Intelligent-Traffic-Light-Control-System-Based-Ima

IInntteelllliiggeennttTTrraaffffiiccLLiigghhttCCoonnttrroollSSyysstteemmBBaasseeddIImmaaggeeIInntteennssiittyyMMeeaassuurreemmeennttMMuuzzhhiirrSS..AAll--AAnniiKKhhaattttaabbAAll--HHeeeettiiIINNTTEELLLLIIGGEENNTTTTRRAAFFFFIICCLLIIGGHHTTCCOONNTTRROOLLSSYYSSTTEEMMBBAASSEEDDIIMMAAGGEEIINNTTEENNSSIITTYYMMEEAA[e-mail][e-mail]-AnbarUniversity-CollegeofComputerScience-IraqAAbbssttrraacctt::Vehiclesgrowthleadstoabigproblemovertheworldincludingincrowdedcities.Theintelligenttrafficcontrolalgorithmisimplementedtointroducemanyparameters,suchasthecrowdedroads,theemergencyvehiclesandtheintersectionofroads.Intelligentcamerasareconnectedforcapturingreal-timetrafficflowimagesofeachdirection.Thecontrolsystemcanautomaticallyadjustthetrafficlightcontrolparametersaccordingtothechangesoftrafficflowindifferentdirections,therebyincreasingthetrafficefficiencyofintersectionofroadsandachievingabestcontrolfortraffic.Thisworkneedsastudyoftrafficcontroloverthecitythatwillbeimplemented.KeyWords:IntelligentTrafficControlSystem,TrafficControlSystem,TrafficManagementSystem,VehiclesControlSystem,TrafficCongestion.I.INTRODUCTIONMillionsofvehiclespassviaroadsandcitieseveryday.Variouseconomic,socialandculturalfactorsaffectgrowthoftrafficcongestion.Theamountoftrafficcongestionhasmajorimpactsonaccidents,lossoftime,costofmoney,delayofemergency,etc.Duetotrafficcongestionsthereisalossinproductivityfromworkers,peoplelosetime,tradeopportunitiesarelost,deliverygetsdelay,andtherebythecostsgoesonincreasing.Tosolvethesecongestionproblemsitisbettertobuildnewfacilitiesandinfrastructurebutatthesametimemakeitsmart.Manytrafficlightsystemsoperateonatimingmechanismthatchangesthelightsafteragiveninterval.Anintelligenttrafficlightsystemsensesthepresenceorabsenceofvehiclesandreactsaccordingly.Theideabehindintelligenttrafficsystemsisthatdriverswillnotspendunnecessarytimewaitingforthetrafficlightstochange.Anintelligenttrafficsystemdetectstrafficinmanydifferentways.Theoldersystemusesweightasatriggermechanism.Currenttrafficsystemsreacttomotiontotriggerthelightchanges.Oncetheinfraredobjectdetectorpicksupthepresenceofacar,aswitchcausesthelightstochange.Inordertoaccomplishthis,algorithmsareusedtogoverntheactionsofthetrafficsystem.Whiletherearemanydifferentprogramminglanguagestoday,someprogrammingconceptsareuniversalinBooleanLogic.II.LITRETUREREVIEWSThefieldoftrafficcontrolplaysanimportantpartinourlifesomanypapersandresearchesarepublishedtosolvethetrafficproblems.Someofthesepapersareexplainedbelow:A.Albaguldesignedandimplementedasuitablealgorithmanditssimulationforanintelligenttrafficsignalsimulator.Thesystemdevelopedisabletosensethepresenceorabsenceofvehicleswithincertainrangebysettingtheappropriatedurationforthetrafficsignalstoreactaccordingly[1].MahmoudTaghizadehetal.presentedageneralizedframeworkforintegratingsimulatorandavehicletrafficsimulatorforrapidprototypingandevaluationofdedicatedshortrangcommunicationbasedonvehicularcommunicationprotocolsandtheirapplicationsinthecontextofintelligenttransportsystem.Theresultingintegratedsimulatorisutilizedtoinvestigatethe288performanceofthecollisionavoidanceapplications[2].AyadM.Turkyetal.describedthedesignofanintelligenttrafficlightcontrolbasedongeneticalgorithm.Thedevelopedalgorithmisusedtosimulatethesituationofanisolatedintersectionbasedonthistechnology.Thentheperformanceofthegeneticalgorithmcontrollerwascomparedwiththeconventionalfixedtimecontroller[3].KhalidA.S.Al-Khateebetal.explainedtrafficcongestionandtidalflowmanagementasmajorproblemsinurbanareas,whichhavecausedmuchfrustrationandlossofmanhours.Anintelligentradiofrequencyidentificationtrafficcontrolsystemhasbeendevelopedtosolvethecongestionproblems.RFIDtechnologywithappreciatealgorithmanddatabasewereappliedtoprovideanefficienttimemanagementscheme[4].ShweYiAyedemonstratedcartrafficcontrolsystemusingLANnetworking.Theobtainedresultsshowedreductioninnormalrecurring,significantlyenhancedoperationaltoolscongestiontoeffectivelymanagetrafficincident,reducedpollution,andfasterresponse,improvepublictransport,reductioninemergencyresponsetime[5].VisitHirankittietal.proposedaMultiagentapproachforintelligenttrafficlightcontrolthatconsistofagentsandtheirworld(cars,networks,trafficlights...etc).Eachoftheseagentscontrolsalltrafficlightsatoneroadjunctionbyanobserve-think-actcycle.Thisapproachshowedthatacomplicatedproblemoftrafficlightcontrolonalargeroadnetworkcanbesolvedelegantlybytherulebasedmultiagentapproach[6].Ta-Hsiangetal.,utilizedTimedColoredPetriNet(TCPN)asavisualformalismforthemodelingofaurbantrafficlightsystem.Anewdesigntoolisproposedtostateandsolvetheproblemoftrafficsignaltimingplans.ThenasupervisorofthetrafficlightsystemiscompletedwhoseoperationflowismodeledbyTCPNmodels.Theintendedadvantageofthismoduleisthatdesignerscanextendthemoduletomeetcomplextrafficlightsystems[7].LawrenceY.Dengetal.improvedthevideosurveillanceandselfadaptiveurbantrafficsignalcontrolsystemtoachievethedevelopmenttrendinintel