Unit3-The-million-pound-bank-note-语法课件---名词性从句之宾语从

NounclausesAsTheObject名词性从句宾语从句英语句子的种类简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)简单句的五种基本句型Theweatherisverycold.主语+谓语（连系动词）+表语Helaughed.主语+谓语（vi.）IlikeChinesefood.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语Shetaughtthemphysics.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语1.You'dbetterstartearly,oryouwillbelate.2.Jimstudiedhardallthetime,andhepassedtheexamscuccessfully.3.Iknowwherehelives,butIdon'tknowtheexactaddress.4.Ihaveneverheardofthebook,soIknownothingaboutit.并列句:简单句+and\or\but\so+简单句复合句:主句+从句名词性从句定语从句状语从句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome定语从句状语从句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica(宾语从句）名词性从句---在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等■主语从句■表语从句■宾语从句■同位语从句名词性从句名词性从句：ObjectClauses宾语从句一、宾语从句常见的类型：动词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句e.g.Ihear(that)hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.e.g.Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistakee.g.Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework?二、宾语从句的四种结构1.主句+that+从句2.主句+if/whether+从句3.主句+what等疑问词+从句4，动词+it+形容词或惯用搭配+that从句1)Ihearhewillbebackinamonth.2)EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandTomwasfrightened.3)IknownothingabouthimexceptheislivinginBeijing.4)Wemadeitclearwewouldnotgivein.注意：1.and连接两个宾语,that引导的宾语从句放在and后时不能省略2.当that作介词except,in等的宾语时3.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,例如：think,find,consider+it+that从句1.that引导的宾语从句thatthatthatthat比较在定语从句中的用法。Therearesomefilms(that)I’dliketosee.SheistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsFrench.结论:that在引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语.带有形式宾语的that引导的宾语从句句子结构：动词+it+形容词或名词+that从句e.g.Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.Idon’tknowif/whethersheisfromJapan.Idoubtif/whethershelivesinBeijing.1、DoessheliveinBeijing?Idoubt…2、IsshefromJapan?Idon’tknow合并句子2.if/whether引导的宾语从句关于doubt•肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that.sb.doubtsif/whether…..sb.doesn’tdoubtthat…….Thereisnodoubtthat…….(毫无疑问）Thereissomedoubtwhether……._Itisdoubtful_______________heiscoming.whether/ifIdon'tknow_________ornotyou'llgo.Hedoesn'tknow_________tovisitthatoldmanagain.I'minterestedin_______he'llgoornot.______helivesthere,Iwanttoknow.Wediscuss_______weshouldclosethestore.whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether▲后面有ornot▲后面跟不定式时▲宾从在介词后▲当宾语从句置于句首时▲在动词discuss之后1.Heasked_____couldanswerthequestion.2.Doyouknow_________we’llhaveameeting?3.Canyoutellme_____Icangettothestation?4.Couldyoutellme_____thetrainislate?3..what,who,which等疑问词与“疑问词+ever”等引导的宾语从句whowhen/wherehowwhy1，What在宾语从句中充当_________表示______________________.Canyoutellmewhat’sthematter?whatitis？whatyoumean?主语、宾语或表语……的（人,事,话，样子等）另：what不引导定语从句1.—WhoshouldIgivetheprizeto？—To____canworkouttheproblem．A．whoeverB．WhoC．nomatterwhoD．Whomever注意:1.who只有它本身的疑问含义“谁”，whoever相当于anyonewho2.wh+ever=nomatterwh…Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbeangry.Whateverhesays,Iwon’tbeangry.APractice2.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.what1.whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anythingthat，表示“无论什么”，而what表示“…的话（东西、人、时间、地点、速度等）”。2.Whatever属于泛指；whichever表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些”,表示在一定范围内的人或事物,属于特指。注意:B•3.Maryhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.•A.whoB.whomever•C.whoeverD.nomatterwho4.注意：宾语从句可能来源于感叹句。e.g.1.Sheneverknewwhatawarmheartedmanhewas.2.Youcan'timagehowhardthemotherworkedinordertosupportthefamily.1.Whenwillshegotothelibrary?Herbrotherasks.A)Herbrotheraskswhenshewillgotothelibrary.B)Herbrotheraskswhenwillshegotothelibrary.三、宾语从句的语序主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Isheastudent?Whoishe?Idon’tknow_____________whoheis.Whosesonishe?whosesonheis.Whatdoeshedointhestreet?whathedoesin….whyheisalone.Whyishealone?If/whetherheisastudent.What’swrong?What’sthematter?Whathashappened?Whoisintheclassroom?Whichisthewaytothestation?一些特殊疑问词如what,who等在宾语从句中作主语时，语序不变：2)Canyoutellme________?What’swrong?What’sthematter?Whathashappened?Whoisintheclassroom?Whichisthewayto……?否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，而主句的主语是第一人称时，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你是错的。1)Iknowthathe______(live)here.2)Tomisupsetnow,andIamgoingtotellyouwhat____________(happen)tohim.四、宾语从句的时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。liveshashappened2.如果主句是过去的时态,宾语从句必须用过去的某一种时态1)Heaskedwhetherhisfather___________(come)backtomorrow.2)Hesaidthathe________(see)it.wouldcomehadseenHetoldmetheearth_______(move)aroundthesun.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。moves•Theteachertoldmeshe____(be)bornin1960.•Iheardthatshe____(go)toParislastnight.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。wentwas1.Mikeinsistedthatwe_________________(be)lateforschool.2.Thedoctororderedthatshe_____________(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)notbe(should)stay注意：在下列动词接that从句中用“should+动原”一个“坚持”insist（坚持要）两个“命令”command,order(命令）三个“建议”suggest,propose,advise四个“要求”request,ask,demand,require1由从属连词that引导3由who,,whatwhere,how,why,when引导2由从属连词whether,if引导Summary:三、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）二、宾语从句的四种结构一、宾语从句常见的类型语序时态4动词+it+形容词或惯用搭配+that从句1.)Idon’tknow______hewillcometomorrow._______hecomes,IwilltellyouA.If；whetherB.whether;whetherC.if;ThatD.if;IfPracticeD2.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo____Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever3.