AASTM-D3387-11

Designation:D3387−11StandardTestMethodforCompactionandShearPropertiesofBituminousMixturesbyMeansoftheU.S.CorpsofEngineersGyratoryTestingMachine(GTM)1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD3387;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thismethodemploysatestingmachine(Fig.1)thatgeneratesapreciselycontrolledgyratorykneadingprocesswhichisusedtoprepareandtestspecimensofbituminouspavingmixtures.Thismethodisintendedforuseinbituminousmixturesdesignandcontroltestingaswellasacceleratedtrafficsimulation.Theobjectiveistocompacttotheultimateinplacedensityundertheanticipatedverticalstresswhilemoni-toringtheprocessintermsofunitmass,andshearingresis-tanceincludingtheplasticproperties.Particularattentionisgiventothedevelopmentoftheplasticpropertiesassociatedwiththecompactionphenomenon.Themaximumpermissiblebitumencontentisindicateddirectlybythefirstevidenceofaprogressiveincreaseinshearstrain(asindicatedbyaprogres-siveincreaseinthegyratoryangle)accompaniedbyaprogres-sivereductioninshearstrength(asindicatedbyaprogressivereductioninrollerpressure.)Theproceduresdescribedhereareformixdesignandplantcontrolaswellasacceleratedtrafficsimulation.1.2Thistestmethodcoverstwoseparatemodesofopera-tionoftheGyratoryTestingMachine(GTM),namely:(1)GTMoil-filledrollermode;and(2)GTMair-filledrollermode.Withtheairfilledroller,theGTMmachineanglevariesaccordingtotheresistanceencounteredduringthegyratorykneadingprocess.ThustheGTMusingtheair-filledrollerisconsideredabettermechanicalanalogoftheinteractionbetweenpneumatictireandpavementstructure.1.3Thistestmethodisforusewithmixturescontainingasphaltcement,asphaltbindercutbackasphalt,asphaltemul-sion.Testmoldsareavailablein4-in.(101.6mm),6-in.(152.4mm),and8-in.(203.2mm)diameterswithcorrespondingheightof8-in(203.2mm),10-in.(254.0mm),and12-in.(304.8mm)respectively.Thesemoldscanaccommodatemaximumparticlesizesof1in.(25.4mm)1.5-in.(38.1mm)and2.0-in.(50.8mm)respectively.1.4Units—Thevaluesstatedininchpoundunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.ThevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatareprovidedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard.1.5Thetextofthisstandardreferencesnotesandfootnoteswhichprovideexplanatorymaterial.Thesenotesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shallnotbeconsideredasrequirementsofthestandard.1.6Thisstandardmayinvolvehazardousmaterials,operations,andequipment.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeter-minetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D3666SpecificationforMinimumRequirementsforAgen-ciesTestingandInspectingRoadandPavingMaterialsE1SpecificationforASTMLiquid-in-GlassThermometers3.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1Criticalrollerpressure,p’—therollerpressurere-quiredforaGyratoryShearFactor(GSF)equaltounity.Thatis,therollerpressurewhenSG=tmax.(SeeAnnexA1)3.1.2Equilibriumdensity—densitywhenarateofdensifi-cationof1lb/ft3(16kg/m3)per100revolutionsoftheGTMrollercarriageisreached.Thisrateofdensificationisintendedtoduplicatetheultimateinplacedensity.3.1.3GyratoryAngle—measureofthemagnitudeofthegyratorystrainu.Fourpertinentanglesaredefinedasfollows:3.1.3.1Machineangle(machinesetting)u0.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD04onRoadandPavingMaterialsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD04.26onFundamental/MechanisticTests.CurrenteditionapprovedAug.1,2011.PublishedSeptember2011.Originallyapprovedin1974.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2003asD3387–03.DOI:10.1520/D3387-11.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.UnitedStates1CopyrightbyASTMInt'l(allrightsreserved);TueNov1301:41:50EST2012Downloaded/printedbyCAIWENJING()pursuanttoLicenseAgreement.Nofurtherreproductionsauthorized.3.1.3.2Minimumgyratoryangleorshearstrainumin.3.1.3.3Maximumgyratoryangleorshearstrainumax.3.1.3.4Finalgyratoryangleuf.Thisistheangleattheconclusionoftest.FIG.1LargestModelofGyratoryTestingMachineD3387−112CopyrightbyASTMInt'l(allrightsreserved);TueNov1301:41:50EST2012Downloaded/printedbyCAIWENJING()pursuanttoLicenseAgreement.Nofurtherreproductionsauthorized.3.1.4GyratoryCompactibilityIndex(GCI)—theratiooftheunitmass(totalmix)at30revolutionsoftheGTMtotheunitmass(totalmix)at60revolutionsoftheGTM.3.1.5GyratoryCompressionModulus(Eg)—acalculatedvaluebaseduponthegyratoryshearmodulusGgandameasuredorassumedvalueofPoissons´ratioµ.Eg=2Gg(1+µ)3.1.6GyratoryShearFactor(GSF)—theratioofthemea-suredgyratoryshearstrengthtothetheoreticalmaximuminducedpa