【5A版】完整音标教学课件

IPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet音标InternationalPhoneticsymbols（国际音标）Whatarephoneticsymbols?•thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。ı音标英语共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的生母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在两条斜线（//），以免和字母混淆。Howmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?48phoneticsymbolsVowelsoundsConsonantsPurevowelsdiphthongsVoicelessC.VoicedC.[i:][i][e][æ][ə:][ə][۸][α:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u][ei][əu][ai][au][ɔi][iə][ɛə][uə][p][t][k][f][s][Ѳ][ʃ][ʧ][tr][ʦ][h][b][d][g][v][z][ð][ӡ][dӡ][dr][dz][r][l][m][n][ŋ][w][j]国际音标｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/I/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/,/aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,辅音爆破音磨檫音鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/θ/,/ð/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j//tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/tʃ/,/ʤ/,破擦音元音单元音/i:/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，嘴角向两边张开，流露出微笑的表情，适当拉长发音。与字母E发音相同。注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。发音组合:eeeeaieei/i:/例词：he他even甚至sea大海Tree树feel感觉deep深的Tea茶seat座位reason原因Believeachievereceive接受.单元音//---/i/舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，比/i:/低，嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大，发音比/i:/短。发音组合:i/i/---/i/例词：big大的ship轮船hill山脉chicks雏鸡元音/e/嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。发音组合:eeaa/e/例词：pen钢笔bed床leg胳膊wellBreadheavenmarryanyman单元音/æ/舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个，同时嘴巴也要张大，上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。发音组合:a/æ/例词：amapplethathand前元音发音规律/i:/→/i/→/e/→/æ/舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大单元音/ə:/-/ɜ:/舌中部稍抬起，舌尖微抵下齿，双唇扁平，发音较长。发音组合：orirerurear/ɜ:/--/ə:/例词：girlbirdworkwormtermburnsurfpearllearn单元音/ə/双唇扁平，舌尖微抵下齿，口张开比/ɜ:/略大发音组合：aeroro/ə/例词：appearagainaliketeachermotherdrivervisitordoctoractorwelcome元音/ʌ/舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。发音组合：uo/ʌ/例词：cuprunjumpFlood元音/u:/长元音，嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。发音组合：oooouu/u:/例词：zoofoodcoolpooltombbluegroup单元音/ʊ/-/u/短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。注意嘴巴的形状，嘴巴张开略向前突出，舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。发音组合：oouou/ʊ/-/u/例词：foot-feedwoodbookpushpullfullshould元音/ɔ:/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小发音组合：aooawouoreauorar/ɔ:/例词：forkmorningairporttalkballcallfloorboughtthoughtcaughtnaughty元音/ɔ/-/ɒ/舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。/ɔ/-/ɒ/例词：cockshopjobbox单元音/ɑ:/长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。/ɑ:/例词：cargardenstarguitar你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ//ǝ:/,/ǝ/,/ɑ:/，/ʌ//u:/,/u/,/ɔ:/,/ɔ/,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/i://i//e//æ//ɔ://ɔ//u://u/Λ///a://ə://ə/单元音vowels(12个)双元音/ei/,/ai/,/ɔi/,/iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,双元音/eI/--/ei/由[e]和[i]两个单音组成,/e/重读，/i/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同。发音组合：eiaaiay/eI/-/ei/例词：eightfacecakewaitraindaymay双元音/aI/-/ai/口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。发音组合：yiuy/aI/--/ai/例词：mykitewritebicyclebuyguy双元音/ɔi/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合，牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合，注意连贯性。发音组合：oyoi/ɔI/例词：boytoyBoilnoisecoin双元音/iǝ/前元音重读，后元音轻读，双唇始终半开。发音组合：eerearere/Iǝ/例词：beerdeerearfearnearhere双元音/eǝ/前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开.发音组合：airearareere/eǝ/例词：hairbarepearChairthere双元音/ʊǝ/前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。发音组合：oorureour/ʊǝ/例词：tourpoorsuregourd双元音/aʊ//a/重读，/u/轻读，口形由大到小。发音组合：ouow/aʊ/例词：hownowhousemouthtrousers双元音/ǝʊ/口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。前面的音清楚而较长，后面的音圆唇，发音模糊而较短发音字母oowoa/ǝʊ/例词：coatthrowboattoe那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?/eI/,/aI/,/ɔI/,/Iǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//aʊ/,/ǝʊ/,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________/Iə//eə//uə//eI//aI//əu//au//ɔI/双元音vowels(8个)元音总结英语语音专题（二）•辅音Consonants(28个)1.爆破音•[p]Practicemakesperfect.•[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.•[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.•[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.•[k]Don’tkitthekitten.•[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.[p][b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p][b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe[t][d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t][d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bedspeakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen[k][g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k][g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log2.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[ŋ]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[ŋ]in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song3.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’