从改革后的新教材看美国中学物理实验教学的主要特点及发展趋势

27420074CURRICULUM,TEACHINGMATERIALANDMETHODVol.27,No.4April,200731,2,1(1.,210097;2.):,,::;;;:G63317:A:100020186(2007)04200922053:(05SJB880011):2006207210:(1962),,,,,,:(),19981999,(79);(1965),,,,,:;(1972),,,,:()(20012003),,,,,,,1996,,1.:(ScienceandTechnologyConceptsforMiddleSchools),STC/MS,,8,2000(PropertiesofMatter,PM),(Energy,MachinesandMotion),(Light),(ElectricalEnergyandCircuitDesign),(HumanBodySystems),(CatastrophicEvents),(EarthinSpace),(Organisms-FromMacrotoMicro)2.(ScienceEducationforPublicUnderstandingProgram,SEPUP),2003,29©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(Issues,EvidenceandYou,IEY)(ScienceandLifeIssues,SLI),3.(1999-2001)(ActivePhysics,AP),,20004.(Physics:PrinciplesandProblems,PPP),1999,:(DesignYourOwnPhysicsLab)(PocketLab)(PhysicsandSocie2ty)(F.Y.I)(HelpWan2ted)(Connection)5.,(MindsonPhysics,MP),,2000(),;;;,,[1](15),(),[1](2132216)1.,2.,,,,,3.(),4.,,,,5.,,6.,,();,;,;,,(),,,,,,,[1](35256)(),39©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,;;[1](952108),(),,,,,,,,PPP,,STC/MS,PM[]1.,?,;;,;2.,,,;3.,,;4.[]1.:,?2.?:?3.,:?[2]STC/MSPPP,(),STC/MSIEYAPMP,IEY:,:[3]AP,:,,,,,:(:)(:)(:)(:)(:)(:)?(:)[4]MOP,,[5]()49©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(PocketLab)89,3100150,1/12,,::,,?,;,;,:,???:,,?:,??[6](),,[1](241),,IEY,,,,,,,,,[5],,AP,:,,,,,,,(),PPP,:1.:2.:3.:,,4.:,,,5.:,STC/MS,,40%;30%;20%;10%2159©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,,,,,,:[1].[S].,,,.:,1999.[2]DouglasMLapp.PropertiesofMatter.Burlington:Caro2linaSupplyCompany,2000,33.[3]HerbertDThier.Issues,EvidenceandYou.Ronkonkoma:LAB-AIDSIncorporated,2003,1.[4]ArthurEisenkraft.ActivePhysics-Home.NewYork:It’sAboutTime,Inc.2000.[5]WilliamJLeonard.MindsOnPhysics.Dubuque:Kendall/HuntPublishingCompany,2000,xv.[6]PaulZitzewitz.Physics:PrinciplesandProblems.Colum2bus:McGraw-HillCompany,1999,365,385.(:)TheFeaturesandTrendsoftheTeachingofPhysicsExperimentsinAmericanSecondarySchoolsaftertheReformofTextboobsCHENXian1,LIANGLing2,LIANGHan2bing3(1,3.SchoolofPhysicalScienceandTechnology,NanjingNormalUniversity,NanjingJiangsu210097,China;2.DepartmentofScienceEducation,LaSalleUniversity,USA)Abstract:ThispaperexaminesfiveAmericansecondaryscience(physics)curriculumprogramspub2lishedorrevisedafterthereleaseoftheNationalScienceEducationStandardsintheUSAin1996.Fivemajorfeaturesandtrendswereidentified:1.theuseofopen2endedscientificinvestigations;2.theadoptionofactivelearningmodels;3.theuseofmini2labsorpocketlabsthroughoutthecurricu2lum;4.theemphasisofpersonalrelevanceoflearningscience;5.theuseofauthenticassessmentru2brics.KeyWords:TheUnitedStates;secondaryschool;physics;experiment2007,2007,:,,,,2500,,,,,:,;,;:2007,,,;2007:,;,:,,,,:(2007228)69©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.