译林八年级下册unit1第一单元测试卷及知识点

译林八年级下册unit1第一单元测试卷及知识点Unit1知识点1.raisevt.筹集，筹募Theyareraisingmoneyforthepeoplewholosthomesintheearthquake.1)举起；抬起Don’traiseyourhand.2)养育；饲养；种植I’mverytiredbecauseImustraiseafamily.3)提高，升高Don’traiseyourvoice.2.Couldyoudosth.?你能做某事吗？，用于委婉地请求别人做某事，could在此不是can的过去式，而是表示一种委婉客气的语气。有时也在you后加pleas，即Couldyoupleasedosth.?—Couldyou(please)closethedoor?—Yes,sure.3.givesb.ahand帮助某人，相当于helpsb.Comeon,letmegiveyouahand.4.talkto与……交谈Iwanttotalktomymotheraboutthebike.Myteacheroftentalkstomeandhelpsme.talkabout谈论（某人、某事等）Pleasetalkaboutthepicture.5.sickadj.生病的Hermotherisverysick.辨析：ill与sicksick作表语生病的，恶心的Hiswifewassickinbedwithacold.作定语生病的Janeistakingcareofhersickmother.ill作表语生病的Shehasbeenillforaboutamonth.作定语坏的Theillboylovesplayingtricksonhiseldersister.6.offerv.主动提出offersth.提出某事Heofferedagoodplanforourholiday.offertodosth.（主动）提出做某事Tomofferedtodriveustothebusstation.offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.（主动）给某人提供某物Weshouldofferothersourhelp.7.duringprep.在……期间Weoftengoswimmingduringthesummer.Hecametoseemeduringmyillness.IonlysawheronceduringmystayinRome.辨析：during,in与forduring用于某事是在某一段时间之内发生时，强调动作或状态的持续性Duringthosethreemonthsheaskedalotofquestions.in一般情况下可与during互换，但表示某一动作发生在某一时间段内时，宜用inWeusuallytakeaholidayinJuly.for用于某事持续多久时Tomwasinschoolforonlythreemonths.8.sufferfromsth.因某事受苦，受折磨，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤的词语，无被动语态。Manyteenagersaresufferingfromthecomputergames.Hischildissufferingfromabadcold.Thiscountryoftensuffersfromfloodsanddrought.9.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事,helpsb.withsth.Heoftenhelpsme(to)studyEnglish.=HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.helponeselftosth.随便吃某物Helpyourselvestosomefish,children.can’thelpdoing禁不住做……Shecan’thelplaughing.10.spendvt.度过，消磨Hespenthisholidayinthecountrywithhisfriends.spend花费Howmuchmoneydoyouspendeachweek?sb.+spend(s)+money/time(in)doingsth.sb.+spend(s)+money/timeonsth.TheyspendalotoftimewatchingTVeveryday.Hedoesn’tspendmuchmoneyonfood.11.lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的Heledalonelylifewithfewfriends.辨析：lonely与alonelonely形容词表语孤独的；寂寞的主观感受定语偏僻的；荒凉的alone形容词表语孤单的；孤独的客观感受副词状语单独地；独自地12.difficulty[U]困难，费劲havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难Ihaddifficulty(in)workingoutthemathsproblems.havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有麻烦haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有问题havefun(in)doingsth.做某事有乐趣13.read,look,see与watch1)read阅读，常用于看书、看报等。Ilikereadingbooksathome.2)look指集中注意力地看，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要和at连用。Look!Tomisoverthere.Lookattheblackboard,please.3)see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见，看到”。Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetree?4)watch强调“专注地看”有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。DoyouwatchTVatnight?14.inhospital生病住院，inthehospital在医院里，两者的含义有差别MrWuhasinhospitallastweek.Myparentsareinthehospitalnow.15.decide决定1）decid(not)todosth.Theydecide(not)totellTomaboutit.2)decideon(doing)sth.决定（做）某事Theydecideonflyingkites.1)decide+that从句Shehasdecidedthatshewillbeadoctorinthefuture.makeadecision作决定Hehasmadeadecisiontobecomeasailor.16.forgetvt.忘记辨析：forgettodosth.forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.忘记要做某事（不定式表示未发生）Iforgottoopenthedoor.forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事（动名词表示动作已发生）Iforgotopeningthedoor.17.takepartin参加，通常用于群众性活动、劳动、游行等。侧重参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时可与joinin互换。WillyoutakepartintheEnglishevening?Allthestudentstookanactivepartinthethoroughcleaning.辨析：takepartin,join与joinintakepartin常用来指参加某项活动，并在活动中起一定作用TheytookpartinthegamelastFridy.join指参加某个组织并成为该组织中的一个成员HejoindthePartylastyear.joinin通常指参加某项活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动Wealljoinedthesinging.18.辨析which与whatwhich哪一个，哪一些,在已知的人或物中进行选择，可被of短语修饰Whichofthesebookshaveyouread?Whichdoyoulikebest,apples,pearsorbananas?what什么,在未知的范围内进行选择，不可被of短语修饰Whichwouldyouliketoeat?Whatcolourisit?63.closeto靠近Thehotelisclosetothebeach.1)v.关闭；关上Closethedoor,please.2)adj.近的；亲密的；封闭的Weareclosefriends.3)adj.关着的；关闭的Thedoorisclosed.一、单项选择。()1．—Doyourparentshavethesamehobby?—No．Myfatherlikesplaying________chesswhilemymotherenjoysplayingpiano．A．／；theB．／；／C．the；／D．the；the()2．Iwasbornthereandhaveknownthatoldmuseum________Iwasveryyoung．A．forB．sinceC．becauseD．so()3．Noisepollutionwasaseriousproblemhere_________．A．sincethenB．inthefutureC．onceaweekD．inthepast()4．Thereareaboutlive__________youngtreesonthehill．A．hundredB．hundredsC．hundredofD．hundredsof()5．Wecan’tfindZhangHong．Where_________he_________?A．does；goB．does；goneC．did；goneD．has；gone()6．(2009苏州)Ittookthefirementwohoursto________thefire．A．putoutB．putupC．putonD．putaway()7．—_______haveyouknowneachother?—Sincewewereinourchildhood．A．HowfarB．HowoftenC．HowlongD．Howsoon()8．Mygrandfatherlivesinavillage________，butheneverfeels_________．A．alone；aloneB．lonely；aloneC．lonely；lonelyD．alone；lonely()9．WiththehelpoftheInternet，newscan_______everycorneroftheworldeasily．A．reachB．arriveC．getD．go二、完形填空．MrLihadneverbeenupinanairplanebeforeandhehadreadalotaboutaccidents．Soonedaywhenafriendcametohishouseandwantedtotakehimforarideinhisownsmallplane，MrLiwasvery1．Hethoughtto2，‘IfIdon’tagree，myfriendmaynotbehappy．3ifIagree，Iamreallyafraidthattheremightbesomedanger．’4，however，hisfriendmadehimbelievethatitwasvery5，andMrLigotontheplane．Hisfriend6theengine(发动机)andtheplanebegantomovealongonthegroundofthe7．MrLiwasveryfrightenedand8hiseyes．Afteraminuteortwoheopenedthem，lookedoutofthewindowoftheplane，andsaidtohisfriend