基于PLC的切片机的电气控制

学号：毕业设计说明书题目：基于PLC的切片机的电气控制ElectricalControloftheSlicingMachineBasedonPLC学院机电学院专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级学生指导教师（职称）（副教授）完成时间2015年3月12日至2015年6月1日摘要I摘要随着科学技术的发展，泡沫塑料切片机在现在加工行业中应用越来越广泛。泡沫塑料是由大量气体微孔分散于固体塑料中而形成的一类高分子材料，具有质轻、隔热、吸音、减震等特性，且介电性能优于基体树脂，用途很广。几乎各种塑料均可作成泡沫塑料，发泡成型已成为塑料加工中一个重要领域。本文是介绍可编程序控制器泡沫塑料切片机的结构及工作原理上，设计了一个关于PLC控制的泡沫塑料切片加工控制器。主要设计切片控制器的硬件电路图、控制程序方框图，并对一些相关的元器件及PLC进行了选型分析和设计。这次所设计的泡沫塑料切片机主要操作对象是工业中的塑料泡沫，采用的是自动化控制技术，从生产而言，基本上实现了泡沫塑料切片机在生产过程中的半自动化和自动化。与以前手工切片机相比在效率上有明显的提高。关键词：泡沫塑料；半自动控制；自动控制；切片机；可编程控制器AbstractIIAbstractWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,applicationandfoamcuttingmachineintheprocessingindustryisnowmorewidely.Thispaperisthispaperintroducesthestructureandworkingprincipleoftheprogramcontrollerfoamcuttingmachine,aPLCcontrolfoamautomaticslicingprocessingcontrollerisdesigned.Foamisconsistsofalargenumberofmicroporousgasliquiddispersioninsolidplastictoformakindofhighpolymermaterial,whichhasthecharacteristicsoflightweight,heatinsulation,sound-absorbing,shockandanddielectricpropertiessuperiortothebaseresin,awiderangeofuses.Almostallkindsofplasticcanbemadeintofoam,foamingmoldinghasbecomeanimportantareaofplasticprocessing.Maindesignautomaticslicingcontrollerhardwarecircuitdiagram,controlprogramblockdiagram,andtheselectionofanalysisanddesignofsomerelatedcomponentsandPLC.Thedesignofthefoamautomaticslicingmachinemainoperationobjectisindustrialplasticfoam,theisautomaticcontroltechnology,fromtheproduction,basicallyrealizedfoamcuttingmachineintheproductionprocessautomation.Comparedwiththepreviousmanualslicerhasobviousimprovementinefficiency.Keywords:foam;semi-automaticcontrol;automaticcontrol;slicingmachine;programmablecontroller目录III目录摘要...............................................................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................................................................II第一章概述.............................................................................................................................................11.1泡沫塑料切片机的发展状况..........................................................................................................11.2本毕业设计的目的...........................................................................................................................11.3本毕业设计的主要内容及要求.............................................................................................2第二章硬件设计....................................................................................................................................42.1切片机对电气控制的特性要求...............................................................................................42.1.1控制方式...................................................................................................................................42.1.2选择最佳控制方案.................................................................................................................42.2PLC概述........................................................................................................................................42.2.1PLC发展及应用概况..........................................................................................................42.2.2PLC的基本组成及特点.....................................................................................................62.2.3PLC的基本工作原理..........................................................................................................72．3PLC常用机型介绍...................................................................................................................92．4PLC的分类...............................................................................................................................102.5PLC的选型.................................................................................................................................102.5PLC系统的设计........................................................................................................................142.6主电路的设计...........................................................................................................................172.7.1电机的原理与选择...............................................................................................................182.7.2接触器....................................................................................................................................192.7.2.1交流接触器........................................................................................................................202.7.2.2直流接触器.......................................................................................................................212.7.3继电器....................................................................................................................................22第三章软件设计......................................................................................................................