2015考研英语真题：英语一真题完整版-答案

2015考研英语真题Directions:　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)　　Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“related”asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis_(1)_astudy,publishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has__(2)_.　　Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted_(3)__1,932uniquesubjectswhich__(4)__pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth_(5)_.　　While1%mayseem_(6)_,itisnotsotoageneticist.AsJamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,“Mostpeopledonoteven_(7)_theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho_(8)_ourkin.”　　Thestudy_(9)_foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityexistsinsmellgenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow,_(10)_,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore_(11)_it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingtogetherthat_(12)_usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends_(13)_”functionalKinship”ofbeingfriendswith_(14)_!　　Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesseemtobeevolution_(15)_thanothergenesStudyingthiscouldhelp_(16)_whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor_(17)_factor.　　Thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople’s_(18)_tobefriendthoseofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds,saytheresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento_(20)_thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretakenfromthesamepopulation.　　1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what　　2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised　　3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by　　4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]separated[D]connected　　5.[A]tests[B]s[C]samples[D]examples　　6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible　　7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know　　8.[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass　　9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus　　10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perhaps　　11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like　　12.[A]drive[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit　　13.[A]accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith　　14.[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits　　15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier　　16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express　　17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive　　18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency　　19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic　　20.[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tell　　SectionIIReadingComprehension　　PartA　　Directions:　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)　　Text1　　KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted“kingsdon’tabdicate,theydareintheirsleep.”ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?　　TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.　　Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularitypolarized.Andalso,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.　　Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.　　Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses(orhelicopters).Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.　　WhileEurope’smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.　　ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy’sreputationwithherratherordinary(ifwell-heeled)grannystyle.ThedangerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandaprettyhierarchicalviewoftheworld.Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice–asnon-controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.CharlesoughttoknowthatasEnglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy’sworstenemies.　　21.AccordingtothefirsttwoParagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain　　[A]usedturnenjoyhighpublicsupport　　[B]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals　　[C]casedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals　　[D