定语从句讲练2012

定语从句讲练定语从句1.定语从句的概念与构成2.定语从句的类别3.引导词特点4.高考与定语从句定语从句的概念与构成用作定语，对句子中的名词,代词进行修饰限定的主谓结构叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。1.ThemanwholivesnexttousiscalledJack.2.ThedaycameatlastwhenIwenttocollege.3.IamreadingHarryPorter,whichisaninterestingbook.4.Hehasfailed,whichisknowntous.定语从句类别定语从句1.限制性定语从句2.非限制性定语从句先行词（定语从句）先行词…（定语从句）先行词，（定语从句）主句，（定语从句）1.在从句中代替先行词that,which,who,whom,as2.在从句中代替先行词的所有格whose3.在从句中代替介词与先行词when,where,why引导词特点1.在从句中代替先行词that,which,who,whom,asYoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.ThemanwhostandsthereisGreen.=everything=thebook=themanWhoistheboywhomyoutalkedwith?Heissofamousanactoraspeoplelike.=theactor=theboythatwhichwhowhomas对先行词的要求人物物人人人物在从句中做的成分主宾(省)表主宾(表，定)主宾宾主宾表that与which的区别：只用that情况：1.当先行词为代词时Hetoldusallthathadhappenedthere.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventusfromdoingit.2.当先行词既含有人又含有物时HetoldusthepeopleandplacesthathevisitedwhenhewasinParis.3.先行词被序数词，形容词最高级或all,few,little,much,some,no,every,each,anyonly,very,right,just修饰时Thefirstthingthathedoeseverymorningistotakesomeexercise.Thereisnodifficultythatwecan’tovercome.4.当主句是以which引导的特殊疑问句时Whichisthebookthatyouwanttobuy?只用which情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中Imetastrangething,whichIhadn’tmetbefore.2.介词提前时Heboughttwobooks,bothofwhichwereinteresting.Thecityinwhichhelivesisfaraway.which的特殊用法：1.引导非限定性定语从句时，可以修饰主句或主句的一部分。Hedidn’tgotowork,whichsurprisedus.2.在非限定性定语从句中可以做表语，定语（与另外一个名词共同指代先行词）Hebecamealawyerfinally,whichhewantedtobeasachild.Istayedhereforaweek,duringwhichtimeIvisitedmanyfriends.Itmayraintomorrow,inwhichcaseIwon’tgotoBeijing.who与whom的区别：介词提前时，只用whomMikeisapersonwithwhomitishappytowork.as的用法限定性定语从句：1.so…as…Themanissofamousanactoraspeoplelike.Themanissofamousanactorthatpeoplelikehim.2.such…as…Themanissuchafamousactoraspeoplelike.Themanissuchafamousactorthatpeoplelikehim.so…as….so…that…such…as…such…that…定语从句；as做成分结果状语从句；that不做成分定语从句；as做成分结果状语从句;that不做成分thesame…as…Hewearsthesamecoatasheworeyesterday.Hewearsthesamecoatthatheworeyesterday.两件同样的衣服一件衣服thesame…as…thesame…that…定语从句；两个东西定语从句；一个东西as…as…Asmanypeopleaswerepresentagreedtotheplan.as用于非限制性定语从句：从句对主句或主句中的一部分进行修饰Hewontheprize,asweexpected.Asweexplainedonthephone,yoursuggestionhadbeenaccepted.as与which的区别：1.语义不同as“正如”which“代替什么译成什么”2.位置不同as放于主句前后都可which放于主句后Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_____arehealthy.(07北京)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whomD.whomHismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_____wasbeyondhiswildestdream.(07上海)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itA.whichTheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.(06天津)A.whatB.thatC.howD.as--Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?--Yes,thereisonepoint_____youmustinsiston.（06江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./D.asD./Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,____shewantedtobe.(05湖北)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.(04江苏)A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.AsD.whichD.As2.在从句中代替先行词的所有格whoseThehousewhosewindowisbrokenishers.Ilikethebookwhosecoverisblue.=thehouse’s=thebook’swhose对先行词的要求人，物在从句中做的成分定语thehouse’swindow—whosewindowwhose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+名词thewindowofthehouse---thewindowofwhichThehousethewindowofwhichisbrokenishers.Thehouseofwhichthewindowisbrokenishers.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenishers.Thegirlwhosehairislongismysister.Thegirlthehairofwhomislongismysister.Thegirlofwhomthehairislongismysister.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse____roofisunderrepair.(06福建)A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatGeorgeOrwell,____wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.(04北京)A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealnameA.whoseD.whoserealname3.在从句中代替介词与先行词when,where,whyThecitywhereshelivesisbeautiful.Theywillneverforgetthedayswhentheystudiedtogether.Hetoldmethereasonwhyhewaslate.=inthecity=inthedays=forthereasonwhenwherewhy对先行词的要求表示时间的名词occasion表示地点的名词casesituationpoint…表示原因的名词在从句中做的成分时间状语地点状语原因状语Thecitywhereshelivesisbeautiful.=inthecityTheywillneverforgetthedayswhentheystudiedtogether.=inthedaysHetoldmethereasonwhyhewaslate.=forthereason=inwhich=inwhich=forwhichwhen,where,why=介词+whichTheroom_______________Iliveisverycomfortable.Theroom______________Iliveinisverycomfortable.Istillremembertheday______________wegottogether.Istillremembertheday______________wespendtogether.--Didhetellyouthereason____________theytoldalie--Yes,thereason__________hetoldmeisthathedidn’twantyouangry.where;inwhichthat;which;/when;onwhichthat;which;/why;forwhichthat;which;/Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_____welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.(07福建)A.whenB.whichC.thatD.whereWe’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(06山东)A.whereB.thatC.whenD.whichD.whereA.where定语从句的注意事项：1.way做先行词时2.从句谓语动词的单复数3.强调句型与定语从句的搭配使用Canyoutellmetheway______________youworkedouttheproblem?Theway____________helpedthemoutoftroublecanalsosolveyourproblems.Heistheonlyoneofthemwho_______passedthetest.Heisoneofthemwho_______passedthetest.that;inwhich;/that;whichhashaveItwasinthebuilding_____heworked______thefirebrokeout.A.that;whereB.that;whenC.where;thatD.there;that--Wheredidyougettoknowher?--Itwasonthefarm____weworked.(07山东)A.thatB.thereC.whichD.whereD.whereC.where;that