(完整word版)过去进行时

过去进行时一．定义及结构定义表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态.结构was/were+Ving二．句型结构句型肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它Wewerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它ThistimeyesterdayJackwasnotwatchingTV.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它答语：Yes,主语+was/were.或No主语+wasn't/weren’t.Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?Yes,wewere./No,weweren’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它Whatwereyoudoingatfouryesterdayafternoon?时间标志thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime.lastnight,lastsaturday或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself;Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation;WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.口诀主语在前were/was在后,现在分词跟着走,其他成分不可丢.变一般很简单,把were/was提到句子前,否定句也不难,be后要把not添.还有一点要注意,动作提问doing替.三．过去进行时的用法用法用法例句1.表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作时间标志：then,atthattime,when,while,as等.Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.2.表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事.用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作.Hetoldme（that）hewasgoingsoon.3.表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与always,forever,Theywerealwaysquarrelling.Thegirlwasalwayschanginghermind.continually,often,constantly等副词连用4.表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气【注】一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更加不肯定如想问起一段时间怎样度过时.用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌.Iwaswonderingifyoucangivemealift.Whatwereyoudoingbeforeyoucamehere？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比Whatdidyoudobeforeyoucamehere？听起来有礼貌。另一方面,Whatwereyoudoinginmyroom？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里.但Whatdidyoudoinmyroom？却毫无这种含义5.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态补充：when的后面加一般过去时,而且动词是短暂性动词,while的后面加过去进行时,动词是延续性动词同省同留比较：Hewasfriendly.他很友好（过去长期如此）Hewasbeingfriendly.他当时显得很友好（指当时一时的表现）6.过去进行时还可以和when结构遥相呼应,含有意外之意Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.不宜使用现在进行时的动词（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,think,know,hope,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need,prefer（B）表存在的状态的动词：appear,exist,lie,remain,seembelongto,dependon,own,be（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete（D）表示感官的动词系动词时：see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look但是,做实意动词动词时,可以用现在进行时.如果hear不表示“听见”的意思时,可用进行时.TheyarehearinganEnglishlecture.他们在听一个英语讲座.Thedollfeelsverysoft.（系动词）注意have（has）当“拥有”讲时,无进行时态.但当have（has）当“吃饭、开会⋯⋯玩得愉快⋯⋯”等意思时,可用进行时.Wearehavingagoodtime.我们玩得很愉快.when、while、as用法作用例句when可与延续性和短暂性动词连用.Sorry,Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme.（call为短暂性动词）when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前,之后或同时发生.Whenhehadfinishedhishomework,hetookashortrest.（finish先发生）WhenIgottotheairport,theguestshadleft.（gotto后发生）在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句需用一般时代替将来时.YoushallborrowthebookwhenIhavefinishedreadingit.（主将从现）Whenthemanagercomeshereforavisitnextweek,I’lltalkwithhimaboutthis.when用于表示“一...就...”的句型中（指过去的事）Sbhadhardly/scarcelydonesth....when=Hardly/Scarcelyhadsbdonesth...whenIhadhardly/scarcelyclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.=Hardly/scarcelyhadIclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.Bedoing...whenBeabouttodo...whenHadjustdone...whenWewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.Wewereabouttogoout/onthepointofgoingoutwhenitsuddenlybegantorainheavily.Hehadjustfinishedhisworkwhentheclockstruck12.as只和延续性动词连用.Thestudenttooknotesastheylistened.（listen为延续性动词）as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)主从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用as,这时as表示“随着...”“一边...一边...”Asthetimewenton,theweathergotworse.（随着）Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.（随着）Asyearstoby,Chinaisgettingstrongerandricher.（随着）Thelittlegirlssangastheywent.（一边...一边...）Thesadmothersatontheroadside,shoutingasshewascrying.（一边...一边...）while只和延续性动词连用.Strikewhiletheironishot.（is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态）while从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.Whileheiswritingonhistextbook,Iameatinganapple.(同时发生)表示转折Youliketennis,whileI’dratherread.（然而）主句和从句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,三者都可以使用When/While/Aswearedancing,astrangercamein.（dance是延续性动词）When/While/Asshewasmakingaphonecall,Iwaswritingaletter.（make为延续性动词）四．过去进行时与一般过去时的区别过去进行时与一般过去时的区别时态一般过去时过去进行时动作完成否表示某一动作已经完成Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.（信写完了）表示动作在持续或未完成（延续性动词）Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在给朋友写信（信不一定写完）时间标志句中有amomentago之类的短语一般用一般过去时句中有atthistimelastSunday,from8to9yesterday之类的状语一般用过去进行时五．现在分词的变化规则现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing.直接加、去e加、双写加.还有一点要注意ie要用y来替.现在分词变化规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwash,catch,sleep,study,work,jump,go,push,play,cook,look,speak.washing,catching,sleeping,studying,working,jumping,going,pushing,playing,cooking,looking,speaking.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ingmake,ride,take,dance,write,arrive,drive,move,live,come,have.making,riding,taking,dancing,writing,arriving,driving,moving,living,coming,having.以重读闭音节（重读闭音节是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音）结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加-ingsit,get,swim,cut,put,begin,open,listen,stop,run,fit,forget.sitting,getting,swimming,cutting,beginning,opening,listening,stopping,running,fitting,forgetting.少数几个以ie结尾的动词，要变ie为y,再加-ingtie,die,lietying,dying,lying.以ic结尾的动词,要把ic变成ick再加ingpicnictrafficpicnickingtrafficking【大展身手】1．—Hey，lookwhereyouaregoing!———0h，I’mterriblysorry．．A．I’mnotnoticingB．1wasn’tnoticingC．Ihaven’tnoticedD．Idon’tnotice2．Hehislegwhenheinafootballmatchagainstanotherschoo1．A．broke；playedB．wa