我国海水钾资源开发利用技术现状与发展趋势

袁俊生张林栋刘燕兰吕铮(300130)(300450):在我国海水钾资源的开发是人们广泛关注的问题本文论述了国内苦卤提钾和海水提钾的工艺路线和技术经济指标,分析了各种工艺的特色优缺点和发展现状,并提出了发展我国海水钾资源利用技术的建议:海水;苦卤;氯化钾;硫酸钾;硝酸钾:TQ131.1+3:A:1001-2214(2002)02-0001-06PresentStatusandProspectoftheTechnologyofDevelopmentandUtilizationofSeawaterPotassiumResourcesinChinaYuanJunshengZhangLindongLuZhengAbstract:ThedevelopmentofpotassiumSaltsresourcesinseawaterwidelydeservesattentioninChina.Thetechnologicalcourses,andtechnologicalandeconomicaldataofrecoveryofpotassiumSaltsfrombitternandseawaterweredescribedinthePapor.Thespecialties,andadvantagesanddisadvantages,andprospectsofvariousmethodswerealsodiscussed.ThesuggestionsofdevelopmentoftechnologiesofextractingofpotassiumSaltsfromseawaterinChinawereproposed.Keywords:Seawater;Bittern;Potassiumchloride;Potassiumsulfate;PotassiumNitrate:2001-10-201,10.420.30,10.380.13,,,50,0.2%[1],2000100t,,,,500t,,,80,500t,,,,,,2,,K+13g/l~15g/l,30,2000t,1800m3[2],30t(K2O)2050,21苦卤提取氯化钾技术[3]2060,5t/a,7080K+Na+Mg2+SO=4Cl-!H2O,,1,131211(31∀B)m3/tKCl50t/tKCl25kW.h/tKCl1200m3/tKCl10%60~751,,,,1t1000,,:[4]#∃[5][6],,22苦卤提取硫酸钾技术,2090,,,,,[7],:[8],2,222(31∀B)m3/tK2SO415.66t/tK2SO40.89t/tK2SO411.17kW.h/tK2SO4293t/tK2SO41.3m3/tK2SO46.0%72.89,,,19951998,19981999,,2000/t1500/t,1t1t,,23苦卤提取钾镁肥技术,11.5~2,,(K2SO4%2MgSO4)(K2SO4%MgSO4%6H2O)(),,#∃[9],3[10],23123(%)K2OMgOSCl-&25&8.3&8.3∋2.5&22&18&22∋1.5IMC26~308~1216~22289(15:[11],(),,,200010,3,434(31∀B)m3/t11.00t/t0.10t/t6.00kW.h/t120t/t0.90m3/t4.0%85.01,,,,,3,,,[12],,,,,,2060,,40,,,31沸石法海水提取氯化钾技术[12],,K+Na+,,4,55m3/tKCl3000t/tKCl3.0t/tKCl12.0/tKCl350mgK+/g4~6t/tKCl8.0%90~9319751983,,,,,32海水卤水提取硫酸钾工艺[12],#∃#∃#∃,#∃,:(1),;(2),(3)33124,;(4)[13]5,66m3/tK2SO42000m3/tK2SO430t/tK2SO410/tK2SO4300mgK+/g6~8t/tK2SO45.80%K2O:50~52/t2000~2200,,,33海水提取硫酸钾高效节能技术,#∃#∃,,,,,,,;()();56,77m3/tK2SO41000m3/tK2SO415m3/tK2SO430t/tK2SO43.5/tK2SO4100mgK+/g15~18()t/tK2SO45.20%K2O:50~52/t110020001,,)),,34海水提取硝酸钾技术,,,43126,,,,:,7,88m3/tKNO32000t/tKNO31.00t/tKNO30.01t/tKNO30.50t/tKNO35.0/tKNO3300mgK+/g18~20(100%)t/tKNO30.17%K2O:46;N:16/t180020018,,7(),,4,18000km,,,,,41建立沸石法海水提取硫酸钾高效节能技术示范工程,为产业化推广奠定基础,,#6000t/a∃#∃,#∃,20006,,6000t/a,,42尽快进行沸石法海水提取硝酸钾中试技术研究,为工业化技术开发提供依据,5312,,,,#∃#∃,43积极促进钾镁肥应用推广工作,为充分利用苦卤钾资源提供市场前提条件,(),(),IMC,,[9],,44继续研制海水提钾新产品新方法,为大规模开发海水钾资源提供技术储备,,#∃,:(1);(2);(3);(4),,,,,,,,[][1],[J],,1999,2:7~10[2],,2000,2[3],[M],,1994,1[4],[J],,2000,1,35~37[5],[P],:89105351[6],[J],,1999,8:[7],[P],:88102730[8],[J],,2000,1:26~28,36[9]Samkincheloe,[C],,,1995,10[10],[M],,1990:779[11],[J],,1998,1:26~29[12],[C],,,1997,2[13],[J],,2001,10:5~7#∃,,,,10m~15m,,,4%2t,,6312