黄河兰州段多环芳烃类有机污染物健康风险评价

2009,28(9):1892-1897JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience。200411USEPA。110－3。a10－4。1S1。1S1。。PAHsPAHs。X820.4A1672-2043(2009)09-1892-06123231．7300002．7300003．730000WaterEnvironmentalHealthRiskAssessmentofPolycyclicAromaticHydrocarbonsintheLanzhouReachoftheYellowRiverDONGJi-yuan1,WANGShi-gong2,3,SHANGKe-zheng2,31．ChinaKeyLaboratoryofWesternChina’sEnvironmentalSystemsofMinistryofEducation,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,China;2．ChinaKeyLaboratoryofSemi-AridClimateChangeofMinistryofEducation,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,China;3．CollegeofAtmosphericSciences,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,ChinaAbstractThepolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsPAHspollutionoftheLanzhoureachoftheYellowRiverhasbeenmoreandmoreseriousinrecentyear.Inordertoinvestigatepotentialhealthrisktohumanbodiescausedbyorganicpollutantsofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsinwatersthere,basedonwaterqualitymonitoringdatafrom11samplingsitesintheLanzhoureachoftheYellowRiverin2004,aprelimi－naryassessmentofthehealthriskcausedbyingestionfromdrinkingwateranddermalcontactwithshowerwaterwasperformedbyusingahealthriskmethodofUSEPA.Theresultsshowedthatthenon-carcinogenicriskindexvaluesoforganicpollutantsofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonswerefarbelow1.Thenon-carcinogenicriskindexvalueofnaphthalenewasaround10-3,higherthanthatofotherpollutants.Thecarcinogenicriskindexvalueofbenzo[a]pyrenewasbelow10-4.Thenon-carcinogenicriskindexvalueofnaphthaleneatsamplingsite1S1locatedintheBapanGorgeofXigudistrictwasrelativelyhigh.Amongallthesamplingsites,thesamplingsite1S1intheBapanGorgeofXigudistrictwasthemostheavilypolluted,andmightcarryahigherhealthrisk.ComparedwithotherregionsinChina,thenon-car－cinogenicriskofnaphthaleneintheLanzhoureachoftheYellowRiverweremuchhigher.TheroutinetreatmenttechnologyoftapwatercannotremoveeffectivelythetraceorganicpollutantssuchasPAHs,etc.Therefore,thePAHspollutionofsurfacewatercarriesagreathealthrisk,especiallywhensurfacewaterisusedasadrinking-waterresource.KeywordsYellowRiver;waterenvironment;persistentorganicpollutantsPOPs;healthriskassessment2009－02－2040675077“”2007BAC03A102008BAC40B04－61982—。[e-mail]rocarbonsPAHs。PAHs、。16PAHs[1-3]。289、、、[4]。[5]。USEPA。11.1Waters1525Waters2475Waters2486WatersWaters5C18-MS-4.6×250mmRE-52AALGR10-4.2WatersOasisTMHLB。、、、PAHs100~200150℃4h450℃8h。1.21.2.12004111111。3L10℃0.29g·L-1pH8.40DO8.68mg·L-11120m3·s-1。1.2.2。1L。2mL/1/1V/V1mL1mL8~10mL·min-12mL/1/20V/V5mL40℃1mL0.45μmHPLC。1.2.3WatersHPLCPAHsWatersC18/80/20V/V1mL·min-1280nm355nm254nm20μL。PAHs。16PAHs78.5%~91.7%。。2[6-7]1Table1SamplingsitesintheLanzhoureachoftheYellowRiverS1S7S2S8S3S9S4S10S5S11S61Figure1MapofsamplingsitesintheLanzhoureachoftheYellowRiver2Table2AnalyticalresultsofthesamplesC/μg·L-1a3.691.340.990.170.140.170.120.120.220.180.10.121.60.240.280.130.340.130.460.125.220.320.340.730.960.320.140.120.990.170.110.120.90.371.650.130.850.390.190.130.880.380.920.13S10S8S9S1S3S4S5S7S11S6S2189320099。USEPA[8-9][10]。、[11]。[11]16、a、、4、a、、4。2.1[8-10]。2.1.1。。HI[8-10]HI=CDI/RfD1CDImg·kg-1·d-1RfDmg·kg-1·d-1。。USEPAhttp//。2.1.2。Risk。[8-10]Risk=CDI×SF20.01Risk=1-exp-CDI×SF3SFkg·d·mg-1。2.2CDIUSEPA[8-10]CDI=C×U×EF×ED/BW×AT4CDI=I×Asd×EF×FE×ED/BW×AT×f5I=2×10-3×k×C×6×τ×TE/π姨6Cmg·L-1UL·d-1EFd·a-1EDaBWkgATdImg·cm-2·-1Asdcm2FE·d-1TEhf1kcm·h-1τh。[8-10]U2L·d-1EF365d·a-1ED30a70aBW70kgAT30a10950d70a25550dAsd16600cm2FE0.3·d-1TE0.4hf1k0.001cm·h-1τ1h。USEPA3。3、、、a、、、aPAHsPAHs。USEPA44。USEPA[9]3Table3Chemicalandtoxicologicalpropertiesofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons“—”。SF/kg·d·mg-1RfD/mg·kg-1·d-1—0.02—0.04—0.03a7.3—18942891。411、、1。、1。、、。、PAHs、。USEPA1.0×10-4。10a10-4a。、、、、5[12-17]、、。PAHs4.020μg·L-1∑16PAH、PAHs0.552μg·L-1∑8PAH、PAHs2.095μg·L-1∑11PAH、PAHs5Table5Humanhealthriskindexvalueofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsinthewaterbodiesofdifferentregionsa2.05×10-38.93×10-62.60×10-41.13×10-64.59×10-42.00×10-63.83×10-51.67×10-71.64×10-47.15×10-72.33×10-41.01×10-64.02×10-51.75×10-79.35×10-64.07×10-8——3.20×10-31.39×10-52.81×10-31.22×10-54.60×10-43.36×10-32.91×10-41.27×10-61.57×10-56.84×10-81.81×10-57.88×10-82.50×10-61.09×10-81.50×10-46.53×10-79.29×10-64.04×10-82.00×10-58.71×10-86.26×10-72.72×10-9——9.38×10-51.49×10-41.12×10-41.78×10-4————3.09×10-61.35×10-84.86×10-52.11×10-7————2.20×10-69.59×10-94.95×10-62.16×10-8——“—”。a5.27×10-32.30×10-59.57×10-44.17×10-69.43×10-44.11×10-63.55×10-51.54×10-72.00×10-48.71×10-71.21×10-45.29×10-71.14×10-44.98×10-72.50×10-51.09×10-73.14×10-41.37×10-61.29×10-45.60×10-79.52×10-54.15×10-72.50×10-51.09×10-72.29×10-39.95×10-61.71×10-47.46×10-72.67×10-41.16×10-62.71×10-51.18×10-74.86×10-42.11×10-69.29×10-54.04×10-74.38×10-41.91×10-62.50×10-51.09×10-77.46×10-33.25×10-52.29×10-49.95×10-73.24×10-41.41×10-61.52×10-46.93×10-71.37×10-35.97×10-62.29×10-49.95×10-71.33×10-45.81×10-72.50×10-51.09×10-71.41×10-36.16×10-61.21×10-45.29×10-71.05×10-44.56×10-72.50×10-51.09×10-71.29×10-35.60×10-62.64×10-41.15×10-61.57×10-36.84×10-62.71×10-51.18×10-71.21×10-35.29×10-62.79×10-41.21×10-61.81×10-47.88×10-72.71×10-51.18×10-71.26×10-35.27×10-62.71×1