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wouldrather的用法(美国英语中多用hadrather)一、概述。1.含义。“宁愿/可,更/最好,还是…为好”。2.用法。常+V原,常省略为’drather,表优先选择的一种方式。无人称,数,词性,时态变化,所有的人称情况均用wouldrather.3.否定形式。wouldrathernotdosth。例:MrLiwouldrathernotlistentorockmusic4.would/had在此决无“过去”之意,它是一个情态助动词。Ifyou’dratherbealone,we’llallleavehere.如果你宁愿独自呆着,那我们都离开这儿。He’dratherworkinthecountryside.她宁可到农村去工作。二、扩展。1.在两者中取舍,表“宁愿……而不愿……/与其……宁可……”时,则可用wouldrather…than…或would…ratherthan…句型.例:IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.Thechildrenwouldwalkthereratherthantakeabus.2.也可以颠倒为:ratherthan…would…例:Ratherthanworkinsuchbadcondition,hewouldgiveup3.Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式,若选同一动词,那么than后的动词可以省略。例:Iwouldratherhavenoodlesthanrice.4.要注意“平行结构”,即在than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个n、两个不定式、两个介短等。例:Iwouldrathergotoworkbybikethanbybus.@Iwouldrathertalkwithhismotherthanwithhisfather.5.在疑问句式中,短语中的would要放在主语之前。例:Wouldyouratherstayhereorgohome?@Whichwouldyouratherhave,applesorbananas?三、wouldrather+从句,常用的虚拟语气句型,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时。例:Johnwantstoseemetoday.Iwouldratherhecametotomorrowthantoday.句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来.注意:如果谈到过去的动作,也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时,主句一般为Ihadrather,其(that)从句则用过去完成时。例Wouldratheryouhadnotdonethat.@如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人,则wouldrather之后不接that从句而接havedone结构。例:Iwouldratherhavegonetothetheatrethanstayedhomenight.四、wouldrather/sooner和prefer/wouldprefer的区别。wouldrather和wouldsooner之间一般没有区别,但经常接触到的是wouldrather。例:Tomwouldrather/soonerreadthantalk./Tomprefersreadingtotalking.注意:wouldrather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带to的不定式,而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词,而在wouldrather之后要求只带动词原形。例:Hepreferswinetobeer.=Hewouldratherdrinkwinethanbeer.@某些prefer+名词的情况不能用wouldrather完全确切地表达出来:例:Heprefersdogstocats./Hewouldratherhavedogsthancats.很明显,这两句的意思并不完全相同。@wouldrather+不带to的不定式有时可代替wouldprefer+带to的不定式。例:I’dratherflythangobysea.=I’dprefertofly.我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。@这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样:例:—Wouldyoulikesomegin?—I’dpreferacoffee.=I’dratherhavecoffeethangin.@wouldrather/sooner和wouldprefer后面都可跟完成式,但后者带to。例:WewentbyseabutI’dratherhavegonebyair=I’dprefertohavegonebyair.(我愿意乘飞机去,可我的愿望未能实现)
本文标题:would-rather的用法小结
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