英语学习资料

AdvancedEnglishBookOne2010-2011ClassificationofEnglishLearners•Englishlearnerscanbeclassifiedinto•threekinds:•beginners,•intermediatelearners•andadvancedlearners.LEARNINGLessonOneTheMiddleEasternBazaarI.Questionsforpreparingthetext•1.Whatisthegenreofthistext?•2.Bywhatorderisitorganizedanddeveloped?•3.What’sabazaar?•4.Whichpartofthebazaarimpressesyoumost?•5.WhatdoestheMiddleEastreferto?SearchoninternetorinthelibraryfortheMiddleEastIssue.II.Backgroundinformation•1.Aboutthetext:ThistextistakenfromthebookAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPiecesforOverseasStudents.ItwascompiledforbyL.A.HillandD.J.MayandpublishedbytheOxfordUniversityPressin1962.II.Backgroundinformation•2.TheMiddleEast:generallyreferringtotheareafromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,Cyprus,andAsiaticTurkey.TheMiddleEastcountriesincludethefollowing:II.BackgroundinformationAfghanistanBahrainCyprusEgyptIranIraqIsraelJordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudiArabiaSyriaTurkeyUnitedArabEmiratesYemenII.Backgroundinformation•3.Bazaar:anorientalmarket-placewhereavarietyofgoodsissold.ThewordperhapscomesfromthePersianword.IntheU.S.shoppingmallisusedwhileinBritainandSpainplazaisused.•4.Gothic:astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Franceinthe11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbedvaulting,steep,highroofs,etc.•.II.Backgroundinformation•5.Veiledwomen:Somemoslemsusetheveil–moreappropriately,thepurdah–tosecludeorhidetheirwomenfromtheeyesofstrangers.•6.caravanserai(caravansary):intheMiddleEast,akindofinnwithalargecentralcourt,wherebandsofmerchantsorpilgrims,togetherwiththeircamelsorhorses,stayforshelterandrefreshmentsIII.Writingstyle•Thistextisapieceofdescription.BygivingreadersavividanddetailedintroductiontotheMiddleEasternBazaar,theauthorsuccessfullypresentsitsuniquecharacteristics:•1)thenoisyhilarityoftheentrance,•2)thepleasureofbargainingwiththesellers,•3)theuniquestyleandfeaturesofallkindsofspecificmarkets,•4)disdainfulcamelsaswellasthecourseofextractinglinseedoil.III.Writingstyle•Theauthor’svividandsplendiddescriptiontakesreadersbacktohundredsofthousandsofyearsagototheagedMiddleEasternBazaar.Theappealtoreaders’visualandhearingsensethroughoutthedescriptionisalsoamarkedfeatureofthispieceofwriting.（e-Learning）YulinCollegeIII.Writingstyle•WhatiscalledDescription?Description•atypeofwritingwhichconveysthesensations,emotionsandimpressionsthataffectawriterexperiencingaperson,place,objectoridea.Thewriterdescribeswhathesees,hears,smells,feelsortastes.Description•Indescribing,awriterdrawsaverbalpictureofsomeplace,thingorperson.•Inordertoenablehisreadertoperceivetherealityoftheoriginal•hereproducesanimagebyspecificandconcretewordsthatappealtothereader’ssenseof•sight,smell,sound,tasteandtouch.Description•Descriptionisusuallyorganizedanddevelopedbyspaceorder.•Awritermaymove•fromadistancetocloseup,•fromcloseuptoadistance,•fromlefttoright,•fromrighttoleft,etc.Description•Descriptionmaybeobjective,realisticorexpositoryormaybesubjective,impressionisticoremotional.•Descriptionisrealisticwhenthetopicisviewedfromanobjectivepointofview.•Awriterselectsfactualdetailsandusesconcretewordstoavoidanemotionalordistortedreproduction.Description•Descriptionisimpressionisticwhenthetopicisviewedfromasubjectivepointofview.•Inwritingemotionaldescription,awritertriestoevokeinthereaderhisfeelingsaboutthesubject.IV.Textanalysis•1.(Para.1)Introduction:Adescriptionoftheentrancetothebazaar•1)TheGothicgateway•2)Contrastbetweentheheatandglareintheopensquareandthecoolnessanddimnessintheinteriorofthebazaar•IV.Textanalysis•3)Anothercontrastbetweenthepleasingsoundofthetinklingofdonkeybellsandtheconfusingdin•4)Thelittlestallsencroaching（侵犯）onthestreet,makingtheroadwaynarrowerandnarrowerIV.Textanalysis•2.(para.2)Theclothmarketintheinterior•1)Transitionbywayofcontrastbetweenthedinoftheentranceandthemutenessofthecloth-market•2)Reasonsforthemuteness•IV.Textanalysis•3.(Para.3-4)Twooutstandingpeculiaritiesofthebazaar•1)(Para.3)Concentrationofdealersinthesamekindofgoodsinonearea•2)(Para.4)ThecustomofbargainingIV.Textanalysis•4.(Para.5-6)Adescriptionofthecopper-smiths’market•1)(Para.5)Production:Craftsmenandtheirtools:braziersburningcharcoal,hugeleatherbellowsformakingthefirehot,andhammersandanvilsforbeatingcoppervesselsintoshape•2)(Para.6)Products:VesselsforornamentandvesselsforfunctionaluseIV.Textanalysis•5.(Para.7)Afleetingviewofthecarpet-market,spice-market,food-market;andglimpsesofcourtyards•6.(Para.8-9)Thelinseedoilmill•1)Thelinseedoilmill•2)TheprocessoftheextractionofthelinseedoilV.Summaryofthetext(1)•Inthistext,theauthordescribesavividandlivesceneofnoisyhilarityoftheMiddleEasternBazaartoreaders.(1)Atfirsthedescribesthegeneralatmosphereofthebazaar.Theentranceofthebazaarisagedandnoisy.However,asonegoesthroughthebazaar,thenoiseoftheentrancefadesaway.V.Summaryofthetext(2)•(2)OneofthepeculiaritiesoftheEasternBazaaristhatshopkeepersdealinginthesamekindofgoodsgatherinthesamearea.(3)Thentheauthorintroducessomeusefulstrategiesforbargainingwiththesellerinthebazaar.V.Summaryofthetext(3)(3)Afterthathedescr