)Tmp.u.Tep.u.DTJsωep.u.sTm(2)Te(6){}eseeeRe/sPUITPω∗==−(6)2.4PWM--[3]41,2[dcqc0]12m1φ1m2φ2(j)rrdrqVVV+1VsXTV1P1,V1Id1Id2Vd2+−m1,1m2,2Pr,IrVr1:n4Fig.4Structurediagramofconvertersconnectedwithdoubly-fedinductiongenerator4[dcqc0]1d()dddrBVCVPPPt=−(7)CVdP11p.u.Prp.u.(8)9*1*1111Im()Re[]jdSqssTTTVVnVVgVVPVXXX−⋅−⋅=⋅≈610322111*111()Im[]jqsqdqsTTVVVVnVVQgVXX−⋅++−=⋅(8)*Re()rrrPVI=⋅(9)jssdsqVVV=+XT11111jdqVVVVθ=∠+1jrrrrdrqVVVVθ=∠=+2(8)jssqVV=1P1Q1PWM12m1φ1m2φ2ssV112//dBrdBVmVVVmVV==(10)112srsθθφθθφ=−=−(11)[dcqc0](7)2.52.5.1[dcqc0]dc[12](8)1P1Q1V1dV1qP1Q112515(a)25(b)+VsVsref−Ks+Tss+VdVdref−Kd+TssV1qV1dV1=V1q+V1d22φ1=arctan(V1q/V1d)+−VB/Vdm1Φ1θs+PsPsref−KP+TPs+QsQsref−Kq+TqsIrqIrq*+−Ird+−Ird*KP1+TP1sKq1+Tq1sVrqVrdVr=Vrq+Vrd22φ2=arctan(Vrq/Vrd)+−VB/Vdm2Φ2θs(a)(b)(Qsref=cosθ*Psref)1−ωrΚω=1frωr(c)PWMs5Fig.5ControldesignofconvertersVsp.u.Vsrefp.u.frp.u.VdrefVPsQsp.u.PsrefQsref10424p.u.ωrp.u.KωKsTsKdTdKpTpKp1Tp1Kq1Tq1KqTqPI2.5.26vm/sτskwkpikppPePerefp.u.kw+PePeref−kpp+kpisV+++−1τsβmaxβminββC6Fig.6Systemofpitch-controlledwindturbine33.11101500kW7,Rr=0.0073p.u.rs=0.0076p.u.x1=0.1248p.u.x2=0.0884p.u.Xm=1.8365p.u.TJ=7.10sXT=0.105p.u.Vd=690VC=0.1mFVB=690VA=3959m2D=0.071p.u.PN=1500kWTd=2.5sρ=1.0kg/m3~12PL,QL3PL,QL4~~51.01∠0°7Fig.7Simplecircuitdiagramofawindparkanditsareanetwork8(a)6s10m/s4s12m/s0.988(b)~(f)04812910.512t/s(a)/(m/s)02040600.960.9811.02t/s(b)/pu−0.25−0.2−0.150204060t/s(c)/pu−1.5−1−0.50204060t/s(d)/pu6876886896900204060t/s(e)/V02460204060t/s(f)/(°)8Fig.8ResponseofVSWTunderthemodeoframpwind812312m/s1p.u.4453.2219(a)0.989(b)~(e)61050.60.810204060t/s(d)/pu−0.2−0.15−0.10204060t/s(c)/pu/pu0.9511.050204060t/s(b)8910110204060t/s(a)/(m/s)6866886906926940204060t/s(e)/V9Fig.9ResponseofVSWTunderthemodeofrandomwind4MATLABMATLAB[1]LeiYazhouWangWeishengYinYonghuaWindpowerpenetrationlimitcalculationbasedonchanceconstrainedprogramming[J]ProceedingsoftheCSEE200222(5)32-35[2]ÇadirciIErmisMPerformanceEvalutionofawinddrivendoigusingahybridmodel[J]IEEETransonEnergyConversion199713(2)148-155[3]FeijóoF,CidrásJCarrilloC,etalAthirdordermodelforthedoubly-fedinductionmachine[J]ElectricPowerSystemsResearch200050(2)121-127[4]LiuQihuiHeYikangBianSongjiangStudyontheno-loadcutting-incontrolofthevariable-speedconstant-frequencyVSCFwind-powergenerator[J]ProceedingsoftheCSEE200424(3)6-11[5]HuangKeyuanHeYikangBianSongjiangInvestigationofmatrixconverter_exitedVSCFwindpowergenerationsystem[J]ProceedingsoftheCSEE200222(11)100-105[6]PenaRClareJCAsherGMDoublyfedinductiongeneratorusingback-tobackPWMconvertersanditsapplicationtovariablespeedwindenergygeneration[J]IEEProc-ElectrPowerAppl.,1996143(3)231-241[7]LinChengwuWangFengxiangYaoXingjiaStudyonexcitationcontrolofVSCFdoublyfedwindpowergenerator[J]ProceedingsoftheCSEE200323(11)122-125[8]QiuRuichangYanYaominJiangXuedongResearchonaquasi-stablestaterotorEMF-orienteddoublyfedwindinginductionmachineinwind-energygeneration[J]ProceedingsoftheCSEE200323(11)133-138[9]SlootwegJGHaanSWHPolinderHetalAggregatedmodellingofwindparkswithvariablespeedwindturbinesinpowersystemdynamicsimulations[C]14thPSCC,sevilla2002[10]Cardenas-DobsonRAsherGMPow