高中英语一轮复习基础语法精选课件定语从句--齐全(23张PPT)

TheAttributiveClauses1.由关系代词(who/whom/which/that/as/whose)引导的定语从句1).Theboy__isstandingoverthereisTom.who2).Thewatch___isonthetableisJohn’s.which3).Theman___youmetjustnowisMr.Li.whom4).Thisisthepen___Iboughtyesterday.which5).Thisisthegirl___parentsareteachers.whose6).Thebook____coverisblueishis.whose7).Thisisall___Icandoforyou.that8).Ihavethesamebook___Tomhas.as只能用that，不用which的情形：a.当先行词为anything,nothing,something,everything,all,little,much等不定代词时；b.当先行词前有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,theonly,thevery,thelast等词修饰词修饰时；c.当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；d.当先行词既有表示人又有表示事物的词时；e.当句子前面有who/which进行特殊提问时；Eg.1).Thisisthebestfilm____Ihaveeverseen.2).Tom’sthefirstboy___cameintotheroom.3).Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?4).Thisistheverybook____Iwanttoget.5).Theytalkedthepeopleandthethings___theybothknewverywell.6).Whichisthebook_____youlikebest?答案均为that只用which，不用that的情况：a.引导非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开)时；b.引导词前有介词时；c.一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导；e.g.Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime2.由“介词+关系代词(whom/which)”引导的定语从句1).Theman_________youtalkedjustnowisMr.Wu.to/withwhom2).Thisistheroom_________Tomwasborn.inwhich3).Thisisthewindow_________thethiefranaway.throughwhich4).Thisistheman_________youwillwork.withwhom5).Ilostthepen_________Iwrotetheletter.withwhich6).Leifengisagoodexample_______wecanlearnalot.fromwhom7).Idon’tliketheway_______hetalkswithothers.inwhich3.由关系副词(when/where/why)引导的定语从句1).I’llneverforgettheday____Ijoinedthearmy.when2).Thisisthefactory___myfatherusedtowork.where3).Idon’tthereason____hewaslateforschool.why4).I'llrememberthedays_____westayedtogetherinthecountry.when5).Thisistheschool_____Tomstudies.where6).Thisisthereason____herefusedthegift.why7).Thisistheway_____hedid.that4.非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用，一般不可缺少；非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。e.g.1.Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.2.I’vegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith.1).Alice,_____youhavemetsomewhere,cametoseemeyesterday.who2).TheyvisitedtheGreatWallofChina,_____isfamousallovertheworld.which3).Tomlefthomewithouttellinganyone,_____madeusveryworried.which4).____weallknow,Tomisacleverboy.As5).Hegaveadvice,some________isuseful.ofwhich6).Tomlivesinaroom,thewindows_________facetothesea.ofwhich7).Theysentmefiftybooks,twenty__________arestorybooksofwhich补充练习题1.Thisisthefactory______wevisitedlastSummer.which2.Thisisthefactory______theTVsetsweremade.where3.Thisisthefactoryat_____Ilearnedsomeusefulskills.which4.I’llneverforgetthedays_____wespenttogetherinthecountry.which5.I’llneverforgetthedays_____IlivedinLondon.when6.I’llneverforgetthedaysduring_____westudiedtogetherintheschool.which7.Thisisthereason______hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.why8.Thisisthereason______hegaveforhisbeinglateforclassyesterday.which9.Thisisthereason_____hedidn’tattendthepartyfor.which10.Idon’tliketheway_____hetalkswithothers.that11.Healwaysdoeseverythingintheway_____doesn’tdoharmtoothers.which12.Iwanttobuythesamebook______youhave.as如何正确选用定语从句中的引导词要做到正确的选用定语从句中的引导词，必须有两个知识基础：一是要认识到任何从句一定是个意思完整的句子。二是要掌握和熟悉简单句的几种基本句型。有了这两点认识的话，我提出在选用定语从句中的引导词的过程中，一定要注重对定语从句部分进行句子成分的划分和理解及判别。下面我就谈谈大致的几个操作步骤：Step1:在整个句子中准确的找到定语从句部分，包括待填的引导词在内，划分除去待填的引导词之外的句子成分，进而依据句子的完整性确定该引导词应充当什么成分。Step2:在上一步骤中如果确定引导词该做主语、宾语或表语的话，就该选用关系代词；如果确定引导词只是充当状语的话，就该选用关系副词Step3:在上一步中如果确定了选用关系代词的话，再看前面的先行词是表示人还是事物，如果是修饰人就确定用who(主语)，whom(宾语)；如果是修饰事物的话就确定选用which(主语或宾语)，既可引导修饰人又可引导修饰事物的是that(主语或宾语)。在上一步骤中如果确定引导词只是充当状语的话，再看前面的先行词是表示何种感念的词，如果是表示场所的词，就该选用where;如果是表示时间的词，就该选用when;如果是表示原因的词（reason）,就该选用why.从以上步骤可以看出关键是要能正确的分析出定语从句部分的句子成分，下面我就常见的一些可能出现的句型情况分析如下:1.先行词（______谓语（不及物动词））此时引导词该做主语，应选用关系代词。1)Theboy______isstandingoverthereisTom.2)Thebook_______isfallingoffthedeskismine.2.先行词（_______谓语＋宾语）此时引导词该做主语，应选用关系代词。1)Thegirl______isplayingtennisismysister.2)Theman______gavemeabookjustnowisProfessorLi.3.先行词(_____系＋表)此时引导词该做主语，应选用关系代词。1)Thewatch_____isonthetableisJohn’s.2)Theboy_____isthetallestinourclassisLiPing4.先行词（___主语＋谓语（及物动词））此时引导词该做及物动词后的宾语，应选关系代词。1)Theman______youmetjustnowisTom’sfather.2)Thisisthepen____Iboughtyesterday.3)Ilikethedictionary_____myfathersentmeonmybirthday.5.先行词（____主语＋系）此时引导词该做表语，应选用关系代词。1）Ihaveneverseensuchalazyboy____youare.6.先行词（______主语＋谓语（不及物动词）＋介词）此时引导词做介词后的宾语，应选用关系代词，常常这时介词可与可以提到关系代词前面去。1)Theman______youtalkedwithjustnowisMr.Wu.2)Thisisthewindow______thethiefranawaythrough.3)Theroom______hewasborninwasveryold.4)Thisisthemanager_____youwillworkfor.7.先行词（_____主语＋谓语＋宾语＋介词）此时引导词做介词后的宾语，应选用关系代词，这种情况下介词往往都可以提到关系代词前面去。1)Thisistheshopin______Iboughtmycomputerlastyear.2)LeiFengisagoodexamplefrom_____wecanlearnalot.3)Thisisthepenwith______Iwrotetheletterlastnight.8.先行词（____主语＋谓语（不及物动词））此时引导词既不做主语也不做宾语，只可能充当状语，就该选用关系副词。1)Thisisthefactory_______myfatherusedtowork.2)Thisistheroom_______Luxunwasborn.3)Iwillneverforgetthedays_____westayedtogetherinthecountry.4)October,1st1949wastheday______thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.5)Idon'tknowthereason______hedidn’tcomeyesterday.9.先行词（______主语＋谓语＋宾语）此时引导词既不做主语也不做宾语，只可能充当状语，该选用关系副词。1)Thisisthebookstore______Iboughtmydictionarylastyear.2)