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第1页共8页PEP小学英语毕业总复习一:易错词汇1.a,an的选择:元音音素开头的单词用an,如:anant/egg/ice-cream/orange/umbrella辅音音素开头的单词用a.2.am,is,are的选择:单数用is,复数用are,I用am,you用are.3.have,has的选择:表示某人有某物。单数用has,复数用have,I\you用have.I/you/wehavemanybooks.He/Shehasmanybooks.4.thereis,thereare的选择:表示某地有某物或某人。单数用thereis,复数用thereare.Thereisabedinthebedroom.Therearesome/manybooksonthedesk.Arethereanybooksonthedesk?5.some,any的选择:肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.6.疑问词的选择:what(什么)who(谁)where(哪里)why(为什么)when(什么时候)how(如何)which(哪一个)howold(多大)howmany(多少)howmuch(多少钱/多少)whose(谁的)二:形容词比较级详解比较级的句子结构通常是:主语+be动词(am,is,are)+形容词比较级+than(比)+比较对象,如:I’mtallerandheavierthanyou.(我比你更高和更重。)Anelephantisbiggerthanatiger.(一只大象比一只老虎更大。)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:①一般的直接在词尾加er,如tall-taller,strong-stronger,②以e结尾的,直接加r,如fine–finer,③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny-funnierheavy--heavier④双写最后的字母再加er,如big–bigger,thin–thinner,hot–hotter☆注意☆比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误:Myhairislongerthanyou.(我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为:Myhairislongerthanyours.或Myhairislongerthanyourhair.(yours=yourhair)三:动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:第2页共8页A、规则动词①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived,danced,used,tasted,③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study–studiedcarry–carriedworry–worried(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go–went,take–took,buy–bought,get–got,read–read,fly–flew,swim–swam,am/is–was,are–were,make-made,win-won,say–said,leave–left,tell–told,draw–drew,come–came,hurt–hurt,run-ran,lose-lost,drink-drank,find-found重要句型:Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?Iwentto…Whatdidyoudothere?I+动词过去式.Howdidyougothere?Iwent(there)by/on….Whendidyougothere?Iwentyesterday/last…(表示过去的时间)Whodidyougowith?Iwentwith+人物.Didyouhaveagoodtime?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.四:动词现在分词:动词的ing形式的构成规则:①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating④以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing,taking⑤双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting五:一般将来时态(begoingto/will+动词原形)表示一般将来时的时间状语有:thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening,tomorrow,tonight,thisweekend,nextweek,nextmonth,nextyear,nextweekend.你将要去哪里?Whereareyougoingthisweekend?I’mgoingtothebookstore.你将要做什么?Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtobuyabook.你将什么时候去?Whenareyougoing?I’mgoinginthemorning..你将怎样去呢?Howareyougoing?I’mgoingbybus.你将和谁一起去?Whoareyougoingwith?I’mgoingwithmyfriend.第3页共8页六:第三人称单数第三人称单数动词的变化:1.一般情况加s,如:read—reads;live—lives;play—plays;sing—sings2.动词末尾以s,x,ch,sh或部分以o结尾的加es。(记住课本中出现的这几个:watches,teaches,goes,does,washes,passes)3.辅音字母+y结尾的把y变i再加es,如:fly—flies;study—studies4.特殊情况:have--has5.第三人称单数主语包括:he;she;it;myfather/friend;Amy/Hangzhou等一个人名或地名。例如:Helikesdrawingpictures.Sheworksinacarcompany.Itcomesfromtheclouds.Myfathergoestoworkonfoot.Mikeoftenreadsbooksafterlunch.6.一般疑问句:does提前,动词还原。DoessheteachEnglish?DoesyourpenpalliveinHangzhou?七、名词的复数形式.一般直接加s:hands,books,desks,apples...以o结尾的加es的有:tomatoes,potatoes其他加s:zoos,photos,pianos..以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es:glasses,boxes,classes,watches(手表)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es:baby-babies,city-cities,dictionary-dictionaries…以f/fe结尾的,多将-f或-fe改变为-ves:knife-knives,leaf-leaves,不规则变:man→menwoman→womenchild→childrenfoot→feettooth→teethgoose→geesemouse→micepeople-peoplefish-fishsheep-sheep八:句型专项归类1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’mnotastudent.Sheisnot(isn’t)adoctor.Hedoesnot(doesn’t)workinahospital.Therearenot(aren’t)fourfansinourclassroom.Hewillnot(won’t)eatlunchat12:00.Ididnot(didn’t)watchTVyesterdayevening.第4页共8页☆注意☆小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但amnot一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t,doesn’t,didn’t)。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”。3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。如:Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam/No,I’mnot.Issheadoctor?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Doesheworkinahospital?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Aretherefourfansinourclassroom?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.Areyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonight?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearen’t.)Willheeatlunchat12:00?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won’t).Aretheyswimming?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.DidyouwatchTVyesterdayevening?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.☆注意☆小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答。如:Whatisthis?It’sacomputer.Whatdoeshedo?He’sadoctor.Whereareyougoing?I’mgoingtoBeijing.Whoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoon?Mike.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Summer.Whendoyouusuallygetup?Iusuallygetupat6:30.Whoseskirtisthis?It’sAmy’s.Whydoyoulikespringbest?BecauseIcanplanttrees.Howareyou?I’mfine./I’mhappy.HowdidyougotoXinjiang?IwenttoXinjiangbytrain.☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:howmany(多少(数量)),howmuch(多少(钱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