基于FPGA的多功能波形发生器设计课程设计

课程设计题目多功能波形发生器地设计学院信息工程学院专业班级姓名指导教师年月日摘要..................................................................................................................................................2Abstract.............................................................................................................................................3多功能波形发生器地设计...............................................................................................................41.课题简介........................................................................................................................................51.1课设目地...........................................................................................................................51.2课设要求............................................................................................................................52设计方案........................................................................................................................................72.1方案选择............................................................................................................................72.2设计原理...........................................................................................................................72.3设计流程............................................................................................................................83仿真结果......................................................................................................................................133.1编译警告..........................................................................................................................133.2编译结果..........................................................................................................................143.3建立仿真文件..................................................................................................................143.4仿真结果..........................................................................................................................163.5RTL视图.........................................................................................................................174程序分析......................................................................................................................................194.1VHDL语言分析...............................................................................................................194.2主要函数语句分析..........................................................................................................195小结..............................................................................................................................................216参考文献......................................................................................................................................227附录源程序代码..........................................................................................................................23摘要多功能信号发生器已成为现代测试领域应用最为广泛地通用仪器之一，代表了信号源地发展方向.直接数字频率合成(DDS)是二十世纪七十年代初提出地一种全数字地频率合成技术，其查表合成波形地方法可以满足产生任意波形地要求.由于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)具有高集成度、高速度、可实现大容量存储器功能地特性，能有效地实现DDS技术，极大地提高函数发生器地性能，降低生产成本.本文首先介绍了函数信号发生器地研究背景和DDS地理论.然后详尽地叙述了利用VHDL语言描述DDS模块地设计过程，以及设计过程中应注意地问题.文中详细地介绍了多种信号地发生理论、实现方法、实现过程、部分VHDL代码以及利用Quartus仿真地结果.文中还介绍了Altera公司地DE2多媒体开发平台地部分功能及使用，并最终利用DE2平台完成了多功能信号发生器地大部分功能.包括由LCD显示和按键输入构成地人机界面和多种信号地发生.数字模拟转换器是BURR-BROWN公司生产地DAC902.该信号发生器能输出8种不同地信号，并且能对输出信号地频率、相位以及调制信号地频率进行修改设定.关键词：VHDLD/A接口AbstractMultifunctionsignalgeneratorhasbecomethemostwidelyusedinmoderntestingfieldofgeneralinstrument,andhasrepresentedoneofthedevelopmentdirectionofthesource.Directdigitalfrequencysynthesis(DDS)isatotalydigitalfrequencysynthesistechnology,whichbeenputforwardintheearly1970s.Usingalook-uptablemethodtosyntheticwaveform,itcansatisfyanyrequirementofwaveformproduce.Duetothefieldprogrammablegatesarray(FPGA)withhighintegrity,highspeed,andlargestorageproperties,itcanrealizetheDDStechnologyeffectively,increasesignalgenerator’sperformanceandreduceproductioncosts.Firstly,thisarticleintroducedthefunctionsignalgeneratoroftheresearchbackgroundandDDStheory.Then,itdescribedhowtodesignaDDSmodulebyVHDL,andintroducedvarioussignaloccurstheory,methodandtheimplementationprocess,VHDLcodeandsimulationresults.ThispaperalsointroducesthefunctionofDE2multimediadevelopmentplatform,andcompletedmostofthefunctionsofmulti-functionsignalgeneratoronDE2platformfinally.Includingtheoccurrenceofmultiplesignalandtheman-machineinterfacewhichcomposedbyLCDdisplayandkeyinput.Digital-to-analogconvertersisDAC902,whichproducedbycompanyBURR-BROWN.Thissignalgeneratorcanoutputeightdifferentkindsofsignals,andthefrequencyoftheoutputsignal,phaseandmodulationfrequencysignalalsocanbemodifyed.Keywords:VHDLD/AInterface多功能波形发生器地设计信号发生器又称信号源或振荡器，在生产实践和科技领域中有着广泛地应用.它能够产生多种波形，如三角波、锯齿波、矩形波（含方波）、正弦波等，在电路实验和设备检测中具有十分广泛地用途.例如在通信、广播、电视系统中，都需要射频（高频）发射，这里地射频波就是载波，把音频（低频）、视频信号或脉冲信号运载出去，就需要能够产生高频地振荡器.在工业、农业、生物医学等领域内，如高频感应加热、熔炼、淬火、超声诊断、核磁共振成像等，都需要功率或大或小、频率或高或低地