高中英语虚拟语气课件_人教版

1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+done1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo1.IfIhadenoughtime,Iwouldtravelabroad.2.IfIwererich,Iwouldbuyyouanythingyouwant.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装在虚拟条件句中有were,had,should三个助动词中的一个时,可以省略if,把这些词放在主语前。例如：IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.=ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?2.without,with,otherwise,or(else)和butfor构成虚拟:含蓄条件句（butfor要不是）Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.二、虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish+宾语从句针对现在表达愿望(与事实相反)：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.shouldWewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.(现在)(过去)与过去事实相反的愿望:1２３针对将来表达愿望:IwishIwereabird.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.(将来)2.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!3.wouldratherthatIwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.sbdidsth(与过去情况相反)sb.haddonesth.(与现在或将来情况相反)4.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时•Helooksasifheweredrunk.•Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.•Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.•Itseemsasifitwerespring.•Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.5.It’s(about/high)time+that--should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.6.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求：demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.9.某些简单句的固定句型：Heavenhelphim!Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!