犯罪矫正之历史渊源与发展

第一章　犯罪矯正之歷史淵源與發展第一節　獄政之誕生與演進2000B.C.1700A.D.RetaliationSumerianCodesHammurabiCodes1820141HarryE.AllenandCliffordE.Simonsen,“HistoryandEvolutionofCorrections,”CorrectionsinAmerican.MacmillanPublishingCompany,1989,pp.3-61;ToddR.ClearandGeorgeF.Cole,“TheHistoryofCorrectionalThoughtandPractice,”AmericanCorrections.Brooks/ColePublishingCompany,1986,pp.58-91.獄Cages64Mamertine16BridewellWorkHouse171818HousesofCorrection17001800A.D.18AgeofEnlightmentChalesMontesquieuVoltaireCesareBeccariaJeremyBenthamJohnHowardWilliamPennBenjaminRushWilliamBrandfordPersianLetters17381794AnEssayonCrinmesandPunishmentHedonisticCalculusFatherofthePenitentiaryJohnHoward,172617901773BedfordshireSheriff1777StateofthePrisons1779PenitentiaryNorfolk,Wyndomham164417181718heGreetLawHouseofCorrection獄18001960A.D.1919ThePennsylvaniaSystamTheAuburnSystemSeparateSystemSolitaryConfinement1829EasternStatePenitentiaryOutsideCellSilentSystemInsideCellMaconochieCrofton1870ReformatoryinElmira1630ElimiraZebulonBrockway18291920201940TheIndustrialEraforPrisons1935PunishmentCustodyIndividualTreatementRehabilitation19301950InstitutionalTreatmentCommunity-basedCorrections第二節　我國獄政之沿革與發展181927687-8獄3736109-11028(1)(2)(3)(4)324116獄80131516171742462835119372245797711-71218343536610366715-716獄10415259804143477474