编组站咽喉区安全分析

交通运输毕业论文题目:编组站咽喉区安全分析年级:2010级学号:姓名:专业:指导老师:摘要安全是铁路运输永恒的主题，是铁路企业做好一切工作的基础，是铁路工作质量的综合反映。编组站咽喉区往往是事故多发区，它的安全与否将直接影响铁路的经济效益与社会效益。铁路越是深化改革，走向市场，加快发展，越要强化安全基础，搞好安全生产，特别是编组站咽喉区安全。本论文以铁路行车事故为背景，根据铁路行车事故的重要性质，系统地分析了咽喉区易发生的各种行车事故。运用人—机—环境工程学理论和事故树、事变树以及成败树等多种模型，采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合的办法，对列车冲突、脱轨、冒进、溜逸、错误办理接发列车以及调车挤岔等惯性事故进行了系统分析。从直接影响编组站咽喉区安全的人员、设备、环境等因素来分析事故发生的原因及其相互间的内在联系，科学合理地提出预防措施，减少咽喉区事故的发生，避免重蹈覆辙。论文的主要工作如下:1、提出问题，分析比较国内外对咽喉区安全分析的现状；2、系统分析了编组站各场咽喉区的关键技术与主要用途；3、运用人—机—环境工程学理论和事故树、事变树、成败树等多种模型，采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合的办法，对列车冲突、脱轨、冒进、溜逸、错误办理接发列车以及调车挤岔等惯性事故进行系统分析，有针对地分别提出预防措施；4、通过对导致咽喉区安全事故的分析，分别从强化职工工作控制、提高设备质盘、实行规范管理以及通过构建科学的安全检查监测保障体系实现科技保安全4个方面，提出实现编组站咽喉区安全有序可控生产的对策。【关键词】铁路运输；咽喉区；行车安全；事故分析AbstractThesafetyisthethemeofrailwaytransportation,thebasisofalltherailwayworks,thecomprehensiveexpressofrailwayworkquality.Marshallingthroatisoftenaccident-proneareas.Itssafetywillinfluencedirectlytheeconomicalandsocialbenefitsofrailways.Therailwaymustenhancethesafetybaseanddosafetiesworkwellastherailwayreformsdeeplyanddevelopsquickly.AccordingtotheimportantpropertiesofRailwayAccident,thisthesissystematicallyanalyzesvarioustrafficaccidentswhichtookplaceinrailwayasthebackground.Inthethesis,therailwaytrafficaccidentsoftheconflict,separationfromthetrack,smoothmovement,slide,mistakeoperationofthetrainmeetinganddeparting,themovementofthetrainwillbeanalyzedsystematically,applyingtheengineeringtheoryofhuman-machine-environmentandthemodeloftheaccidenttree,thechangingtree,thetreeofsuccess-lose.Thisthesisputsforwardtotheforecastandscientificmeasures,reducestheoccurrenceoftherailwaytrafficaccident,andavoidsdrawingalessonwiththeanalysisoftheaccidentoccurrencereasonandmutualcontactofhuman,equipmentsenvironmentswhichinfluencedirectlytherailwaytrafficsafety.Themainworkofthethesisasfollows:1.Raisingaquestionandcomparingthedomesticresearchwithresearchabroadinthesafetyofthroatarea2.Systematicallyanalyzingthefeatureandapplicationofallthethroatareainmarshalling3.Therailwaytrafficaccidentsoftheconflict,separationfromthetrack,smoothmovement,slide,mistakeoperationofthetrainmeetinganddeparting,themovementofthetrainwillbeanalyzedsystematically,applyingtheengineeringtheoryofhuman-machine-environmentandthemodeloftheaccidenttree,thechangingtree,thetreeofsuccess-lose.Respectivelypertinencecomingupwiththepreventivemeasures4.Byrightofbringingonthereasonanalysisoftherailwaytrafficaccidentoccurrence,thispaperdistinguishesfromsumtotalfouraspectsrespectivelyundermentionedtoenhancetheemployeeworkcontrol,tostrengthenequipmentsquality,tocarryoutthestandardmanagementalongwithclingingtosetupscientificsafecheckandsupervision,supervisory,guaranteesystemsoastocometruescienceandtechnologyinaccordwithpublicsecurity,intheendputtingforwardtheconcretecounterplanthatbringtosuccessthesafetyProductioninanorderlywayinMarshallingthroat.Keywords:Railwaytransportation,Throat,trainsafety,accidentsanalysis目录第一章绪论....................................................11.1研究背景....................................................11.2国内外研究现状..............................................11.3本文研究的主要内容和方法....................................2第二章编组站各车场咽喉区作业与技术分析........................32.1到达场咽喉区...............................................32.1.1到达场咽喉区的主要作业内容................................32.1.2线路分组..................................................32.2出发场咽喉区...............................................42.2.1出发场咽喉区的主要作业内容..............................52.2.2线路分组..................................................62.3到发场咽喉区................................................62.3.1顺向到发场（一级三场）....................................62.3.2反向到发场（一级三场）....................................62.4调车场尾部咽喉区...........................................72.4.1不设顺向编发线的调车场尾部................................72.4.2设有顺向编发线的调车场尾部................................8第三章编组站咽喉区事故分析....................................93.1列车冲突事故分析............................................93.1.1事故详细情况..............................................93.1.2列车冲突事故原因分析......................................93.2列车脱轨事故分析..........................................183.2.1脱轨原因分析..............................................183.2.2车轮脱轨的力学分析.......................................193.2.3在曲线路段影响铁路行车的主要因素有3点...................203.2.4在直线路段影响铁路行车的主要因素有4点...................203.2.5防止脱轨的新策略.........................................213.3列车冒进事故分析..........................................273.3.1冒进事故树定性分析.......................................273.3.2预防“冒进”事故的措施...................................323.4车辆溜逸事故分............................................343.4.1事故详细情况.............................................343.4.2发生溜逸事故的原因分析...................................343.4.3防止溜逸事故的分析.......................................363.5错误办理进路事故分析.......................................363.5.1错误办理进路事故的种类...................................363.5.2错误办理列车进路事故的原因分析...........................373.5.3预防措施讨论..............................................373.6调车挤岔事故分析............................................383.6.1调车挤岔事故树分析.....