自考国际商务英语-短语

短语：有形贸易：visibletrade无形贸易：invisibletrade国内生产总值：grossdomesticproduct证券投资：PortfolioInvestment大额存单：Certificateofdeposit管理合同managementcontract价值链valuechain承包生产contractmanufacturing交钥匙工程turnkeyproject国民收入nationalincome国民生产总值GNP(grossnationalproduct)人均收入percapitaincome购买力平价PPP(purchasingpowerparity)经济合作与发展组织organizationofeconomiccooperationanddevelopment基础设施infrastructure独立国家联合体commonwealthofindependent收入分布incomedistribution债权国creditorcountry东南亚国家联盟ASEAN（AssociationofsoutheastAsianNations）经济一体化：economicintegration自由贸易区freetradearea关税税率tariffrates北美自由贸易协定NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA)关税同盟customsunion共同市场commonmarket主权国家sovereignstate政治实体politicalentity行政机构executivebody欧盟委员会Europeancommission部长理事会councilofministers多极化multi-polarization双部长会议dual-Ministerialmeeting分委员会Sub-committee石油输出国组织OPEC(organizationofpetroleumexportingcountries)国际经济环境internationaleconomicenvironment技术进步technicalimprovements自然资源naturalresources初级产品primarycommodities绝对利益absoluteadvantage比较利益comparativeadvantage关税联盟customsunion进口关税importduty出口关税exportduty混税，复合关税compoundduty最惠国待遇：most-favourednation(MFN)treatment税率表，税则tariffschedule非关税壁垒non-tariffbarrier运输工具meansoftransport古迹placesofhistoricalinterest货仓cargocompartment关税壁垒tariffbarriers关税区customsarea从价税advaloremduties贸易术语tradeterms贸易惯例tradingpractices商品交易会tradefairs长途电话trunkcall有效期validityperiod还盘counteroffer销售合同salescontract销售确认书sales(purchase)confirmation缔约方contractingparties不可抗力forcemajeure货号articlenumber棉布cottonpiecegoods棉纱cottonyarns对销贸易countertrade欧洲支付联盟Europeanpaymentuion竞争性贬值competitivedevaluation加工贸易processingtrade清算系统clearingsystem实际头寸netpositions贸易信贷往来帐户tradecreditaccunts反向购买counterpurchase回购交易buyback租赁贸易leasingtrade财务状况financialstanding资信可靠情况creditworthiness分阶段付款periodicpayments预付现金cashinadvance汇票draft/billofexchange远期汇票usancedraft跟单汇票documentarydraft提单billoflanding货物所有权titletogoods保险单insurancepolicy跟单托收documentarycollection付款交单documentsagainstpayment(D/P)承兑交单documentsagainstacceptance(D/A)光票：cleandraft开证银行：openingbank往来行correspondencebank通知行advisingbank保兑行confirmingbank分批装运partialshipment保兑信用证confirmedletterofcredit价格条款priceterm光票信用证cleancredit非贸易结算non-tradesettlement可撤销信用证revocablecredit不可撤销信用证irrevocablecredit双重保障doubleassurance即期信用证sightcredit远期信用证usancecredit面值facevalue可转让信用证transferablecredit不可转让信用证non-transferablecredit无汇票信用证non-draftcredit推迟付款deferredpayment循环信用证revolvingcredit合约各方contractingparties唛头：Shippingmarks被通知人notifyparty货运收据cargoreceipt发运港portofshipment海关发票custominvoice领事发票consularinvoice装船通知shippingadvice产品自然领域naturalproductprovinces公共承运人commoncarrier契约承运人contractcarrier自有承运人privatecarrier中间产品intermediateproduct制成品finishedproducts零库存just-in-timedelivery最大诚信原则utmostgoodfaith货物原产地港口portoforigin交货费用forwardingcharges导致损失的直接原因proximatecauseoftheloss汇率exchangerate金本位制goldstandard平价parvalue储备货币reversedcurrency清洁浮动cleanfloat(freefloat-自由浮动)肮脏浮动dirtfloat(managedfloat管理浮动)(汇率)直接标价directquote(汇率)间接标价indirectquote买入价buyingrate卖出价sellingrate中间价medialrate大萧条GreatDepression特别提款权specialdrawingright国际收支赤字BOPdeficit国际收支盈余favorablebalanceofpayment贴现率discountrate外汇管制foreignexchangecontrol游资idlefunds(hotmoney)世界银行集团wordbankgroup资本市场capitalmarket优惠期graceperiod私营经济Privatesector股权投资Equityinvestment经济结构调整Economicrestructuring投票权Votingpower黄金份额Goldtranche备用(信贷)安排Standbyarrangement客户流动customermobility免税期taxholiday合资企业jointventureJITjustintime自动出口限制VER(voluntaryexportrestriction)绿地战略theGreenfieldstrategy战略联合thestrategicalliance知识产权：intellectualproperty常务委员会standingcommittee增值税VAT(valueaddedtax)Stockexchange长期资本long-termcapital二级资本市场secondarycapitalmarket交易场地marketfloor(tradingfloor)投资交易所RIE(recognizedinvestmentexchange)挂牌证券交易市场(listedmarket)所得税(incometax)平衡帐目balancethebooks公共部门借贷需求thepublicsectorborrowingrequirement金边证券gilt-edgedstocks/securities事业机构投资商institutionalinvestors期权options套期保值hedge具体事场particularmarketarea普惠制Generalizedsystemofpreferences关税减让tariffconcession制度力量institutionalstrength反贴补措施counter–veilingmeasures反倾销anti-dumping国民待遇nationaltreatment关税配额tariffquota充分就业fullemployment公平贸易fairtrade贸易条款termoftrade免责条款escapeclauses行动纲领actionprogramme联合国大会Unitednationsgeneralassembly经济及社会理事会ECOSOC(economicsocialcouncil)较不发达国家less–developedcountries无差别待遇non-discriminationprinciple差别待遇differentialtreatment贸易条件termsoftrade国际经济新秩序newinternationaleconomicorder特惠税preferentialcustomstariffs技术转让transferoftechnology金融市场financialmarket所得税incometax中期贷款extendedfundfacility双边谈判bilateralnegotiation特约条款specialclause董事会Boardofdirectors生产方式productionapproach可保利益insurableinterest缓冲库存贷款Bufferstockfinancingfacility跨国公司母公司parentMNC记帐交易opencredit滚装滚卸范畴运输roll-onandroll-offtraffic国际复兴开发银行IBRD规模经济economiesofscale有价保单valuedpolicy从量税specificduty业务范围businessline基础设施capitalinfrastructure布雷顿森林会议theBrettonwoodsconvention电子数据交换EDI保证金margin统一关税制度uniformtariffsystemIBRD(internationalbankforreconstructionanddevelopment)国际复兴发展银行IFC(internationalfinancecorporation)国际金融公司(MIGA)MultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgency多边投资担保机构IDA(Internationaldevelopmentassociation)国际开发协会IMF(internationalmonetaryfund)国际货币基金组