土木工程专业英语论文

2012-2013学年第二学期专业英语考试论文姓名xxxxxxx学号xxxxxxxxxxx院系土木工程与建筑系专业土木工程年级xxxxxxxxxxxxxx任课教师xxxxxx2013年6月18日1TheDevelopmentHistoryandFutureofSteelStructureAbstract:Morethan30years,themodernbuildingmaterialsbyusingsteel,glass,membranematerialsandthecorrespondingstructure,constructiontechnologyandconstructionprocessofbuildingupthesteelstructurebuilding,completelychangedthepreviousarchitecturemodel,ideaandmethodofarchitecturaldesignwillchange.Steelisahighstrength,highperformancematerialswithveryhighvalue,recycling,scraphasvalue.Seismicperformanceofsteelstructure,flexibleuse,constructionisnotconsumewood,steeltemplateandwatermass,alsowon'tproducestrongnoiseandairpollution.Comparedwithotherstructureofconcretefilledsteeltubestructure,havingtheadvantagesofhighbearingcapacity,ductilityandseismicperformance,materialsavingandconvenientconstructioncharacteristics.Forhigh-risebuilding,thesecharacteristicsareparticularlyprominent,Chinainthisfieldhasbeeninaleadingposition.Keyword:DevelopmentSteelStructurebuildingmaterial摘要:30余年来，利用钢格、玻璃、膜材等现代建筑材料及相应的结构、构造技术与施工工艺建筑起来的钢结构建筑，彻底改变了以往建筑造型的模式，建筑设计的理念与方法亦随之嬗变。钢材是一种高强、高效能的材料，具很高的再循环价值，边角料也有价值。钢结构抗震性能好，使用灵活，施工时既不需要耗费大量的木材、钢模板和水，也不会产生强的噪音与空气污染。钢管混凝土结构与其它结构相比，具有承载力高、塑性和抗震性能优越、节省材料和施工简便的特点。用于高层建筑中，这些特点尤为突出，中国在此领域已处于领先地位。关键词:发展钢结构建筑材料Introduction:Breakthroughprogressofconstructionsteelwasstartedinnineteensixties.Morethan30years,themodernbuildingmaterialsbyusingsteel,glass,membranematerialsandthecorrespondingstructure,constructiontechnologyandconstructionprocessofbuildingupthesteelstructurebuilding,completelychangedthepreviousarchitecturemodel,ideaandmethodofarchitecturaldesignwillchange.Today,technologyintegrationandsustainabledevelopment2concepthaswinsupportamongthepeople,bythesteelstructuretechnologyasthebasicmeans,focusonthematerialcharacteristicsandtechnicalperformanceofthearchitecturalcreationtendencyhasbecomethetrendofthetimes.Comparedwithforeigncountries,thedevelopmentofsteelstructurebuildinginChinaisrelativelybackward,inChina'ssteelproductionhasrankedfirstintheworld,steelstructurebuildingbasicconditionsmaturepremise,steelstructuretechnologyhasnotbeeneffectivepromotion,areworthmeditative.Atpresent,thearchitecturaldesignindustryinourcountryisgenerallyinsufficient,understandingofsteelstructureconstructionideaisbackward;nothighenthusiasmforthesteelstructuresystem,managementandNo.Theseareseriousobstaclestothesteelstructureinthefurtherdevelopmentofourcountry.1.Thedevelopmenthistory,foreignsteelstructurebuildingMetalstructurewasfirstusedinbuildinghousescanbetracedbacktoeighteenthCenturyisnotenglish.Becauseatthattimethecottonmillfrequentfires,sotheironintheframeworkofbuildingstructure.100yearslater,theUnitedStatesofChicagoschoolhasbuiltanumberofsteelskyscrapers,FrenchengineerEiffelbuiltthefamoustower,metalbuildinghasnowenteredthefirstgloriousera.Atthattime,peoplebuiltthemetalstructureofthesingle-familyhousing,somemetalhousing,stillingoodcondition.Inmorethanhalfacenturylater,theriseofthereinforcedconcretestructure,metallostitsreputationandcharminthearchitecturalfield,mainlyusedfortheconstructionoffactories,suchashangars.Steelstructurebuildinginthenineteensixtiesbeginagainwithnewdevelopment.Constructionsteeltobeabreakthrough,computershavealsobegunearlyapplication,allthestructuresystemsofmetalbuildingisbecomingmoreandmoremature.70intheFrenchPompidouculturalcenterbuilt,high-techtrendbegantoappear;tothe80,90time,Renaultautopartsdistributioncenter,HongkongHSBC,theFrenchLyonAirportTGVrailwaystation,KansaiInternationalAirport,thesteelstructuretoanewhighdegree.Atthesametime,thearchitectsinthesmallproject,thesteelstructuretechnologyplayedmostincisive,suchasthedesignofFRANCEarchitecturestudiostudentrestaurant,JulesVarna,theUnitedStatesofAmericaABCcompanymanufacturinghighresidence.Inparticular,thewesterndevelopedcountrieshaveputforwardaprojectofmetalbuildingconcept,preengineeredmetalbuildingreferstoabuildingstructureisdividedintoseveralmodulesisprocessedinfactory,sothatthedesign,manufacture3andinstallationofsteelstructurebuildingtointegration,whichgreatlyreducesthecostofconstruction(structure10lowerthantraditional~20%),shortentheconstructionperiod,thecomprehensiveadvantagesofsteelstructurearemoreobvious.Inthenewstructure,manycountrieshaveincreasedresearchefforts,nowhasbeenbuiltoveraspanof1000multralargedomeandaheightofmorethan1000mupto4000mofsupertallbuilding.Alsotherearealotoflargespanandspacesteelstructure,builtin1989,theCanadianTorontoskydome,span205m,canaccommodate70000people,roofisclosedtoallclosedwithairconditioningstadium.Builtin1993,JapanFukuokaindoorstadium,222mindiameter,isopeningspacesteelstructureofcontemporaryworld'slargest.Developmentofmembranestructuresalsoattractpeople'sattention,builtin1992intheUnitedStatesofAmericaAtlantaOlympicGamesMainStadiumtheGeorgiaDome,planesizeis240m×193m,istheworld'slargestspancablehybridstructuresandmembraneroof.Duetotheprogressofscienceandtechnologydevelopmentandthequalityoftheimportanceofsteel,steelstructureisaffirmedbytheadvancedcountries,inEurope,America,Japan