裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记打印版-第21课

Lesson21Madornot?是不是疯了Newwordsandexpressions1、madadj.发疯的bemad发疯，发狂（强调状态）gomad发疯，发狂（强调转变）drivesbmad逼疯/sendsbmad“为……而疯狂(着迷)”的表示方法：bemadaboutsth对…疯狂的，狂热的/bemadonsthbemadonfootball对足球狂热bemadonpopmusicbecrazyabout…对…着迷go+adj.变得……Theyaregoingbananas.=gocrazy=gomad(变疯了)gomad发疯，发狂/gocrazy/goinsane[in'sein]theinsane精神病人gobananas(pl.)becomemadorangry,actveryfoolishly.发疯，发怒，傻里傻气gonuts发疯nut:(sl.)foolish,eccentricormadpersonmentalpatient精神病患者mentalhospital精神病医院likemad拼命地，猛烈地，疯狂地2、reason1)n.原因forthisreason由于这个原因forsomereason由于某个原因(some:某一个，加可数名词单数)/foracertainreasongiveareason提出理由therootreason根本原因thereasonisthat…理由是…thereasonwhy…isthat……的理由是…eg.ThereasonwhyIstudyEnglishisthatIenvythosewhospeakEnglishwell.我学习英语的理由是我羡慕那些讲英语很好的人。thereasonforsth…理由eg.What’sthereasonforyourabsence?你缺席的理由是什么？thereasontodosth做某事的理由eg.Isthereanyreasontogothere?有去那儿的理由吗？cause导致某事发生的起因thecauseofthefire大火的起因eg.Smokingisoneofthecausesoflungcancer.吸烟是肺癌的起因之一。as+句子because+句子由于……2)理性，正常心智eg.Onlymanhasreason.只有人类才有理性。loseone’sreason丧失理智beyondallreasons毫无道理bringapersontoreason使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事reasonableadj.合情合理的，良好的，尚可的atareasonableprice以合理的价格eg.Theplaneisinareasonablecondition.飞机的状态良好3、sum1)n.金额，款项asumofmoney一笔钱表“许多”的短语：agreatmany+pl.anumberof+pl.agreatnumberof+pl.alargenumberof+pl.asumof(money)anamountof(money)alargesumofmoney一大笔钱thesumofincomes收入总计2)n.大意，要旨thesumofaspeech演讲大意sumup(1)合计sumupalltheexpenses把所有的花费加起来(2)总结，概括eg.Tosumup,heagreeswithus.总的来说，他同意我们的观点。insum=inaword/inshort/inbrief总之，要言之4、determinedadj.有决心的，坚定的determinevt.决定，确定，影响determineadateforameeting确定开会的日期eg.Theenvironmentdeterminesone’scharacter.环境决定人的性格。determineonsth决定做某事/determinetodostheg.WedeterminedtostudyEnglishhard.我们决定要努力学习英语。eg.Iamdeterminedtostayhere.我决定留下来。eg.Iamdeterminedtosucceed.我下定决心一定要成功。“决定做某事”的表达：determinetodosthmakeupone’smindtodosthdecidetodosthmakeadecisiontodosth(decisionn.)bedeterminedtodosthdeterminationn.判断力，决心awomanofdetermination有判断力的女人eg.Heshowedgreatdetermination.他显示了坚定的决心。二、关键句型KeyStructures被动语态第十课中，我们对被动语态进行了初步的讲解，特别是一般过去时中的被动语态，本课我们讲一般将来时，现在完成时及含情态动词句子的被动语态。l、一般将来时中的被动语态will/shall+be+过去分词例：Whenwilltheroadbeopenedtotraffic?这条路什么时候开通？例：Yourwatchwillberepaired.你的表将被修理。2、现在完成中时的被动语态have/has+十been+过去分词例：Mybaghasbeenstolen.我的包己经被偷走了。例:Thispointhasnotbeencoveredyet.这一点没有被提到。3、含情态动词的被动语态can／couldbe+过去分词mustbe十过去分词may/mightbe+过去分词musthavebeen+过去分词例：Yourwatchcanberepaired.你的表能够被修理。例:Heaskedhowthevideocouldbeoperated.他问怎么样来操作这台DV机。例：Thisnewcarmustbetested.这辆车必须被检验。例：Carsmustnotbeparkedhere.车不能被停在这。例：Mybagmusthavebeenstolen.我的包一定是被偷走了musthavedone想必是，一定是（对发生完的事情比较有把握的判断）例：Hemusthavegone.他一定是走了。Exercises：改写以下句子变成被动语态Iwillsendamessageimmediately.我将立刻发出这个消息去。Amessagewillbesentimmediately.一个消息将会立刻被发出去。2.Wemustsellallthesegoods.我们必须卖掉所有的货物。一AIIthesegoodsmustbesold.所有的货物必须被卖掉。3.Itoldyouhewouldreceivetheparcelintime.他将及时的收到包裹。-+Itoldyoutheparcelwouldbereceivedintime.包裹将被及时收到。Hehastodelivertheletterbyhand.4.他必须亲手去送这封信。--Theletterhastobedeliveredbyhand.这封必须被亲手送。5.Theymusthavelostyourletterinthepost他们一定在邮寄过程中丢掉你的信。Yourlettermusthavebeenlostinthepost.你的信一定是被丢掉了。三、课文讲解Text1、Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.driveeg.Hedriveshiscarverybadly.他开车技术非常糟糕。eg.Thefarmerdrovethecattleinthefield.那位农夫把牛赶进田里。eg.Ourarmydrovetheenemyback.我们的军队把敌人赶回去了。eg.Duringthewar,manypeopleweredrivenoutoftheirhomes.战争期间，许多人被赶出家园。2、Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday(infactthenoiseofpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday)（借喻）eg.Icouldn’theartheactors.→Icouldn’theartheactors’words.nightandday/dayandnight表日夜3、Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.forsomereason因为某种原因some:某种（个）+可数名词单数tosomeextent在某种程度上insomeway在某种意义上someonesomebodysomethingeg.SomeMr.Wangwantedyouonthephone.一个王先生打电话找你。4、Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.comeintouse投入使用（永无被动，物作主语）eg.Whendidthiswordcomeintocommonuse?这个词什么时候广泛使用的？eg.Theairportcameintouselastyear.这个机场去年投入使用。gooutofuse停止使用eg.Thepresentphoneboxeswillgooutofusenextyear.现有的电话亭明年停止使用。5、Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.over:morethanmusthavedone对发生完的事情有把握的判断musthavebeendone（被动形式）6、Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.leftleave---left---leftleft作定语常放n.后eg.Thereisonly2yuanleftinmypocket.我的口袋里只剩下2元钱。eg.Thereisnobodyleftintheroom.房间里一个人也没有留下。7、SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbythepassingplane.sometimes有时候sometime（过去或将来）某时候sometime一段时间sometimes几次，几倍（本博注：这是中国人的用法，地道的说法是：severaltimes）关于knock的短语：knockat敲knockatdoor/knockatwindowknockoff下班；从…碰下去；优惠，折扣knockover撞翻，打翻，撞倒knockdown撞倒knockout打昏eg.Knockitoff.住手！；住口！8、Havebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butlamdeterminedtostayhere.offervt.提供，给予offerhelp提供帮助offerajob提供一份工作offerasumofmoney提供一笔钱offersbsthoffersthtosbgivesbsthgivesthtosb被动→sbbegivensth→sbbeofferedstheg.Hewasgivenajob.→eg.Hewasofferedajob.被动→sthbegiventosb→sthbeofferedtosbeg.Ajobwasgiventohim.eg.Ajobwasofferedtohim.bedeterminedtodosth下定决心要做9、EverybodysaysImustbe.madandtheyareprobablyright.Imustbemad有把握的判断eg.Youmustbehungrynow.Theyareprobablyright.他们可能是对的。Theymayberight.（可能性的判断）Theymightberight.(might比may更加委婉，对判断的把握性更小一些)SpecialDi