初中英语单词辨析共61页

Sunday周日Monday周一Tuesday周二Wednesday周三Thursday周四Friday周五Saturday周六January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月对sorry的回答=That’sOK=That’sallright.=Itdoesn’tmatter=Nevermind没关系不用谢.=That’sOK=That’sallright.=Notatall.=Don’tmentionit.=You’rewelcome=It’sa/mypleasure.(事情发生之后)我乐意效劳Withpleasure.=Mypleasure=Iamgladto.（事情发生之前）affordtodo或+n买得起，担负得起常和cancould或beableto连用。Hecanaffordthewatch.Wecan’taffordtobuyacar．likeas区别1as+句子。like+名词或代词。Hedrinkslikeafish.他像鱼一样地喝水。Hebeattheballhardashisfatherdid.他击球像他父亲一样地狠。Doastheteachertoldyou.按照老师告诉你的做2like像…一样（实际上不是…）as作为，以…身份（实际上是…）Hetalkedtomelikemyfather.他像父亲那样跟我谈话。（他不是我父亲）Hetalkedtomeasmyfather.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。（他是我父亲）believesb/sth/that…+句子相信（…人说的话）believeinsb相信，信任某人Idon’tbelievewhathesaid.work/studyhard努力学习hard-workingadj勤奋的掉e,加-ly的副词，terrible-terribly;true-truly;gentle-gentlyprobable—probablysharethejoyandpain/sadnesswitheachother彼此分享快乐和痛苦十二（一）so与的such区别‘这么’so+adj./advso…that…“如此以至于”such+n.(短语)such…that..”如此以至于”eg.1soniceapicture=averynicepicture=such/quiteanicepicture2suchbadniceweather[u]3suchnicepicturespl.注意：somany/much/few/little等表示数量的，一律用so…that，不用suchthatWehavesomuchhomeworktodothatWedon’thaveenoughtimetosleep.我们有这么多的作业要做以至于没有足够的时间去睡觉（二）Thenumberofthestudentsis50.…的数量Anumberofstudentsareverypoor.许多…（六）neitherof…两个都不是neither…nor…反义词bothof…两个都是both….and…noneof…≥3个都不是反义词allof…≥3个都是either(1)两者之一eitherof…either…or…(2)“也”否定句的句尾，作用相当于肯定句的tooeachof……中的每一个不能说every/nooneof四许多anamountof+[u]=much+[u]anumberof+[c]=many+[c]plentyof+[c][u]=alotof/lotsof+[c][u]一些some+[c][u]afew+[c]alittle+[u]Tonyis10yearsoldthisyear.Tonyisa10-year-oldboy..mostly=-mainlyadv.主要地mostly大部分,主要地thought想法，看法，idea主意life[c]生命lose/takehislife失去/夺走[u]生活inmylife/inourdailylifebuild建立,建造buildupourbody增强我们的体质情态动词1cancouldmaymightmustneed+V不与willwould连用shallshouldwillwould+V2can’t不可能，不能mustn’t千万不能，表示禁止3情态动词的过去式与原形相比，语气更为委婉。可能性更低，有时候并不表示过去时4情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答：①Canyousing?②MayIcomein?③MustIhandinthebooknow?Yes,Ican.No,Ican’t.Yes,youmay.No,youcan’t.Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’tNo,youdon’thaveto.5can和may都能表示“可能性”时的区别(1)在肯定句中用may不用can;Hemayberight.他可能对。Hemayknow.他也许知道。(2)在否定句和疑问句中用can不用mayCanitbetrue?No,itcan’tbetrue.(3)祝福…wishsbsth=maysbdo=hopethat…Mayyousucceed(v).=Wishyousuccess.(n)=Ihopeyouwillsucceed.祝你成功6oughtto否定为oughtnotto应该oughttodo=besupposedtodo=shoulddo代词1it,one,thatthose的区别①it指上文提到过的事物。②one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。③that,those常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，单数用that复数用those避免重复.(1)Ihavemanybooks.Which___doyoulike?(2)Thebookismine.____isveryinteresting.(3)TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthan____inHainan.(4)Thepantsinthisshoparebetterthanthoseinthatshop.oneItthat2.it的几种特殊用法①作形式宾语或形式主语时It’seasytoclimbthehill.IfounditinterestingtolearnEnglish②不知姓别或是谁时用it,或代替天气Whoisitatthedoor?It’sJim..itworks=itdoes.起作用，奏效dealwith=dowith对付，处理Howtodealwiththisproblem＝Whattodowiththisproblem怎样处理这个问题除了什么只能做什么.candonothingbutdohavenothingtodobutdohavenochoicebuttodo只要前面出现了do后面就不用加toEgIcandonothingbutdothehomework.无可选择不得不做什么.Hehadnochoicebuttojointheparty.除了做什么没事可做.Shehadnothingtodobutgoonworkinghowoften隔多久一次howlong多长时间howfar多远距离howmany+【c】多少howmuch+【u】多少（钱）howsoon将来的多久之后howold几岁happyadjhappilyadveathealthilyhappinessn反身代词有以下常见搭配：1enjoyoneself玩的开心2helponeselfto随便吃…3teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学4byoneself单独，靠自己5killoneself自杀6makeoneselfathome随便点,别拘束7loseoneselfin…沉浸在…中8dressoneself给自己穿衣服（四）prefer的用法1preferdoing/todo更喜欢2prefer（doing）Ato(doing)B比起(做)B更喜欢（做）A3prefertodoratherthan(to)do比起做…更喜欢做…treatvt.对待，治疗，款待treat…as…把…看作treatsb.tosth.用…款待某人（二）inthefield在田野里onthefarm在农场inthetree外来物在树上onthetree水果等长在树上（三）otheradj.(形容词)+名词“其余的”otherspron.(代词)不加名词“其余的人或物，别人”eachother2个彼此，互相oneanother≥3个之间彼此theother+名词“其余全部的…”theothers不加名词“其余全部的人或物”one…theother….（2个中的）一个…另一个…another+单数名词，“另一个”Pleasegivemeanothertenminutes请再给我十分钟tenmoreminutes1It’skindofyoutohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.你来帮助我真是太好了（形容人的性格，品质等，用of)2.It’sdifficultforyoutofinishit。对于你来说完成它太难了。5年后5yearslater=after5yearsin5years（将来时提问用howsoon）5年前5yearsago例如suchas后面不能有逗号，举多个例子可以加doingforexample后面有逗号，举一个例子lookafter=takecareof=carefor照顾careabout关心，介意时间介词1in(a)用于长的时间段前世纪，年，季节，周，inacentury/year/week(b)泛指的上下午inthemorning/evening2on用于具体的某一天，或某一天上下午onMaythefirstonSunday(afternoon)3at用于几点钟前athalfpastfour4前面不用介词的时间（a）today（今天）tomorrow(morning)明天（早上）yesterday(evening)昨天（晚上）thedayaftertomorrow(后天),thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）(b)this,next,last,that，every等开头的时间短语Eg.this/thatyear今年/那年next/lastSunday(morning)下/上周日（上午）5希望：hope+that从句hopetodohopeforsth(名词)wish(sb)todowishsbsth(名词）表示祝愿WewishyouahappyNewYear.6建议advisesbtodosthsuggestdoingsthsuggest(sth)tosb把某物建议给某人suggestthat(should)+V原更多manymore+pl.muchmore+[u]或多音节adj.和adv.eg.manymorestudents.muchmorerice.muchmoreexpensive1lookfor寻找find找到具体事物find…out发现,找出来抽象的事物2lookat…看see看见3listento…听hear听见4put…on穿上wear/be(dressed)in穿着dresssb/oneselfWho与whom的区别如果whom在从句中作动词的宾语，两者皆可用；如果whom在从句中作介词的宾语，放在介词后时只能用whom,不能与who通用Eg.刚才和你说话的那个女孩子是谁？1Who’sthegirlwhom/whoyoutalkedtojustnow?2Who’sthegirltowhomyoutalkedjustnow?在…上面1above“在...之上”，表示位置之高,反义词为below.Theplaneisabovetheriver.