语言学样题及答案

I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof____C___.A.aparticularlanguageB.theEnglishlanguageC.humanlanguagesingeneralD.thesystemofaparticularlanguage2.Theconsonant[f]inEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:___B____.A.voiceless,bilabial,stopB.voiceless清音,labiodental唇齿音,fricative摩擦音C.voiced,bilabial双唇音,stop闭塞音D.voiced浊音,labiodental,fricative3.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffixedinthewordlearnedisknownasa(n)___C____.A.derivationalmorpheme派生词素B.freemorpheme自由词素C.inflectionalmorpheme屈折词素D.freeform自由形态5.Iboughtsomeroses____A___Iboughtsomeflowers.A.entailsB.presupposesC.isinconsistentwith不符合D.issynonymouswith与同义6.Y'sutterance说话方式inthefollowingconversationexchangeviolates违犯冒犯themaximof___C_____.X:Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?Y:Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.manner7.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,____C___,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed外来词,added,lostoraltered改变.A.phrases短语B.sentencesC.morphemes词素D.utterances话语8.Predicationanalysis预测分析isawaytoanalyze___D__meaning.A.phonemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence9.AccordingtoSearle，thoseillocutionaryacts言外行为whosepointistocommit承诺thespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled__A__.A.commisives承诺类B.directives指令类C.expressives表达类D.declaratives宣告类18.ThefamousquotationfromShakespeare’splay“RomeoandJuliet”‘Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet’wellillustrates__A_.A.theconventional传统性natureoflanguageB.thecreativenatureoflanguageC.theuniversalityoflanguage普遍性D.thearbitrarinessoflanguage19.Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations，only___A____ispermissible可允许的accordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.A.kiblB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk20.Syntax句法学isthestudyof___B_____。A.languagefunctionsB.sentencestructureC.textualorganizationD.wordformation21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadistinctivefeature区别性特征ofhumanlanguage?DA.ArbitrarinessB.ProductivityC.CulturaltransmissionD.Finiteness有限性22.Thespeechacttheory言语行为理论wasfirstputforwardbyBA.JohnSearleB.JohnAustinC.NoamChomskyD.M.A.KHalliday23.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsisthenotion概念观念ofDA.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.context24.Thewords“kid,child,offspring后代、子孙”areexamplesofBA.dialectalsynonyms方言的同义词B.stylisticsynonymsC.emotivesynonyms情绪化的同义词D.collocationalsynonyms25.Thedistinctionbetweenparole言语andlangue语言wasmadebyDA.HallidayB.ChomskyC.BloomfieldD.Saussure26._____referstothestudyoftheinternal内在的、本质structureofwordsandtherulesofthewordformation.A.PhonologyB.MorphologyC.SemanticsD.Sociolinguistics27.Thedistinctivefeaturesofaspeechvariety言语变体maybeallthefollowingEXCEPTA.lexicalB.syntacticC.phonologicalD.Psycholinguistic心理语言学28.Thewordtailoncereferredtothe“thetailofahorse马尾”,butnowitisusedtomean“thetailofanyanimal”.ThisisanexampleofA.wideningofmeaningB.narrowingofmeaningC.meaningshiftD.lossofmeaning29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?A.ArbitrarinessB.Displacement.C.DualityD.Diachronicity30.Whattypeofsentenceis“Marklikesfiction,butTimisinterestedinpoetry.”?A.AsimplesentenceB.Acoordinatesentence并列句C.AcomplexsentenceD,Noneoftheabove31.ThephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameformiscalledA.hyponymyB.synonymyC.polysemyD.homonymy32.Thestudyofthementalprocessesoflanguagecomprehensionandproductionis______.A.corpuslinguistics语料库语言学B.sociolinguisticsC.theoreticallinguistics理论语言学D.Psycholinguistics33.Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixeslanguages混合语言andisusedbyspeakersofdifferentlanguagesforpurposesoftradingiscalled____.A.dialect方言B.idiolect个人语型C.pidginD.Register语域34.Whenaspeakerexpresseshisintentionofspeaking,suchasaskingsomeonetoopenthewindow,heisperforming_____.A.anillocutionaryact言外行为B.aperlocutionaryact言后行为C.alocutionaryact言内行为D.noneoftheabove35.________referstothelearninganddevelopmentofalanguage.A.Languageacquisition语言习得B.Languagecomprehension语言理解C.Languageproduction语言生成D.Languageinstruction语言教学36.Theword“Motel”comesfrom“motor+hotel”.Thisisanexampleof________inmorphology.A.backformation逆生词法B.conversion转换法C.blending混拼词D.acronym首字母缩略词37.Languageisttoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“HighwayClosed”onahighwayservesA.anexpressivefunction表达功能B.aninformativefunction.信息功能C.aperformativefunction表演功能D.apersuasivefunction有说服力的功能38.＿＿isdefinedasthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmind.A.semanticsB.pragmaticsC.cognitivelinguistics认知语言学D.sociolinguistics39.Avowelisdifferentfromaconsonant辅音inEnglishbecauseofA.absenceofobstruction没有阻塞B.presenceofobstruction存在梗塞C.mannerofarticulation发音方法D.placeofarticulation发音部位40.Thedefinition“theactofusing,orpromotingtheuseof,severallanguages,eitherbyanindividualspeakerorbyacommunityofspeakers”referstoA.PidginB.Creole克里奥尔语C.Multilingualism多语制D.Bilingualism习用两种语言41.InEnglishifawordbeginswitha［l］ora［r］,thentheneatsoundmustbeavowel.Thisisa(n)A.assimilationrule通化规则B.sequentialrule序列规则C.deletionrule省略规则D.grammarrule42.Whichofthefollowi