年产20万吨铜电解槽设计

辽宁科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）第I页年产20万吨铜电解槽设计摘要本文主要设计了一座年产20万吨铜的电解铜精炼车间，根据已知条件，选定操作技术条件、经济技术指标、主体设备设计及冶金计算等内容。根据已知条件及结合铜电解槽工艺的实际条件，本设计所生产的电铜纯度为99.9941%，电解过程所使用电流强度为25000A，槽电压为0.3V，电流密度为320A/m2，电解液温度是60℃，电解液循环速度为30L/min，电解槽设计内尺寸为4150×1120×1430mm，电解槽数为860个，车间采用双跨布置。然后根据冶金计算得出铜电解槽的阳极泥成分、阴极铜的成分、物料平衡、有害杂质在电解液中的允许含量以及净化过程中杂质的脱除效率及热平衡等重要数据。绘制出铜电解精炼电解槽安装图。关键词：铜电解精炼，工艺设计，物料平衡，热平衡DesignofAnnualOutputof200000TonsCopperElectrolytic辽宁科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）第II页TankAbstractThispapermainlydesignsarefiningworkshopwithanannualoutputof200000tonsofcopperelectrolyticcopper,underthegivenconditions,theselectedoperationtechnicalconditions,economicandtechnicalindicators,themainequipmentdesignandmetallurgicalcalculationetc.Onthebasisoftheknownconditionsandcombiningwiththeactualconditionsofcopperelectrolysisprocess,thedesignoftheproductionofelectricalcopperpurity99.9941%,electrolyticprocessbyusingthestrengthofthecurrent25000A,slotvoltage0.3V,thecurrentdensityforthe320A/m2,electrolytetemperatureis60℃,electrolytecirculationratewas30L/min,designofaluminiumelectrolyticcellsizeis4150x1120x1430mm,electrolyticcellnumberfor860workshopfeaturesdoublespanarrangement.AndthencalculatedbasedonMetallurgicalelectrolytictroughofcopperanodeslimecomposition,cathodecopperthecomposition,thematerialbalance,harmfulimpuritiesintheelectrolyteandallowscontentpurificationimpurityremovalefficiencyandthermalequilibrium,andotherimportantdata.Drawouttheelectrolyticrefiningofcopperelectrolysisinstallationdrawing.KeyWords:Copperelectrolysisrefining,Processdesign,Materialbalance,Heatbalance辽宁科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文）第III页目录1绪论.........................................................................................................11.1铜的基本性质..................................................................................................11.2铜的用途..........................................................................................................11.3铜资源的分部..................................................................................................21.3.1世界铜矿分部状况................................................................................21.3.2中国铜矿种类及分部状况....................................................................31.4铜的生产方法..................................................................................................41.4.1火法炼铜................................................................................................41.4.2湿法炼铜................................................................................................51.5现代炼铜新技术..............................................................................................61.5.1闪速熔炼................................................................................................71.5.2艾萨炼铜法............................................................................................71.5.3白银炼铜法............................................................................................71.5.4奥斯麦特炼铜法....................................................................................81.5.5水口山炼铜法........................................................................................81.6电解精炼的目的..............................................................................................91.7设计的内容及意义..........................................................................................91.7.1设计的内容............................................................................................91.7.2设计的意义..........................................................................................102铜的电解精炼的工艺流程及基本原理..............................................112.1铜的电解精炼的工艺流程............................................................................112.2铜电解精炼的基本原理................................................................................112.2.1电解过程的电极反应..........................................................................122.2.2一价铜离子的形成与影响................................................................132.2.3阳极杂质在电解过程中的行为..........................................................133技术条件及技术经济指标的选择......................................................163.1操作技术条件................................................................................................163.1.1电流密度..............................................................................................163.1.2电解液成分..........................................................................................163.1.3电解液温度..........................................................................................173.1.4电解液循环..........................................................................................173.1.5添加剂..................................................................................................193.1.6同极中心距..........................................................................................203.1.7阳极溶解周期和阴极周期..................................................................213.2技术经济指标..................................................................................