(完整版)人教版英语八年级下册Unit2教育机构讲义

第1页共14页人教版英语八年级下册Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）【教材内容解析】SectionA1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.(P.9)①helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事(1)Canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?②helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事Heoftenhelpshismothercleandohousework.(2)cleanup意为“打扫干净”Nancy,pleasecleanupyourroom.2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.(P.9)cheerup意为“使开心”，代词用作宾语时，要当在cheer和up之间。Cheerup!EverythingwillbeOK.3.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.(P.9)giveout意为“分发、散发”，相当于handout。Herearesometoys.Pleasegivethemouttothechildren.4.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.(P.9)volunteer用作动词，表示“义务做、自愿做”，后接不定式作宾语，volunteertodosth.“志愿做某事”。Tomvolunteeredtohelpus.5.Let’smakesomenotices,too.(P.10)also,too,aswell与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。Healsowantstogo.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。Hewantstogo,either.aswell用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。Hewantstogoaswell.either用于否定句句末。Hedoesn’twanttogoeither第2页共14页6.WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityparkClean-UpDay.(P.10)comeupwith表示“相出、提出（主意或者想法）”。Maybeshecancomeupwithagoodidea.7.Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?(P.10)helpout意为“帮忙分担、帮……一把”。BillhelpedmeoutwhenIwasintrouble.8.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.(P.10)辨析：be/getusedtodoingsth.,usedtodosth.与beusedtodosth.be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事HisfatherisusedtowatchingTVbeforegoingtobed.usedtodosth.过去经常做某事Theboyusedtoplaycomputergames.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Moreandmorewoodisusedtomakepaper.9.Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.(P.10)lonely作形容词表示“孤独的、荒凉的、偏僻的”；alone既可以作形容词也可以作副词，作形容词时只能作表语，不能作定语。Hefeelslonelyathomehimself.Itisalonelymountain.Hisgrandfatherwasalone.MrSmithlivesalone.10.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.(P.10)carefor意为“照顾、照料”，后接名词或者代词作宾语，相当于lookafter或者takecareof。Shecaresforherlittlebrotherafterschool.11.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.(P.11)such用作形容词，表示“这样、如此”，用来修饰名词，可以修饰可数名词单数，也可以修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。It’ssuchaniceday.Ihopetohavesuchdeliciousfoodeveryday.12.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.(P.11)attheageof表示“在……岁时”，表示年龄。第3页共14页Hestartedschoolattheageofsix.13.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.(P.11)tryoutfor意为“参加……选拔、争取成为……”。Manyboystriedoutforthefootballteam.14.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.(P.12)atthesametime意为“同时”。YoucannotdoyourhomeworkandwatchTVatthesametime.15.Ourclassistryingto...(P.12)①trytodosth.“尽力做某事”Thedoctortriestosavethesickgirl.②trydoingsth.“尝试做某事”Theboytriedplayingthepiano.SectionB1.Itakeaftermymother.(P.13)takeafter意为“长得像”。Marytakesafterherfather.2.Ifixeditup.(P.13)fixup意为“修理”，代词作宾语时，放在fix和up中间。Mycomputerdoesn’twork.Canyoufixitupforme?3.Igaveitaway.(P.13)giveaway意为“捐赠、赠送”，还可以表示“泄露（秘密）”。Mysistergaveawayhertoystothepoorchildren.Don’tgiveawaythesecret.4.I’msimilartoher.(P.13)besimilarto意为“与……相似”，besimilarin“在……方面类似”。Herideasaresimilartomine.Thetwinsaresimilarinappearances.5.Ididn’tkeepit.(P.13)①keepsth.保留某物第4页共14页Youcankeepthebookuntilthenextweekend.②keepdoingsth.一直做某事Thethiefstillkeptstealingthingsafterhewentoutoftheprison.③keep+adj.保持……Thegirleatsalittletokeepslim.④keepsb./sth.+adj./介词短语保持某人/某物……Weshouldkeepthewindowopenwhileweareasleep.Mymotherkeepsthevegetablesinthefridge.⑤keepsb.doingsth.保持某人做某事Themotherkeptthebabycryingonthebed.6.WhowrotethelettertoMissLi?(P.14)writealettertosb.=writesb.aletter=writetosb.“给某人写信”Heiswriting(aletter)tohisparents.7.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.(P.14)有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。IfinditinterestingtoplaycomputergamesWeallthinkitverydifficulttofinishtheworkinanhour.8.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.(P.14)makeadifferenceto意为“对……有影响、对……起作用”，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。Changingschoolsmadeadifferencetomylife.Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.9.Orimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.(P.14)imagine表示“想象”时，后常接动名词或者从句作宾语。Heoftenimagineshavingabighouse.Youcan’timaginehowfasttheplayerran.10.Ican’tusemyarmsorlegswell,sonormalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.(P.14)bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。第5页共14页Thestudentsbroughttheirhomeworktoschoolinthemorningandtakethemhomeafterschool.11.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.(P.14)train用作及物动词，表示“训练、培训”，trainsb./sth.todosth.“训练某人/某物做某事”。Theytrainthedogstokeepthedoor.12.AftersixmonthsoftrainingwithadogatAnimalHelpers,Iwasabletobringhimhome.(P.14)beableto意为“能，会”，表示能力，与can同义。Inthefuture,studentswillbeabletostudyathomewiththehelpofcomputers.【拓展】辨析：beableto与canbeableto强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can强调自身已具有的能力。ShecansingthesonginEnglish.HewillbeabletosingthissonginEnglish,too.【重点短语和句型归纳】重点短语1.Clean-UpDay清洁日2.anoldpeople’shome养老院3.helpoutwithsth.帮助解决困难4.usedto曾经……；过去……5.carefor关心；照顾6.thelookofjoy快乐的表情7.attheageof在……岁时8.cleanup打扫(或清除)干净9.cheerup(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来10.giveout分发；散发11.comeupwith想出；提出12.makeaplan制订计划13.makesomenotices做些公告牌14.tryout试用；试行15.workfor为……工作；为……效力16.putup建造；举起；张贴第6页共14页17.handout分发；散发；发给18.callup打电话；召集19.putoff推迟；延迟2