传热学专业英语词汇

Chapter1ThermodynamicsandHeatTransfer主要内容1.Concepts:heat(thermalenergy)、heattransfer、thermodynamics、totalamountofheattransfer、heattransferrate、heatflux、conduction、convection、radiation2.Equations:1)Thefirstlawofthermodynamics(conservationofenergyprinciple)2)Heatbalanceequation:a)closedsystem;b)opensystem(steady-flow)3)Fourier’slawofheatconduction4)Newton’slawofcooling5)Stefan-Boltzmannlaw主要专业词汇heattransfer传热、热传递、传热学thermodynamics热力学caloric热素specificheat比热massflowrate质量流率latentheat潜热sensibleheat显热heatflux热流密度heattransferrate热流量totalamountofheattransfer总热量conduction导热convection对流radiation辐射thermalconductivity热导率thermaldiffusivity热扩散率convection/combinedheattransfercoefficient对流/综合换热系数emissivity发射率absorptivity吸收率simultaneousheattransfer复合换热Chapter2HeatConductionEquation主要内容1.Concepts:temperaturefield、temperaturegradient、heatgeneration、initialcondition、boundarycondition、steady\transientheattransfer、uniform\nonuniformtemperaturedistribution2.Equations:1)Fourier’slawofheatconduction(§2-1)2)Heatconductionequation(inrectangular\cylindrical\sphericalcoordinates)(§2-2、§2-3)3)Boundaryconditions:(§2-4)a)SpecifiedtemperatureB.C.b)SpecifiedheatfluxB.C.[specialcase(dt/dx=0):insulation、thermalsymmetry];c)ConvectionB.C.d)RadiationB.C.e)InterfaceB.C.4)Averagethermalconductivitykave(§2-7)5)Solutionofone-dimensional,steadyheatconductioninplanewalls、cylindersandspheres(k=const)：a)noheatgeneration,specifiedB.C.:T(x)orT(r)(§2-5)Q(x)orQ(r),Q=constb)withheatgeneration,SpecifiedB.C.orConvectionB.C.:(§2-6)∆Tmax=To-Ts=gs2/2nk;q(x)=gx/n;Ts=T+gs/nhcharacteristiclengthS,shapefactorn:planewalls—s=L(halfthickness),n=1cylinders——s=ro,n=2spheres——s=ro,n=33.Methods:Solveaheattransferproblem1)Mathematicalformulation(differentialequation&B.C.)2)Generalsolutionofequation3)ApplicationofB.C.s4)Uniquesolutionoftheproblem主要专业词汇temperaturefield\distribution温度场\分布temperaturegradient温度梯度heatgeneration热生成(热源)initial\boundarycondition初始\边界条件transientheattransfer瞬态(非稳态)传热isothermalsurface等温面Heatconductiondifferentialequation导热微分方程trialanderrormethod试算法iterate迭代convergence收敛Chapter3SteadyHeatConduction主要内容1.Concepts:multilayer\compositewalloverallheattransfercoefficientUthermalresistanceRtthermalcontactresistanceRccriticalradiusofinsulationRcrfinefficiencyfineffectiveness2.Equations:Multiplayerplanewall、cylindersandspheres:Fin:finequation——refertotheattachment.1)Uniformcross-section:refertotheattachment.2)Varyingcross-section:refertotheattachment.主要专业词汇thermalresistance热阻parallel并联inseries串联thermalcontactresistance接触热阻compositewall复合壁面thermalgrease热脂cross-section横截面temperatureexecess过余温度hyperbolic双曲线的exponent指数fin肋(翅)片finbase肋基fintip肋端finefficiency肋效率fineffectiveness肋片有效度Chapter4TransientHeatConduction主要内容1.Concepts:lumpedsystemanalysischaracteristiclength(Lc=V/A)Biotnumber(Bi=hLc/k)Fouriernumber(τ=at/L)2.Equations:Bi≤0,lumpedsystemanalysis(§4-1)Bi0,Heisler/GroberchartsORanalyticalexpressions1-D：a)infinitelargeplanewalls,longcylindersandspheres(§4-2)b)semi-infinitesolids(§4-3)multidimensional:productsolution(§4-4)主要专业词汇lumpedsystemanalysis集总参数法characteristiclength特征长度（尺寸）dimension量纲nondimensionalize无量纲化dimensionlessquantity无量纲量semi-infinitesolid半无限大固体complementaryerrorfunction误差余函数series级数productionsolution乘积解Chapter5NumericalMethodsinHeatConduction主要内容1.Concepts:controlvolume(energybalance)method、finitedifferencemethod、discretization、node、spacestep、timestep、meshBiotnumber、meshFouriernumber、mirrorimageconcept、explicit/implicitmethod、stabilitycriterion(primarycoefficients0)Numericalerror:1)discretization/truncationerror;2)round-offerror2.Methods:Numericalsolution:1)Discretizationinspaceandtime(x,t);2)Buildallnodes’finitedifferenceformulations(includinginteriorandboundarynodes);i.Finitedifferencemethodii.Energybalancemethod(i.e.ControlVolumemethod)3)Solutionofnodaldifferenceeqs.ofheatconduction;i.Directmethod:GaussianEliminationii.Iterativemethod:Gauss-Seideliteration主要专业词汇controlvolume控制容积finitedifference有限差分Taylorseriesexpression泰勒级数展开式mirrorimageconcept镜像法Eliminationmethod消元法direct/iterativemethod直接/迭代方法explicit/implicitmethod显式/隐式格式stabilitycriterion稳定性条件primarycoefficients主系数unconditionally无条件地algebraiceq.代数方程discretization/truncationerror离散/截断误差round-offerror舍入误差Chapter6、7ForcedConvectionandNaturalConvection主要内容1.Concepts:Nu、Re、Gr、PrForce/naturalconvection、external/internalflow、velocity/thermalboundarylayerflowregimes、laminar/turbulentflowhydrodynamic/thermalentryregion、fullydevelopedregionCriticalReynoldsNumber(Rec)、hydraulicdiameter(Dh)、filmtemperature(Tf)、bulkmeanfluidtemperature(Tb)logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference(Tln)volumeexpansioncoefficient(β=1/T)effectivethermalconductivity(Keff=KNu)2.Equations:Dragforce：FD=CfAρV2/2Heattransferrate：Q=hA(Ts-T)3．TypicalConvectionPhenomena:1)Forcedconvection：externalflow——flowoverflatplates(§6-4)——flowacrosscylindersandspheres(§6-5)internalflow——flowintubes(§6-6)2)Naturalconvection：flowoversurfaces(§7-2)flowinsideenclosures(§7-3)主要专业词汇Force/naturalconvection自然/强制对流laminar/turbulentflow层/湍流boundarylay