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《童蒙须知》全文原yuán叙xù夫fū童tóng蒙méng之zhī学xué,始shǐ于yú衣yī服fú冠guān履lǚ,次cì及jí言yán语yǔ步bù趋qū,次cì及jí洒sǎ扫sǎo涓juān洁jié,次cì及jí读dú书shū写xiě文wén字zì,及jí有yǒu杂zá细xì事shì宜yí。皆jiē所suǒ当dāng知zhī。今jīn逐zhú目mù条tiáo列liè,名míng曰yuē《童tóng蒙méng须xū知zhī》。若ruò其qí修xiū身shēn治zhì心xīn、事shì亲qīn接jiē物wù、与yǔ夫fū穷qióng理lǐ尽jìn性xìng之zhī要yào,自zì有yǒu圣shèng贤xián典diǎn训xùn,昭zhāo然rán可kě考kǎo。当dāng次cì第dì晓xiǎo达dá,兹zī不bú复fù详xiáng著zhù云yún。衣yī服fú冠guān履lǚ第dì一yī大dà抵dǐ为wéi人rén,先xiān要yào身shēn体tǐ端duān整zhěng。自zì冠guān巾jīn、衣yī服fú、鞋xié袜wà、皆jiē须xū收shōu拾shi爱ài护hù,常cháng令lìng洁jié净jìng整zhěng齐qí。我wǒ先xiān人rén常cháng训xùn子zǐ弟dì云yún:“男nán子zǐ有yǒu三sān紧jǐn。谓wèi头tóu紧jǐn、腰yāo紧jǐn、脚jiǎo紧jǐn。”头tóu,谓wèi头tóu巾jīn。未wèi冠guàn者zhě总zǒng髻jì。腰yāo谓wèi以yǐ绦tāo或huò带dài束shù腰yāo。脚jiǎo谓wèi鞋xié袜wà。此cǐ三sān者zhě要yào紧jǐn束shù,不bù可kě宽kuān慢màn。宽kuān慢màn则zé身shēn体tǐ放fàng肆sì,不bù端duān严yán,为wéi人rén所suǒ轻qīng贱jiàn矣yǐ。凡fán着zhuó衣yī服fú,必bì先xiān提tí整zhěng衿jīn领lǐng,结jié两liǎng衽rèn纽niǔ带dài,不bù可kě令lìng有yǒu阙què落luò。饮yǐn食shí照zhào管guǎn,勿wù令lìng污wū坏huài;行xíng路lù看kàn顾gù,勿wù令lìng泥ní渍zì。凡fán脱tuō衣yī服fú,必bì齐qí整zhěng折zhé叠dié箱xiāng箧qiè中zhōng。勿wù散sǎn乱luàn顿dùn放fàng,则zé不bù为wéi尘chén埃āi杂zá秽huì所suǒ污wū。仍réng易yì于yú寻xún取qǔ,不bú致zhì散sàn失shī。着zhuó衣yī既jì久jiǔ,则zé不bù免miǎn垢gòu腻nì。须xū要yào勤qín勤qín洗xǐ浣huàn。破pò绽zhàn则zé补bǔ缀zhuì之zhī。尽jìn补bǔ缀zhuì无wú害hài,只zhǐ要yào完wán洁jié。凡fán盥guàn面miàn,必bì以yǐ巾jīn帨shuì遮zhē护hù衣yī领lǐng,卷juǎn束shù两liǎng袖xiù,勿wù令lìng有yǒu所suǒ湿shī。凡fán就jiù劳láo役yì,必bì去qù上shàng笼lǒng衣yī服fú,只zhī着zhuó短duǎn便biàn,爱ài护hù勿wù使shǐ损sǔn污wū。凡fán日rì中zhōng所suǒ着zhuó衣yī服fú,夜yè卧wò必bì更gēng,则zé不bù藏cáng蚤zǎo虱shī,不bù即jí敝bì坏huài。苟gǒu能néng如rú此cǐ,则zé不bú但dàn威wēi仪yí可kě法fǎ,又yòu可kě不bù费fèi衣yī服fú。晏yàn子zǐ一yī狐hú裘qiú三sān十shí年nián。虽suī意yì在zài以yǐ俭jiǎn化huà俗sú,亦yì其qí爱ài惜xī有yǒu道dào也yě,此cǐ最zuì饬chì身shēn之zhī要yào,毋wú忽hū。言yán语yǔ步bù趋qū第dì二èr凡fán为wéi人rén子zǐ弟dì,须xū是shì常cháng低dī声shēng下xià气qì,语yǔ言yán详xiáng缓huǎn,不bù可kě高gāo言yán喧xuān哄hǒng、浮fú言yán戏xì笑xiào。父fù兄xiōng长zhǎng上shàng有yǒu所suǒ教jiào督dū,但dàn当dāng低dī首shǒu听tīng受shòu,不bù可kě妄wàng自zì议yì论lùn。长zhǎng上shàng检jiǎn责zé,或huò有yǒu过guò误wù,不bù可kě便biàn自zì分fēn解jiě,姑gū且qiě隐yǐn默mò。久jiǔ却què徐xú徐xú细xì意yì条tiáo陈chén,云yún此cǐ事shì恐kǒng是shì如rú此cǐ,向xiàng者zhě当dāng是shì偶ǒu尔ěr遗yí忘wàng。或huò曰yuē:当dāng是shì偶ǒu尔ěr思sī省xǐng未wèi至zhì。若ruò尔ěr,则zé无wú伤shāng忤wǔ,事shì理lǐ自zì明míng。至zhì于yú朋péng友yǒu分fèn上shàng,亦yì当dāng如rú此cǐ。凡fán闻wén人rén所suǒ为wéi不bú善shàn,下xià至zhì婢bì仆pú违wéi过guò,宜yí且qiě包bāo藏cáng,不bù应yìng便biàn尔ěr声shēng言yán。当dāng相xiāng告gào语yǔ,使shǐ其qí知zhī改gǎi。凡fán行xíng步bù趋qū跄qiàng,须xū是shì端duān正zhèng,不bù可kě疾jí走zǒu跳tiào踯zhí。若ruò父fù母mǔ长zhǎng上shàng有yǒu所suǒ唤huàn召zhào,却què当dāng疾jí走zǒu而ér前qián,不bù可kě舒shū缓huǎn。洒sǎ扫sǎo涓juān洁jié第dì三sān凡fán为wéi人rén子zǐ弟dì,当dāng洒sǎ扫sǎo居jū处chù之zhī地dì,拂fú试shì几jī案àn,当dāng令lìng洁jié净jìng。文wén字zì笔bǐ砚yàn,凡fán百bǎi器qì用yòng,皆jiē当dāng严yán肃sù整zhěng齐qí,顿dùn放fàng有yǒu常cháng处chù。取qǔ用yòng既jì毕bì。复fù置zhì元yuán所suǒ。父fù兄xiōng长zhǎng上shàng坐zuò起qǐ处chù,文wén字zì纸zhǐ扎zhā之zhī属shǔ,或huò有yǒu散sǎn乱luàn,当dāng加jiā意yì整zhěng齐qí,不bù可kě辄zhé自zì取qǔ用yòng。凡fán借jiè人rén文wén字zì,皆jiē置zhì簿bù抄chāo录lù主zhǔ名míng,及jí时shí取qǔ还huān。窗chuāng壁bì、几jī案àn、文wén字zì间jiān,不bù可kě书shū字zì。前qián辈bèi云yún:“坏huài笔bǐ污wū墨mò,瘝guān子zǐ弟dì职zhí。书shū几jī书shū砚yàn,自zì黥qíng其qí面miàn。”此cǐ为wéi最zuì不bù雅yǎ洁jié。切qiē宜yí深shēn戒jiè。读dú书shū写xiě文wén字zì第dì四sì凡fán读书dúshū,须xū整zhěng顿dùn几jī案àn,令lìng洁jié净jìng端duān正zhèng。将jiāng书shū册cè整zhěng齐qí顿dùn放fàng,正zhèng身shēn体tǐ对duì书shū册cè,详xiáng缓huǎn看kàn字zì,子zǐ细xì分fēn明míng。读dú之zhī,须xū要yào读dú得dé字zì字zì响xiǎng亮liàng,不bù可kě误wù一yī字zì,不bù可kě少shǎo一yī字zì,不bù可kě多duō一yī字zì,不bù可kě倒dào一yī字zì。不bù可kě牵qiān强qiǎng暗àn记jì。只zhǐ是shì要yào多duō诵sòng遍biàn数shù,自zì然rán上shàng口kǒu,久jiǔ远yuǎn不bù忘wàng。古gǔ人rén云yún:“读dú书shū千qiān遍biàn,其qí义yì自zì见xiàn。”谓wèi熟shú读dú则zé不bú待dài解jiě说shuō,自zì晓xiǎo其qí义yì也yě。余yú尝cháng谓wèi读dú书shū有yǒu三sān到dào:谓wèi心xīn到dào、眼yǎn到dào、口kǒu到dào。心xīn不bù在zài此cǐ,则zé眼yǎn不bù看kàn子zǐ细xì。心xīn眼yǎn既jì不bù专zhuān一yī,却què只zhī漫màn浪làng诵sòng读dú,决jué不bù能néng记jì,记jì亦yì不bù能néng久jiǔ也yě。三sān到dào之zhī中zhōng,心xīn到dào最zuì急jí。心xīn既jì到dào矣yǐ,眼yǎn口kǒu岂qǐ不bù到dào乎hū?凡fán书shū册cè,须xū要yào爱ài护hù,不bù可kě损sǔn污wū绉zhòu折zhé。济jì阳yáng江jiāng禄lù,书shū读dú未wèi完wán,虽suī有yǒu急jí速sù,必bì待dài掩yǎn束shù整zhěng齐qí然rán后hòu起qǐ,此cǐ最zuì为wéi可kě法fǎ。凡fán写xiě文wén字zì,须xū高gāo执zhí墨mò锭dìng,端duān正zhèng研yán磨mó,勿wù使shǐ墨mò汁zhī污wū手shǒu。高gāo执zhí笔bǐ,双shuāng钩gōu端duān楷kǎi书shū字zì,不bù得dé令lìng手shǒu指zhǐ着zhuó毫háo。凡fán写xiě字zì,未wèi问wèn写xiě得dé工gōng拙zhuō如rú何hé,且qiě要yào一yī笔bǐ一yī画huà,严yán正zhèng分fēn明míng,不bù可kě潦liáo草cǎo。凡fán写xiě文wén字zì,须xū要yào子zǐ细xì看kàn本běn。不bù可kě差chā讹é。杂zá细xì事shì宜yí第dì五wǔ凡fán子zǐ弟dì,须xū要yào早zǎo起qǐ晏yàn眠mián。凡fán喧xuān哄hǒng争zhēng斗dòu之zhī处chù不bù可kě近jìn,无wú益yì之zhī事shì不bù可kě为wéi。谓wèi如rú赌dǔ博bó、笼lóng养yǎng、打dǎ球qiú、踢tī球qiú、放fàng风fēng禽qín等děng事shì凡fán饮yǐn食shí,有yǒu则zé食shí之zhī,无wú则zé不bù可kě思sī索suǒ。但dàn粥zhōu饭fàn充chōng饥jī不bù可kě阙què。凡fán向xiàng火huǒ,勿wù迫pò近jìn火huǒ旁páng。不bù惟wéi举jǔ止zhǐ不bù佳jiā,且qiě防fáng焚fén爇ruò衣yī服fú。凡fán相xiāng揖yī必bì折zhé腰yāo。凡fán对duì父fù母mǔ长zhǎng上shàng朋péng友yǒu,必bì称chēng名míng。凡fán称chēng呼hū长zhǎng上shàng。不bù可kě以yǐ字zì,必bì云yún某mǒu丈zhàng。如rú弟dì行háng者zhě,则zé云yún某mǒu姓xìng某mǒu丈zhàng。按àn《释shì名míng》弟dì训xùn第dì,谓wèi相xiāng次cì第dì也yě。某mǒu丈zhàng者zhě,如rú云yún张zhāng丈zhàng、李lǐ丈zhàng。某mǒu姓xìng某mǒu丈zhàng者zhě,如rú云yún张zhāng三sān丈zhàng、李lǐ四sì丈zhàng。旧jiù注zhù云yún。凡fán出chū外wài及jí归guī,必bì于yú长cháng上shàng前qián作zuō揖yī。虽suī暂zàn出chū亦yì然rán。凡fán饮yǐn食shí于yú长zhǎng上shàng之zhī前qián,必bì轻qīng嚼jiáo缓huǎn咽yān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