中国汽车产业国际竞争力的分析与对策

中国汽车产业国际竞争力的分析与对策摘要汽车业作为我国国民经济的支柱产业，同时又是幼稚产业，如何发展好我国的汽车产业一直以来就是人们非常关注的问题。汽车出口作为发展我国汽车产业的重要组成部分，越来越显示出了其强劲的发展动力。尤其是近几年来，汽车出口的数量不断增长，并于2013年出口额首次超过1500亿美元，出口数量也首次超出进口，实现了历史性转折。但是在我国汽车出口的发展过程中，一方面体现出了我国汽车出口的优势所在，另一方面也暴露了我国汽车出口存在的诸多问题。有关我国汽车出口的问题一直以来是社会各界广泛关注的热点。本文针对这些情况，认真分析了我国汽车出口竞争力的现状、特点，总结了我国汽车出口存在的不足，在借鉴国内外成功经验的基础上，探讨提升我国汽车产业出口竞争力的途径。本文的第一章为引言部分，介绍了选题的背景和意义、本文的研究方法和研究内容，最后简要介绍了本文的创新点和不足。第二章对相关课题的研究现状并做了简单的评述。第三章运用历史数据，纵向分析了我国汽车产业行业概况和进出口情况。第四章主要对影响中国汽车产业的国际竞争力的因素进行了定性分析，包括主要因素和辅助因素。第五章是定量分析部分，对我国汽车产业国际市场占有率、产品质量指数、进出口产品价格比、贸易竞争指数、显示性比较优势指数RCA进行分析，并对结果进行了实证分析。本章的最后总结了当前我国汽车产业国际竞争力的途径。文章认为，我国的汽车产业要想实现全球化战略，必须重视研发投入、鼓励和引导自助消费，加快配套产业的发展发挥政府宏观调控作用，并加快实施规模经济。关键词：汽车产业；出口竞争力；新贸易理论AbstractTheautoindustryasapillarindustryofournationaleconomy,atthesametimeitisaninfantindustry,howtodevelopourautomobileindustryhasalwaysbeentheconcern.AutoexportsasanimportantpartofthedevelopmentofChina'sautomobileindustry,moreandmoreshowsitsstrongdevelopmentmomentum.Especiallyinrecentyears,thenumberofautomobileexportscontinuetogrow,andin2013exportsforthefirsttimeinmorethan150000000000U.S.dollars,exportsexceededimportsforthefirsttime,toachieveahistoricturningpoint.ButinthecourseofdevelopmentofChineseautomobileexport,ononehandreflecttheChineseautomobileexportadvantage,ontheotherhandalsoexposedmanyproblemsinChina'scarexports.TheissueofChina'sautomobileexporthasbeenwidespreadattentionfromallsectorsofsociety.Inthispaper,inviewofthis,acarefulanalysisofthepresentsituation,characteristicsofChineseautomobileexportcompetitiveness,summarizestheexistingproblemsinChina'scarexports,onthebasisofdomesticandforeignsuccessfulexperience,toexplorewaystoenhancetheexportcompetitivenessofChina'sautomobileindustry.Thefirstchapteristheintroductionpart,introducesthebackgroundandsignificanceofthetopic,researchmethodsandresearchcontent,andfinallyabriefintroductionoftheinnovationanddeficiency.Thesecondchapterresearchontherelatedsubjectanddoasimplereview.Thethirdchapteruseshistoricaldata,thelongitudinalanalysisandtheimportandexportsituationofautomobileindustryinchina.ThefourthchaptermainlyanalyzesthefactorsaffectingtheinternationalcompetitivenessofChineseautomobileindustry,includingthemainfactorsandsecondaryfactors.Thefifthchapteristhequantitativeanalysispart,ontheinternationalmarketshare,China'sautoindustryproductqualityindex,thepriceofimportandexportproducts,thetradecompetitionindex,revealedcomparativeadvantageindexRCAwereanalyzed,andtheresultsoftheempiricalanalysis.TheendofthischaptersummarizesthecurrentmeansofinternationalcompetitivenessofChina'sautomobileindustry.Thearticlethinks,theautomotiveindustryinChinatorealizetheglobalizationstrategy,mustpayattentiontotheR&Dinvestment,encourageandguidetheselfconsumption,playtheroleofgovernmentmacro-controltospeedupthedevelopmentofsupportingindustries,andacceleratetheimplementationofeconomiesofscale.Keywords:automobileindustry;exportcompetitiveness;newtradetheory目录第1章引言.....................................................................................................................................51.1选题的背景和意义...........................................................................................................51.2本文研究的内容和方法...................................................................................................61.3本文的创新之处...............................................................................................................61.4研究不足...........................................................................................................................7第2章理论综述和文献回顾.........................................................................................................72.1产业国际竞争力的内涵...................................................................................................72.2产业国际竞争力研究的理论渊源...................................................................................82.3国外学者对国际竞争力的研究.......................................................................................92.4国内学者对国际竞争力的研究.....................................................................................122.5小结.................................................................................................................................13第3章中国汽车产业的行业现状...............................................................................................143.1行业概况.........................................................................................................................143.2汽车行业进出口情况......................................................................................................14第4章波特的“钻石模型”范式下中国汽车产业国际竞争力的定性分析...........................174.1主要因素分析..................................................................................................................174.2辅助因素分析.................................................................................................................18第5章中国汽车产业的国际竞争力的定量分析.......................................................................195.1国际市场占有率.............................