Cisco TcpIp 讲义

11.1•••Cisco1.2internetwork1-11-21-11-22CiscoTCP/IP31112223312364E42164Port#Host#Subnet#Net#361-31234567567XZ2C2A151-31-41-2-1-21-3A1231-41312344ZXBINTROUTERINTERFACECAINT4INT3INT2INT1INT1INT3INT2INT2INT1NET7111.2.11-51-54CiscoTCP/IP3PCPCnetlnet1net1net1net1net3net4net2net1net8net6PCPCROUTERROUTERROUTERROUTERnet1net1PCTCP/IPPCTCP/IPIPpacketroutingtable1.2.2CiscoCiscoInternetworkOperatingSystemIOSCiscoROM1.DOSUNIX1-1700040002500ROMIOSIOSOSRAMRAMFlashIOS7000IOSFlashIOSIOSIOSFlashIOSNVRAM(1)ROMROMIOS7000ROM4000ROM70004000ROMIOS25001000LANROM152500IOS11CiscoIOS2500ROMIOSIOS(2)RAMRAMIOSIOSIPARPIPXSAP400025007000(3)FlashIOSROMIOS(4)NVRAMRAMNonvolatileRAM,NVRAMNVRAM2.PC1ROM2IOS,3NVRAM1.3CiscoCiscoCisco1.3.1CiscoCisco25001-62501RJ-45WyseASCII1)RJ-452)terminal25RJ-453)254)25Wyse6CiscoTCP/IP31-6ASCIIASCIIPCPC99RJ-45PC9600bps811.3.2CiscoCiscoPCDOSKEYUNIXviwriteterminalwritCiscoEnableenable17Cisco2501CiscoRJ-452525#showdebugCtrl+ZEthernet0CtrlZEnableCiscoIOSCtrl+xCtrlxANSI/VT10010terminalhistoryxxxxANSI/VT100CtrlNCrtlPBackspaceDELTabEnter?8CiscoTCP/IP3crEnterMoreEnter•Ctrl+A•Ctrl+B•Ctrl+D•Ctrl+HBackspace•Ctrl+K•Ctrl+U•Ctrl+V•Ctrl+W•Ctrl+YUNIXyank•Esc•Esc•Escb•Escd•Escf•EscDelPCUNIXIOS3ASCIIACSIITFTPASCII191.4CiscoCiscoCiscoCisco2611T-1WANWIC1.4.1CiscoSOHO/CiscoSOHOISDNISDNCisco200700600DSL8007001000LAN10006CiscoCiscoCiscoCisco1.Cisco600677PCASDLInternetPCRJ-45677PCEthernet677DHCPDHCPIPIP6777IP677RJ-11ADSLEthernetRJ-45677600SDSLDSL673ADSLCAP675ADSLADSLSDSLSDSL2.Cisco700ISDNCiscoISDNInernetISDNISDNEthernet761M762MISDNEthernet10CiscoTCP/IP3775M772775MRJ-11776MCiscoISDN5STAC7IPDHCPPPPPPPISDN64Kbps3.Cisco800800700700ISDNEthernet800HDLCX.256800IpsecVPN6800InternetIOSIOS801802ISDNEthernetLAN803804ISDNRJ-11CiscoEthernet805700800800VPN8008004.Cisco1400600DSL1400DSLVPNInternet1401EthernetATMWANATM1417EthernetADSLDSL1.4.2CiscoSOHO160017001.Cisco16001600EthernetLANISDNWANCisco1601EthernetWIC1602WANCSU/DSU1603ISDN1604EthernetISDNISDNWIC1605REthernetWICRRAMRIOS8001600WIC1112.Cisco17001720175017001700IOS1720Ethernet10Mbps100MbpsAUX1720WICWIC1720•WIC•128Kbps•ISDN•/CSU/DSU•CSU/DSUT-1T-11700Cisco1600IOSIpsecVPNCHAPRSVP1750172017501750WANHDLCWANWANIPIPpacket175010/100EthernetAUXWIC,260036001.51.4.3Cisco260026002500Cisco25002600260025002600WICE-1AIMAIMRISCWIC160017003600260012CiscoTCP/IP32601Ethernet2611Ethernet2612Ethernet2613262010/100Ethernet262110/100EthernetWICATMEthernetPRIB6ISDNT-1WIC1.4.4Cisco360036002600WIC366036403620WIC36003600OC-33600450047004500470036003600CiscoPBX26003600Cisco36001LAN3600LANEthernet10/100WIC2IPHDLCWICHSSIT-3CSU/DSU3ISDN3600BRIPRIBRIISDNISDNWICBRIPRIPRILANWAN43600WICRJ-45PBST-1/E-15MODEMPRI113MODEMMODEMPRIMODEMTMOC-s1.4.5Cisco7x00CiscoCisco12000/720075001.7200Cisco7200IOSNPE-3003000001GB/sec720047204672068EthernetVXR720648EthernetEthernetFDDI88ISDNBRIHSSI7200on-boardRAMRAMIOSCisco2.7500750075057507751375767576751375054LANWANRSP750775137576RSP7500EthernetHSSIVIPVIPVIPLANWAN7500VPNQoS75001.5PCCisco14CiscoTCP/IP32TCP/IP2.1•TCP/IPOSI•TCP/IP•TCP/IP••3Cisco2.2TCP/IPTCP/IP/TCPIPTCP/IPTCP/IPNovellIPXTCP/IPOSIOSITCP/IPOSI23OSITCP/IPOSI2.2.1OSIOSIOSIISO2-1102-1OSI76544TCP33NetwareIPX22Ethernet11RS-232710ISOPDUSDUPDUSDU2-1TransportPDUTPDUNetworkSDULSDUPhSDUNetworkSDUTPDU2-2messageHelloFred16CiscoTCP/IP32-1OSIHelloFredPSDU66SSDU55SSDUSSDUTSDU45SSDU5PhSDU011021022LSDUHelloFredISOTCP/IPTCP/IP2TCP/IP172-2OSI2.2.2DepartmentofDefense,DoDTCP/IPTCP/IPRFCRequestForCommentsRFCInternetInternet2-2DoDDoDOSIDoDIP2OSI3OSI1.TCP/IPOSI•Telnet•FTP18CiscoTCP/IP37711•SMTP•DNSIP•RIP•NFS2-2DoD4TelnetSMTP3TCPUDP21EthernetINETDINETDTelnetSMTPTCPRIPDNSUDP2.--TCP/IPUNIX/etc/servicesTCP••2TCP/IP19TCP/IPUDP(1)TransmissionControlProtocolTCPDoDTCP•Telnet•FTP•SMTPTCPTCPTCPTCP2-3SynchronizeSequenceNumberSYN20CiscoTCP/IP3SYNSYN,ACKACK,DATA2-3TCPSYNSYNACKFINTCPDoD(2)UserDatagramProtocolUDPTCPUDPUDPUDPUDPUDP•TFTP•NFS•3.InternetProtocolIPIPIP2-32-3DoDIPICMPARPRARPIPDHCPBOOTPRARP(1)IPIPIP6X.25LAPBIP2TCP/IP21IPIP2-4PC1PC2PC32-4PC1PC2IPPC2PC1PC3PC1IPPC3PC1TCP/IP10RIP15(2)ICMP•InternetControlMessageProtocolICMP•••ICMPICMP•ICMPICMPping(3)ARPRARPAddressResolutionProtocdARPReverseAddressResolutionProtocolRARPARP22CiscoTCP/IP312IPEthernet802.2MACMAC3IPMACIPIPMACARPARPMACARPMACMACARPRARPIPMACRARPIP4.DoDDoDMACFramecheckSequenceFCS2FCSFCSFCSX.25LAPB6IEEE802802OSILogicalLinkContyclLLCMediaAccessControlMACLLCMAC802MACMAC(1)802.3EthernetEthernet•10Base5Ethernet50Ωbps•10Base2Ethernet50Ωbps•1Base51Mbps•10Base-T10Mbps(2)802.42TCP/IP23•1MbpsFSK75Ω•510MbpsFSK75Ω•1Mbps5Mbps10MbpsAM/PSK75Ω(3)802.5IBM•1MbpsIEEE•4MbpsIEEE•16MbpsIBM•16MbpsIBM2.3TCP/IPTCP/IPDoD•••IP•MACOSI2-52-5DoD2.3.1IPVAXSales-VAXInternetSales-VAXVAXInternet24CiscoTCP/IP3MACMACIPIPInternet•MIL•EDU•COM•NETInternetAcmeSales-VAXSales-VAX.acme.comInternetIPIP/etcInternetIP123.45.45.45Host1Host1.acme.com345.12.12.12Host2Host2.acme.com173.23.6.4Host3Host3.acme.com127.0.0.1LocalhostDNSDNSDNSIP2.3.2UNIX/etc/servicesTCPUDPTelnet23102310232.3.3TCP/IPInternetIPInternet482TCP/IP25InernetInterNIC